Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey

Faith Kretzer; Sydney Ragsdale; Liz Keefer; Malynn O’Baker; Daniel Martin; Kelly Hubbard

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11

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Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey

Faith Kretzer, Sydney Ragsdale, Liz Keefer, Malynn O’Baker, Daniel Martin, Kelly Hubbard

Published in American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 12, Issue 3)

Received: 24 April 2023 Accepted: 10 May 2023 Published: 24 May 2023

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Abstract

Hoarding Disorder is a condition often referred to occupational therapy for comprehensive assessment and intervention, however the strategies that occupational therapy professionals use in the clinical management of hoarding behaviors is poorly understood. The purpose of this mixed methods survey design research was to collect and analyze information on the beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of common and effective intervention techniques currently used among occupational therapy professionals to address hoarding behaviors. A total of 18 (n = 18) responding occupational therapy professionals met inclusion criteria. Occupational therapy professionals universally indicated that environmental modification strategies were utilized as an intervention to manage hoarding behaviors, and the majority of participants also indicated the use of ADL training, IADL training, household mobility training, occupation-based therapeutic activity, personal safety training and self-management training as interventions for Hoarding Disorder. Regression analysis between the perceived effectiveness of a given intervention and the reported frequency of how often the intervention was used indicated that occupational therapy professionals found that the following interventions were generally most effective for the management of Hoarding Disorder: environmental modification, rs(18) =.550, p =.018, VS-MPR = 5.09; personal safety training, rs(18) =.543, p =.020, VS-MPR = 4.70; creative expression activities, rs(18) =.624, p =.006, VS-MPR = 11.98; ADL training, rs(18) =.412, p =.066, VS-MPR = 2.05; self management training, rs(18) =.443, p =.075, VS-MPR = 1.89; and occupation-based therapeutic activities, rs(18) =.444, p =.063, VS-MPR = 2.11. The results of this study affirm that occupational therapy professionals generally find complex systems of techniques as more effective than single techniques for treating those with hoarding disorders, however further research is needed to better understand which occupational therapy assessments and interventions work well together as effective treatment systems.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 12, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11
Page(s)	63-70
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Occupational Therapy, Hoarding Disorder, Intervention, Assessment, PEO, Applied Psychology

References

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[2]	Neziroglu, F. (2022) Hoarding: The basics. Anxiety and Depression Association of America. Retrieved from https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/hoarding-basics
[3]	Dorne, R., Whitehead, D. (2015). Home health professionals’ encounters with hoarders. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. (69), Suppl. 1. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2015.69S1-PO4081
[4]	American Association of Occupational Therapy. (2020a). AOTA 2020 occupational therapy code of ethics. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 4 (3), 1-3.
[5]	American Occupational Therapy Association. (2020b). Occupational therapy practice framework: Domain and process (4th ed.). American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 74 (2), https://doi. org/10.5014/ajot.2020.74S2001
[6]	Archer, A., Moran, K., Garza, K., Zakrzewski, J., Martin, A., Chou, C., Uhm, Y., Chan, J., Gause, M., Salazar, M., Plumadore, J., Smith, C., Komaiko, K., Howell, G., Vigil, O., Bain, D., Stark, S., Mackin, S., Eckfield, M., Mathews, C. (2019). Relationship between symptom severity, psychiatric comorbidity, social/occupational impairment, and suicidality in hoarding disorder. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 21, 158-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2018.11.001
[7]	Dissanayake, S., Barnard, E., & Willis, S. (2017). The emerging role of occupational therapists in the assessment and treatment of compulsive hoarding: An exploratory study. New Zealand Journal of Occupational Therapy, 64 (2), 22-30.
[8]	Rachey, K., Janssen, S. (2021). Self-Neglect among older adults: OT role in interprofessional primary care terms. American Occupational Therapy Association.
[9]	Clarke, C. (2019). Can occupational therapy address the occupational implications of hoarding? Occupational Therapy International, 2019, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5347403
[10]	Kalogeraki, L., & Michopoulos, I. (2017). Hoarding disorder in DSM-5: Clinical description and cognitive approach. Psychiatriki, 28 (2), 131–141. https://doi.org/10.22365/jpsych.2017.282.131
[11]	Cole, M., & Tufano, R. (2020). Applied theories in occupational therapy: A practical approach. (2nd ed.). SLACK, Incorporated.
[12]	McQueen, J. (2014). Creek's occupational therapy and mental health (5th edit.). British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 77 (12). DOI: 10.1177/030802261407701202.
[13]	American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.).
[14]	Samuels, J., Bienvenu, O., Grados, M., Cullen, B., Riddle, M., Liang, K., Eaton, W., & Nestadt, G. (2008). Prevalence and correlates of hoarding behavior in a community-based sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46 (7), 836–844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.004
[15]	Dong, X., Simon, M., & Evans, D. (2012). Elder self-neglect and hospitalization: Findings from the Chicago health and aging project. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60, 202–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03156.x
[16]	Chan, L., (2022) Person-environment-occupation (PEO) model. OT Theory. Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://ottheory.com/therapy-model/person-environment-occupation-peo-model

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Faith Kretzer, Sydney Ragsdale, Liz Keefer, Malynn O’Baker, Daniel Martin, et al. (2023). Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 12(3), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11

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ACS Style

Faith Kretzer; Sydney Ragsdale; Liz Keefer; Malynn O’Baker; Daniel Martin, et al. Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2023, 12(3), 63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11

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AMA Style

Faith Kretzer, Sydney Ragsdale, Liz Keefer, Malynn O’Baker, Daniel Martin, et al. Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey. Am J Appl Psychol. 2023;12(3):63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11,
  author = {Faith Kretzer and Sydney Ragsdale and Liz Keefer and Malynn O’Baker and Daniel Martin and Kelly Hubbard},
  title = {Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {12},
  number = {3},
  pages = {63-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20231203.11},
  abstract = {Hoarding Disorder is a condition often referred to occupational therapy for comprehensive assessment and intervention, however the strategies that occupational therapy professionals use in the clinical management of hoarding behaviors is poorly understood. The purpose of this mixed methods survey design research was to collect and analyze information on the beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of common and effective intervention techniques currently used among occupational therapy professionals to address hoarding behaviors. A total of 18 (n = 18) responding occupational therapy professionals met inclusion criteria. Occupational therapy professionals universally indicated that environmental modification strategies were utilized as an intervention to manage hoarding behaviors, and the majority of participants also indicated the use of ADL training, IADL training, household mobility training, occupation-based therapeutic activity, personal safety training and self-management training as interventions for Hoarding Disorder. Regression analysis between the perceived effectiveness of a given intervention and the reported frequency of how often the intervention was used indicated that occupational therapy professionals found that the following interventions were generally most effective for the management of Hoarding Disorder: environmental modification, rs(18) =.550, p =.018, VS-MPR = 5.09; personal safety training, rs(18) =.543, p =.020, VS-MPR = 4.70; creative expression activities, rs(18) =.624, p =.006, VS-MPR = 11.98; ADL training, rs(18) =.412, p =.066, VS-MPR = 2.05; self management training, rs(18) =.443, p =.075, VS-MPR = 1.89; and occupation-based therapeutic activities, rs(18) =.444, p =.063, VS-MPR = 2.11. The results of this study affirm that occupational therapy professionals generally find complex systems of techniques as more effective than single techniques for treating those with hoarding disorders, however further research is needed to better understand which occupational therapy assessments and interventions work well together as effective treatment systems.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey
AU  - Faith Kretzer
AU  - Sydney Ragsdale
AU  - Liz Keefer
AU  - Malynn O’Baker
AU  - Daniel Martin
AU  - Kelly Hubbard
Y1  - 2023/05/24
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11
AB  - Hoarding Disorder is a condition often referred to occupational therapy for comprehensive assessment and intervention, however the strategies that occupational therapy professionals use in the clinical management of hoarding behaviors is poorly understood. The purpose of this mixed methods survey design research was to collect and analyze information on the beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of common and effective intervention techniques currently used among occupational therapy professionals to address hoarding behaviors. A total of 18 (n = 18) responding occupational therapy professionals met inclusion criteria. Occupational therapy professionals universally indicated that environmental modification strategies were utilized as an intervention to manage hoarding behaviors, and the majority of participants also indicated the use of ADL training, IADL training, household mobility training, occupation-based therapeutic activity, personal safety training and self-management training as interventions for Hoarding Disorder. Regression analysis between the perceived effectiveness of a given intervention and the reported frequency of how often the intervention was used indicated that occupational therapy professionals found that the following interventions were generally most effective for the management of Hoarding Disorder: environmental modification, rs(18) =.550, p =.018, VS-MPR = 5.09; personal safety training, rs(18) =.543, p =.020, VS-MPR = 4.70; creative expression activities, rs(18) =.624, p =.006, VS-MPR = 11.98; ADL training, rs(18) =.412, p =.066, VS-MPR = 2.05; self management training, rs(18) =.443, p =.075, VS-MPR = 1.89; and occupation-based therapeutic activities, rs(18) =.444, p =.063, VS-MPR = 2.11. The results of this study affirm that occupational therapy professionals generally find complex systems of techniques as more effective than single techniques for treating those with hoarding disorders, however further research is needed to better understand which occupational therapy assessments and interventions work well together as effective treatment systems.
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Faith Kretzer

Division of Occupational Therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA
Sydney Ragsdale

Division of Occupational Therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA
Liz Keefer

Division of Occupational Therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA
Malynn O’Baker

Division of Occupational Therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA
Daniel Martin

Division of Occupational Therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA
Kelly Hubbard

Division of Occupational Therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, USA

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APA Style

Faith Kretzer, Sydney Ragsdale, Liz Keefer, Malynn O’Baker, Daniel Martin, et al. (2023). Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 12(3), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11

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ACS Style

Faith Kretzer; Sydney Ragsdale; Liz Keefer; Malynn O’Baker; Daniel Martin, et al. Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2023, 12(3), 63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11

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AMA Style

Faith Kretzer, Sydney Ragsdale, Liz Keefer, Malynn O’Baker, Daniel Martin, et al. Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey. Am J Appl Psychol. 2023;12(3):63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11,
  author = {Faith Kretzer and Sydney Ragsdale and Liz Keefer and Malynn O’Baker and Daniel Martin and Kelly Hubbard},
  title = {Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {12},
  number = {3},
  pages = {63-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20231203.11},
  abstract = {Hoarding Disorder is a condition often referred to occupational therapy for comprehensive assessment and intervention, however the strategies that occupational therapy professionals use in the clinical management of hoarding behaviors is poorly understood. The purpose of this mixed methods survey design research was to collect and analyze information on the beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of common and effective intervention techniques currently used among occupational therapy professionals to address hoarding behaviors. A total of 18 (n = 18) responding occupational therapy professionals met inclusion criteria. Occupational therapy professionals universally indicated that environmental modification strategies were utilized as an intervention to manage hoarding behaviors, and the majority of participants also indicated the use of ADL training, IADL training, household mobility training, occupation-based therapeutic activity, personal safety training and self-management training as interventions for Hoarding Disorder. Regression analysis between the perceived effectiveness of a given intervention and the reported frequency of how often the intervention was used indicated that occupational therapy professionals found that the following interventions were generally most effective for the management of Hoarding Disorder: environmental modification, rs(18) =.550, p =.018, VS-MPR = 5.09; personal safety training, rs(18) =.543, p =.020, VS-MPR = 4.70; creative expression activities, rs(18) =.624, p =.006, VS-MPR = 11.98; ADL training, rs(18) =.412, p =.066, VS-MPR = 2.05; self management training, rs(18) =.443, p =.075, VS-MPR = 1.89; and occupation-based therapeutic activities, rs(18) =.444, p =.063, VS-MPR = 2.11. The results of this study affirm that occupational therapy professionals generally find complex systems of techniques as more effective than single techniques for treating those with hoarding disorders, however further research is needed to better understand which occupational therapy assessments and interventions work well together as effective treatment systems.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Occupational Therapy Practitioner Interventions for Individuals with Hoarding Tendencies: A Descriptive and Associational Survey
AU  - Faith Kretzer
AU  - Sydney Ragsdale
AU  - Liz Keefer
AU  - Malynn O’Baker
AU  - Daniel Martin
AU  - Kelly Hubbard
Y1  - 2023/05/24
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231203.11
AB  - Hoarding Disorder is a condition often referred to occupational therapy for comprehensive assessment and intervention, however the strategies that occupational therapy professionals use in the clinical management of hoarding behaviors is poorly understood. The purpose of this mixed methods survey design research was to collect and analyze information on the beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of common and effective intervention techniques currently used among occupational therapy professionals to address hoarding behaviors. A total of 18 (n = 18) responding occupational therapy professionals met inclusion criteria. Occupational therapy professionals universally indicated that environmental modification strategies were utilized as an intervention to manage hoarding behaviors, and the majority of participants also indicated the use of ADL training, IADL training, household mobility training, occupation-based therapeutic activity, personal safety training and self-management training as interventions for Hoarding Disorder. Regression analysis between the perceived effectiveness of a given intervention and the reported frequency of how often the intervention was used indicated that occupational therapy professionals found that the following interventions were generally most effective for the management of Hoarding Disorder: environmental modification, rs(18) =.550, p =.018, VS-MPR = 5.09; personal safety training, rs(18) =.543, p =.020, VS-MPR = 4.70; creative expression activities, rs(18) =.624, p =.006, VS-MPR = 11.98; ADL training, rs(18) =.412, p =.066, VS-MPR = 2.05; self management training, rs(18) =.443, p =.075, VS-MPR = 1.89; and occupation-based therapeutic activities, rs(18) =.444, p =.063, VS-MPR = 2.11. The results of this study affirm that occupational therapy professionals generally find complex systems of techniques as more effective than single techniques for treating those with hoarding disorders, however further research is needed to better understand which occupational therapy assessments and interventions work well together as effective treatment systems.
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
ER  -

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