Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum) is an indigenous predominant tetraploid wheat species and well grown in Ethiopia. It is good amount and a source of protein, fibers and minerals. In Ethiopia, more than 42 durum wheat varieties were released for production since 1950s. However, the national average yield of the crop is not more than 2.6 tons/hectare, which is far the potential yield of crop 6-8 tone/hectare. Conversely, the demand for durum wheat has steadily increased in country the last decades, particularly due to the emergence of many food processing industries. These calls for increasing yield and improving of grain quality traits are a major task in Ethiopia. The review was emphasized research achievements, limitation, gaps, and future outlook on macro and micro nutrients uses and their synergy, where durum wheat is the principal crop cultivation. It has been indicated growth, productivity and grain quality are largely improved both by macro and micro nutrients together with elite cultivars of the durum wheat. The maximum crop growth rate, relative growth rate, leaf area index, yield components, yield, protein contents, wet gluten, dry gluten, hectoliter weight, and gluten index where improved by combined application of macro nutrients (N, P2O5, S) and micronutrients such as (Boron). We, therefore, suggested that, research on the macro and micronutrient strategies are most important for the durum wheat production and productivity, while the soil phsico-chemicals analysis stills deserve outmost attention.
| Published in | Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 10, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13 |
| Page(s) | 33-43 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Boron, Grain Quality
| [1] | CSA (Central Statistical Agency) (2018) Agricultural Sample Survey 2016/2017 Agricultural Sample Survey. Agricultural sample survey, report on area and production of major crops, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [2] | CSA (Central Statistical Agency) (2017) Agricultural Sample Survey 2016/2017 Agricultural Sample Survey. Agricultural sample survey, report on area and production of major crops, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [3] | FAOSTAT (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Statistics) (2015) Food Balance Sheets. FAOSTAT. Rome. |
| [4] | CSA (Central Statistical Agency) (2020) Agricultural Sample Survey 2016/2017 Agricultural Sample Survey. Agricultural sample survey, report on area and production of major crops, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [5] | Mason, L., (2015) “I disrespectfully agree”: The differential effects of partisan sorting on social and issue polarization. American journal of political science, 59 (1), pp. 128-145. |
| [6] | Nagassa, R. G., McMenamin, P. G., Adams, J. W., Quayle, M. R. and Rosenfeld, J. V., (2019) Advanced 3D printed model of middle cerebral artery aneurysms for neurosurgery simulation. 3D printing in medicine, 5 (1), pp. 1-12. |
| [7] | Kabbaj, H., Sall, A. T., Al-Abdallat, A., Geleta, M., Amri, A. and Filali-Maltouf, A. (2017) Genetic diversity within a global panel of durum wheat (Triticum durum) landraces and modern germplasm reveals the history of allele’s exchange. Front. Plant Science, 8: 1277. doi: 10.3389/fpls.01277. |
| [8] | Harlan, J. R., De Wet, J. M. J. and Richardson, W. L., (1969) Hybridization studies with species of Cynodon from East Africa and Malagasy. American Journal of Botany, 56 (8), pp. 944-950. |
| [9] | Vavilov, N. I., Vavylov, M. I., Vavílov, N. Í. and Dorofeev, V. F., (1992) Origin and geography of cultivated plants. Cambridge University Press. |
| [10] | Mitchell, D. A., Batich, K. A., Gunn, M. D., Huang, M. N., Sanchez-Perez, L., Nair, S. K., Congdon, K. L., Reap, E. A., Archer, G. E., Desjardins, A. and Friedman, A. H., (2015) Tetanus toxoid and CCL3 improve dendritic cell vaccines in mice and glioblastoma patients. Nature, 519 (7543), pp. 366-369. |
| [11] | Valin, H. (2014) The future of food demand: understanding differences in global economic models. Agricultural Economics, 45: 51- 67. |
| [12] | Benson, P. and Voller, P., (2014) Autonomy and independence in language learning. Routledge. |
| [13] | Tubiello, F. N., Salvatore, M., Rossi, S., Ferrara, A., Fitton, N. and Smith, P., (2013) The FAOSTAT database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Environmental Research Letters, 8 (1), p. 015009. |
| [14] | Kidane Giorgis (2015) Dryland Agriculture Production Systems in Ethiopia. National Publishers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [15] | EthioSIS (Ethiopian Soil Information System) (2014) Soil analysis report Agriculture Transformation Agency (Unpublished). |
| [16] | Wassie Haile and Shiferaw Boke (2011) Response of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum) to the Application of Potassium at Acidic Soils of Chencha, Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Biology, 13: 595–598. |
| [17] | Nataraja, T. H., Halepyati, A. S., Pujari, B. T. and Desai, B. K. (2006) Influence of phosphorus levels and micronutrients on physiological parameters of wheat (Triticum durum Dcsf.). Karnataka Journal Agricultural Science, 19 (3): 685-687. |
| [18] | Chaudry, E. H., Timmer, V., Javed, A. S. and Siddique, M. T. (2007) Wheat response to micronutrients in rain fed areas of Punjab. Soil and Environmental, 26 (1): 97-101. |
| [19] | Mandal, A., Patra, A. K., Singh, D., Swarup A. and Masto R. E. (2007) Effect of long-term application of manure and fertilizer on biological and biochemical activities in soil during crop development stages. Bioresour Technology, 98: 3585-3592. |
| [20] | Mengistu, A., Ray, J. D., Kelly, H. M., Lin, B., Yu, H., Smith, J. R., Arelli, P. R. and Bellaloui, N., (2020) Pathotype grouping of Cercospora sojina isolates on soybean and sensitivity to QoI fungicides. Plant Disease, 104 (2), pp. 373-380. |
| [21] | Eshete, M. A., Liu, H., Li, M., Adeyemo, W. L., Gowans, L. J. J., Mossey, P. A., Busch, T., Deressa, W., Donkor, P., Olaitan, P. B. and Aregbesola, B. S., (2018) Loss-of-function GRHL3 variants detected in African patients with isolated cleft palate. Journal of dental research, 97 (1), pp. 41-48. |
| [22] | Gebreselassie, M. N., Ader, K., Boizot, N., Millier, F., Charpentier, J. P., Alves, A., Simões, R., Rodrigues, J. C., Bodineau, G., Fabbrini, F. and Sabatti, M., (2017) Near-infrared spectroscopy enables the genetic analysis of chemical properties in a large set of wood samples from Populus nigra (L.) natural populations. Industrial Crops and Products, 107, pp. 159-171. |
| [23] | Tanner, D. G., Amanuel Gorfu, and Kassahun Zewde (1991) Wheat agronomy research in Ethiopia. In: Hailu Gebre-Mariam, Tanner, D. G. and Mengistu Hulluka (eds.). Wheat Research in Ethiopia: A Historical Perspective, pp. 95-135. Addis Ababa: IAR/CIM-MYT. |
| [24] | Bekele Geleta and Tanner, D. G. (1995) Status of cereal production and pathology research in Ethiopia. In: Danial D. L. (ed.). Breeding for Disease Resistance with Emphasis on Durability, pp. 42-50. Wageningen, the Netherlands: Wageningen Agricultural Univ-ersity. |
| [25] | ATA (Agricultural Transformation Agency) (2014) ATA Woreda Master, provide as an Excel spreadsheet by ATA Last Update May 27, 2013. |
| [26] | FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2000) Fertilizers and Their Use, 4th ed. International Fertilizer Industry Association. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy. |
| [27] | Nadeem, M., Qazi, JI., Syed, Q. and Gulsher, M. (2013) Purification and characterization of an alkaline protease from Bacillus licheniformis UV-9 for detergent formulations. Songklanakari Journal Science Technology, 35: 187-195. |
| [28] | Nursuaidah, H., Motior, MR., Nazia, AM. and Islam, MA. (2014) Growth and photosynthetic responses of long bean (Vigna unguiculata) and mung bean (Vigna radiata) response to fertilization. Journal of Plant Science, 24 (2): 573-578. |
| [29] | Ortiz-Monasterio, J., Sayre, K. D., Rajaram, S. and McMahon, M. (1997) Genetic progress in wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency under four N rates. Crop Science, 37 (3): 898-904. |
| [30] | Tisdale, Samuel, Nelson, WL, Beaton, JD. and Havlin, JL, (2002) Fundamental of fertilizer application. In: Soil fertility and fertilizers 5th edition. Pp 462-508. |
| [31] | Fageria, N. K. (2009) The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants. CRC Press, New York. |
| [32] | Ali, R., Khan, M. J. and Khattak, R. A. (2008) Response of rice to different sources of Sulfur (S) at various levels and its residual effect on wheat in rice-wheat cropping system. Soil Environment, 27 (1): 131-137. |
| [33] | Duke, S. H., and Reisenaue, H. M. (1986) Roles and requirements of sulfur in plant nutrition. Pp. 124-168. In: Sulfur in Agriculture, Tabatabai M. A. (ed.) Agronomy Series No. 27, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. |
| [34] | Zhao, F. J., Salmon, S. E., Withers, P. J. A., Monaghan, J. M., Evans, E. J., Shewry, P. R. and McGrath, S. P. (1999) Variation in the bread making quality and mineralogical properties of wheat in relation to sulfur nutrition under field conditions. Journal of Cereal Science, 30 (1): 19-31. |
| [35] | Doberman, A. and Fairhurst T. (2000) Rice: Nutrient disorder and nutrient management. Handbook Series. Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada and International Rice Research Institute. 191p. |
| [36] | Eriksen, J., Olesen, J. E., and Askegaard, M. (2001) Sulphate leaching and sulphur balances of an organic cereal crop rotation on three Danish soils. European Journal of Agronomy, 17: 1- 9. |
| [37] | Miwa, K., Takano, J., Omori, H., Seki, M., Shinozaki, K. and Fujiwara, T. (2007) Plants tolerant of high boron levels. Applied Science, 9: 318: 1417. |
| [38] | Durgesh, K., Tripathi, D. K., Chauhan, N. K., Dube, S., and Singh, S. (2015) Micronutrients and their diverse role in agricultural crops: Advances and future prospective. Acta Physiology Plant, 37: 139-145. |
| [39] | Beato, V. M., Rexach, J., Navarro-Gochicoa, MT., Camacho-Cristobal, J. J., Herrera-Rodri guez, M. B., Maldonado, J. M. and Gonza lez-Fontes, A. (2010) A tobacco asparagine synthesize gene responds to carbon and nitrogen status and its root expression is affected under boron stress. Plant Science, 178 (3): 289-292. |
| [40] | Reguera, M., Wimmer, M., Bustos, P., Goldbach, HE., Bolanos, L. and Bonilla, I. (2010) Ligands of boron in Pisum sativum nodules are involved in regulation of oxygen concentration and rhizobial infection. Plant Cell Environment, 33 (6): 1039–1048. |
| [41] | Pfeffer, H., Dannel, F. and Romheld, V. (1998) Are there connections between phenol metabolism, ascorbate metabolism and membrane integrity in leaves of boron deficient sunflower plants? Physiology Plant, 104: 479-485. |
| [42] | Martin-Rejano, E. M., Camacho-Cristobal, J. J., Herrera-Rodriguez, M. B., Rexach, J., Navarro-Gochicoa, M. T. and Gonza lez-Fontes, A. (2011) Auxin and ethylene are involved in the responses of root system architecture to low boron supply in Arabidopsis seedlings. Physiology Plantarum, 142: 170 -180. |
| [43] | Gul, H., Zaman, K. A., Khan, S. K., Rahman, H. U., Anwar, S., Saeed, B., Farhatullah and Habib Akbar, H. (2013) Crop growth analysis and seed development profile of wheat cultivars in relation to sowing dates and nitrogen fertilization, Pakistan Journal Botany, 45 (3): 951-960. |
| [44] | Reddy, S. R. (2004) Principles of crop production-growth regulators and growth analysis, 2nd edition. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, India. |
| [45] | Azarpour, E., Moraditochaee, M., and Bozorgi, H. R. (2014) Effect of nitrogen fertilizer management on growth analysis of rice cultivars. International Journal of Biosciences, 4 (5): 35- 47. |
| [46] | Arduini, I., Masoni, A., Ercoli, L. and Mariotti, M. (2006) Grain yield and dry matter, nitrogen accumulation and remobilization in durum wheat affected by varieties and seed rate. European Journal of Agronomy, 25: 309-318. |
| [47] | Rehim, A., Ranjha, Rahamtullah, A. M. and Waraich, E. A. (2010) Effect of phosphorus application and irrigation scheduling on wheat yield and phosphorus use efficiency. Soil environment, 29: 15-22. |
| [48] | Prasad, S. (2017) Effect of sowing time and nutrient management on growth and yield of heat tolerant varieties of wheat. College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, PhD. Thesis. |
| [49] | Hokmalipour, S. and Hamele D. M. (2011) Physiological growth indices in corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars as affected by nitrogen fertilizer levels. World Applied Sciences Journal, 15 (12): 1800-1805. |
| [50] | Nadim, M. A., Awan, I. U., Baloch, M. S., Khan, E. A., Naveed, K., Khan, M. A., Zubair, M. and Hussain, N. (2011) Effect of micronutrients on the growth and yield of wheat. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 48 (3): 191-196. |
| [51] | Poma, A., Venora, G., Miranda, M. and Pacioni, G. (2002) The karyotypes of three Tuber species (Pezizales, Ascomycota), Caryologia, 55: 4, 307-313, doi: 10.1080/00087-114.2002.10797881. |
| [52] | Abera Tolera, Semu Ernest, Tolosa, Debele, Dagen Wegary, and Kim, H. (2015) Effects of faba bean break crop and N rates on subsequent grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of highland maize varieties in Toke Kutaye, western Ethiopia. American Journal of Research Communication, 3 (10): 32-72. |
| [53] | Asif, M., Maqsood, M., Ali, A., Hassan, S. W., Hussain, A. and Ahmad, S. (2012) Growth yield components and harvest index of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) affected by different irrigation regimes and nitrogen management strategy. Science International (Lahore), 24: 215-218. |
| [54] | Mandic, V., Krnjaja, V., Tomic, Z., Bijelic, Z., Simic, A., Muslic, D. R. and Gogic, M. (2015) Nitrogen fertilizer influence on wheat yield and use efficiency under different environmental conditions. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 75 (1): 92-99. |
| [55] | Amsal Tarekenge, Tanner, D. G. and Tesfaye Tessema (2000) Agronomic and economic evaluation of the on farm N and P response of bread wheat grown on two contrasting soil types in central Ethiopia. (CIMMYT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [56] | Ibrahim, Y. M. and GhfarMahgoub, S. A. (2014) Evaluation of wheat growth under different fertilizer type, application and doses at Northern State of Sudan. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, 3 (1): 173-180. |
| [57] | Abdo Woyema, Geremew Bultosa, and Assefa Taa. (2012) Effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield related traits for seven durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) cultivars grown at Sinana, South Eastern Ethiopia. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 12 (3) ISSN1684 5372. |
| [58] | Parnes, R. (1990) Fertile Soil: A Grower Guide to Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers, Agaccess, California, 190p. |
| [59] | Kissi (2006) effects of rates and methods of phosphorus placement on residual soil P, yield and P uptake of wheat in nitosols of Kulumsa area, Arsi zone a Thesis Submitted to the Department of Plant Sciences Haramaya university. Haramaya. |
| [60] | Rehman, S., Khalil, S. K., Muhammad, F., Rehman, A., Khan, A. Z., Ahmadur, A., Saljoki, R., Zubair, M. and Hussain, K. I. (2011) Phenology, leaf area index and grain yield of rain fed wheat influenced by organic and inorganic fertilizer. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42 (5): 3671-3685. |
| [61] | Alemayehu Balcha. (2014) Effect of Phosphorus rates and varieties on grain yield, nutrient uptake and Phosphorus efficiency of tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]; American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5: 262-267. |
| [62] | Noonari, S., Kalhoro, S. A., Ali, A., Mahar, A., Raza, S., Ahmed, M., Fayaz, S., Shah, A. and Baloch, S. U. (2016) Effect of different levels of phosphorus and method of application on the growth and Yield of wheat. Natural Science, 8: 305-314. |
| [63] | Ercoli, L., Arduini, I., Mariotti, M., Lulli, L., and Masoni, A. (2012) Management of fertiliser to improve durum wheat production and minimise S leaching. European Journal of Agronomy, 38: 74-82. |
| [64] | Muhammad, A., Nadim, I., Ullah A., Mohammad, S., Baloch, B. and Khalid, N. (2013) Micronutrient use efficiency in wheat as affected by different application methods. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 45 (3): 887-892. |
| [65] | Uddin, M. N., Islam, M. S. and Islam, A. B. (2008) Effect of boron on wheat at different boron application methods. Journal Subtropical Agriculture Research Development, 6 (2): 483-486. |
| [66] | Adera Sisay (2016) Response of tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] to different blended fertilizer rates on Vertisols in Jama District, Northeastern Ethiopia. MSc. Thesis Haramaya, university Haramaya, Ethiopia. |
| [67] | Esayas Lemma (2015) Effect of blended fertilizers on yield and yield traits of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum) varieties in Ada district, Central Ethiopia. MSc. Thesis, Hramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopa. |
| [68] | Berhan Abayu (2012) Agronomic and economic effects of blended fertilizers under planting method on yield and yield components of tef: M.Sc. Thesis, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. |
| [69] | Cossani, C. M., Slater, G. A and Savina, H. (2012) Nitrogen fertilizer and water use efficiency of wheat and Barley under Mediterranean environment in Catalonia. Field crop Research, 128: 109-118. |
| [70] | Warraich, EA., Basra, SMA., Ahmad, N., Ahmed, R. and Aftab, M. (2002) Effect of Nitrogen on Grain Quality and Vigor in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Agricultural Biology, 4 (4): 517-520. |
| [71] | Dencic, S., Mladenov, N., and Kobiljski, B. (2011) Effects of genotype and environment on bread making quality in wheat. International Journal of Plant Production, 5: 71-82. |
| [72] | Flores, RA., Urquiaga, SS., Alves, B. J., Collier, L. S., Morais, R. F. and Prado, R. M. (2012) Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and cutting age on the dry matter production of elephant grass in Savana. England Agriculture, 16: 1282-1288. |
| [73] | Amsal Tarekenge and Tanner, D. G. (2001) Effects of fertilizer application on N and P uptake, recovery and use efficiency of bread wheat grown on two soil types in central Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources, 3 (2): 219-244. |
| [74] | Adamu Molla (2013) Farmers’ knowledge helps develop site specific fertilizer rate recommendations, Central Highlands of Ethiopia. World Applied Sciences Journal, 22 (4): 555-563. |
| [75] | Mesfin Kebede, and Tekalign Tadesse (2011) Indexing soil P to recommend for durum wheat in East Shewa Report and Opinion, 3 (1): 134-140. |
| [76] | Riley, N. G., Zhao, F. J. and Grath, S. P. (2000) Availability of different forms of sulfur fertilizers to wheat and oilseed rape. Plant and Soil, 222 (1/2): 139-147. |
| [77] | Araus, J. L., Casaduseus, J. and Bort, J. (2001) Recent tools for the screening of physiological traits determining yield. In: Application of Physiology in Wheat Breeding. CIMMYT, pp. 59-77. |
| [78] | Habib, M. (2009) Effect of foliar application of Zn and Fe on wheat yield and quality. African Journal Biotechnology, 8 (24): 6795-6798. |
| [79] | Ghatak, R., Jana, P. K., Sounda, G., Ghosh, R. K. and Bandyopadhyay, P. (2006) Effect of boron on yield, concentration and uptake of N, P and K by wheat grown in farmer’s field on red and laterite soils of Purulia, West Bengal. Indian Agriculturist, 50 (1/2): 15-77. |
| [80] | Lemlem Hiwot (2012) Evaluating the effect of low seeding rate, planting method and blended fertilizer application on Eragrostis tef (Kuncho variety) yield, yield component and nutrient uptake by grain grown on Regosols and Vertisols. MSc Thesis, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. |
| [81] | Dagne Chimdessa (2016) Blended Fertilizers Effects on Maize Yield and Yield Components of Western Oromia, Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 151-162. |
| [82] | CWC (California Wheat Commission) (2005) Description of durum wheat semolina quality factors. (http://www.california wheat.org.) Accessed on December 18, 2017. |
| [83] | Landi, A. and Guarneri, R. (1992) Durum wheat and pasta industries: Twenty years of achievement in science and technology. In: Cereal Chemistry and Technology: A long past and a bright future. Proceeding of 9th Int. Cereal and Breed Congress, 1-5 June Paris 1992, pp. 139-142. |
| [84] | Boukef, S., Karmous, C. and Trifa, R. S. (2013) Durum wheat grain quality traits as affected by nitrogen fertilization sources under Mediterranean rain fed conditions sameh. Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability, 4 (1): 99-111. |
| [85] | Abad, A., Lloveras, J. and Michelena, A. (2004) Nitrogen fertilization and foliar urea effects on durum wheat yield, quality and on residual soil nitrate in irrigated Mediterranean conditions. Field Crop research, 87: 257-269. |
| [86] | Mengistu, Bogale (2015) Growth, yield, and grain quality of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum) varieties as influenced by nitrogen application M.Sc. Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia. |
| [87] | Panayotova, G., Kostadinova, S. and Yalkova, N. (2017) Grain quality of durum wheat as affected by phosphorus and combined nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. Lx, Issn Online 2285-5807. Accessed on October 14, 2017. |
| [88] | Shewry, P. R., Halford, N. G. and Tatham, A. S. (1992) High molecular weight subunits of wheat gluten. Journal of Cereal Science, 15 (2): 105-120. |
| [89] | Efrem Bechere, Hirut Kebede and Getachew Belay (2000) Durum wheat in Ethiopia: An old crop in an ancient land. Institute of Biodiversity Conservation and Research. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 68p. |
| [90] | Gerba Leta, Getachew Belay and Walelign Worku (2013) Nitrogen fertilization effects on grain quality of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum) varieties in Central Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1 (1): 1-7. |
| [91] | Jarvan, M., Edesi, L., Adamson, A., Lukme, L., and Akk, A. (2008) The effect of sulphur fertilization on yield, quality of protein and baking properties of winter wheat. Agronomy Research, 6 (2): 459 – 469. |
| [92] | Jarvan, M., Lukme, L. and Akk, A. (2006) The Effect of sulphur on biological quality of protein and baking properties of winter wheat. Transactions of ERIA, 71: 123-128. |
| [93] | Atwell, W. A. (2001) Wheat Flour. Eagan Press Handbook Series. St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. |
| [94] | Murphy, H. F. (1968) A report on fertility status and other data on some soils of Ethiopia. Experimental Station Bulletin No. 44. Hailesilassie College of Agriculture. Oklahoma State University, 551P. |
APA Style
Bizuwork Tafes Desta. (2022). The Synergy of Macro and Micro-Nutrients for Improving Durum Wheat Productivity in Ethiopia: A Review. Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 10(2), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13
ACS Style
Bizuwork Tafes Desta. The Synergy of Macro and Micro-Nutrients for Improving Durum Wheat Productivity in Ethiopia: A Review. Adv. BioSci. Bioeng. 2022, 10(2), 33-43. doi: 10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13,
author = {Bizuwork Tafes Desta},
title = {The Synergy of Macro and Micro-Nutrients for Improving Durum Wheat Productivity in Ethiopia: A Review},
journal = {Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {33-43},
doi = {10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.abb.20221002.13},
abstract = {Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum) is an indigenous predominant tetraploid wheat species and well grown in Ethiopia. It is good amount and a source of protein, fibers and minerals. In Ethiopia, more than 42 durum wheat varieties were released for production since 1950s. However, the national average yield of the crop is not more than 2.6 tons/hectare, which is far the potential yield of crop 6-8 tone/hectare. Conversely, the demand for durum wheat has steadily increased in country the last decades, particularly due to the emergence of many food processing industries. These calls for increasing yield and improving of grain quality traits are a major task in Ethiopia. The review was emphasized research achievements, limitation, gaps, and future outlook on macro and micro nutrients uses and their synergy, where durum wheat is the principal crop cultivation. It has been indicated growth, productivity and grain quality are largely improved both by macro and micro nutrients together with elite cultivars of the durum wheat. The maximum crop growth rate, relative growth rate, leaf area index, yield components, yield, protein contents, wet gluten, dry gluten, hectoliter weight, and gluten index where improved by combined application of macro nutrients (N, P2O5, S) and micronutrients such as (Boron). We, therefore, suggested that, research on the macro and micronutrient strategies are most important for the durum wheat production and productivity, while the soil phsico-chemicals analysis stills deserve outmost attention.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - The Synergy of Macro and Micro-Nutrients for Improving Durum Wheat Productivity in Ethiopia: A Review AU - Bizuwork Tafes Desta Y1 - 2022/05/19 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13 DO - 10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13 T2 - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering JF - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering JO - Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering SP - 33 EP - 43 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-4162 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20221002.13 AB - Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum) is an indigenous predominant tetraploid wheat species and well grown in Ethiopia. It is good amount and a source of protein, fibers and minerals. In Ethiopia, more than 42 durum wheat varieties were released for production since 1950s. However, the national average yield of the crop is not more than 2.6 tons/hectare, which is far the potential yield of crop 6-8 tone/hectare. Conversely, the demand for durum wheat has steadily increased in country the last decades, particularly due to the emergence of many food processing industries. These calls for increasing yield and improving of grain quality traits are a major task in Ethiopia. The review was emphasized research achievements, limitation, gaps, and future outlook on macro and micro nutrients uses and their synergy, where durum wheat is the principal crop cultivation. It has been indicated growth, productivity and grain quality are largely improved both by macro and micro nutrients together with elite cultivars of the durum wheat. The maximum crop growth rate, relative growth rate, leaf area index, yield components, yield, protein contents, wet gluten, dry gluten, hectoliter weight, and gluten index where improved by combined application of macro nutrients (N, P2O5, S) and micronutrients such as (Boron). We, therefore, suggested that, research on the macro and micronutrient strategies are most important for the durum wheat production and productivity, while the soil phsico-chemicals analysis stills deserve outmost attention. VL - 10 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: