Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method

Wu Yiwen; Li Sijin; Zhu Pei; Wang Xiaoyu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14

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Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method

Wu Yiwen, Li Sijin, Zhu Pei, Wang Xiaoyu

Published in American Journal of Physics and Applications (Volume 9, Issue 5)

Received: 7 September 2021 Accepted: 4 October 2021 Published: 15 October 2021

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Abstract

The surface residual stress of mechanical parts and large mechanical components has an important influence on their fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance and service life. X-ray diffraction method is used to measure the surface residual stress of steel bars and the influence of factors such as testing methods, testing equipment status and sample status on testing results is discussed in this paper. The results show that the testing parameters such as the target material, filter, diffraction angle and the minimum step shall be selected according to the material type and crystal structure under the premise of stable operation of the equipment in testing process. After that, the data treatment is under consideration. The peak determination is a very important part of data processing. The cross-correlation method is widely used because it uses all the original test data for the calculation, and the accuracy of the peak determination is high in this test. It also shows that the sampling process and specimen protection can also affect the testing results of the residual stress. The structure state of materials will have a great impact on testing results. For example, the texture will cause excessive errors of the testing results. It is recommended to understand the material properties in detail before testing so as to ensure sufficient margin when sampling, to apply the strict protection for the test surface of the sample, and to add a swing angle appropriately when the material is with texture.

Published in	American Journal of Physics and Applications (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14
Page(s)	121-126
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Steel Bar, Surface Residual Stress, X-ray Diffraction, Influencing Factor

References

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[2]	CUI Keqing. Safety engineering dictionary [M]. Beijing: Chemistry Industry Press, 1995: 125-154.
[3]	XU Shunsheng, The study on metal by X-ray [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers, 1962: 570.
[4]	ZHOU Shangqi, The analysis of X-ray diffraction [M]. Chongqing: Chongqing University Press, 1991: 200.
[5]	CHENG Xiaoyu, WANG Xiaomei. Essence of residual stress and adjust [J]. Total corrosion control. 2009, 23 (7): 33-35.
[6]	JIANG Gang, Present Research Status of Measuring Residual Stress [J] Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2007, Vol 6, 213-216.
[7]	LIU Jinna, XU Binshi, WANG Haidou. Development tendency of measurement methods for residual stresses [J]. Physical testing and chemical analysis part a: physical testing, 2013, 49 (10): 677-682.
[8]	CHEN Yu-an, ZHOU Shangqi, The-state-of-the-art of the study on residual stress measurement by X-ray analysis [J]. Nondestructive testing, 2001, 23 (1): 19-22.
[9]	GB/T 7704-2017 Non-destructive testing---practice for residual stress measurement by X-ray [S].
[10]	SHI Xinhua, WU Lihong, LI Chun. Introduction to the latest European and American standard test methods for residual stress measurement by X-ray diffraction [J]. Physical testing and chemical analysis part A: physical testing, 2011, 47 (10): 623-628.
[11]	EN 15305: 2008 Non-destructive testing---Test method for residual stress analysis by X-ray diffraction [S].
[12]	ASTM E915-2016 Standard test method for verifying the alignment of X-ray diffraction instrumentation for residual stress measurement [S].
[13]	ZHANG Dingquan, Basic knowledge of stress determination by X-ray – lecture No. 1 basic concept of residual stress [J]. Physical testing and chemical analysis part a: physical testing, 2007, 43 (4): 211-212.
[14]	LV Kemao. Basic knowledge of residual stress determination—Lecture No. 4 stress determination method by X-ray (I) [J]. Physical testing and chemical analysis part a: physical testing, 2007, 43 (7): 349-354.
[15]	SAVALONI H, TAHERIZADEH A, ZENDEHNAM A. Residual stress and structural characteristics in Ti and Cu sputtered films on glass substrates at different substrate temperatures and film thickness [J]. Physical: B, 2004, 349 (1): 44-55.

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APA Style

Wu Yiwen, Li Sijin, Zhu Pei, Wang Xiaoyu. (2021). Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method. American Journal of Physics and Applications, 9(5), 121-126. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14

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ACS Style

Wu Yiwen; Li Sijin; Zhu Pei; Wang Xiaoyu. Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method. Am. J. Phys. Appl. 2021, 9(5), 121-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14

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AMA Style

Wu Yiwen, Li Sijin, Zhu Pei, Wang Xiaoyu. Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method. Am J Phys Appl. 2021;9(5):121-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14,
  author = {Wu Yiwen and Li Sijin and Zhu Pei and Wang Xiaoyu},
  title = {Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method},
  journal = {American Journal of Physics and Applications},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {121-126},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpa.20210905.14},
  abstract = {The surface residual stress of mechanical parts and large mechanical components has an important influence on their fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance and service life. X-ray diffraction method is used to measure the surface residual stress of steel bars and the influence of factors such as testing methods, testing equipment status and sample status on testing results is discussed in this paper. The results show that the testing parameters such as the target material, filter, diffraction angle and the minimum step shall be selected according to the material type and crystal structure under the premise of stable operation of the equipment in testing process. After that, the data treatment is under consideration. The peak determination is a very important part of data processing. The cross-correlation method is widely used because it uses all the original test data for the calculation, and the accuracy of the peak determination is high in this test. It also shows that the sampling process and specimen protection can also affect the testing results of the residual stress. The structure state of materials will have a great impact on testing results. For example, the texture will cause excessive errors of the testing results. It is recommended to understand the material properties in detail before testing so as to ensure sufficient margin when sampling, to apply the strict protection for the test surface of the sample, and to add a swing angle appropriately when the material is with texture.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method
AU  - Wu Yiwen
AU  - Li Sijin
AU  - Zhu Pei
AU  - Wang Xiaoyu
Y1  - 2021/10/15
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14
T2  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
SP  - 121
EP  - 126
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14
AB  - The surface residual stress of mechanical parts and large mechanical components has an important influence on their fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance and service life. X-ray diffraction method is used to measure the surface residual stress of steel bars and the influence of factors such as testing methods, testing equipment status and sample status on testing results is discussed in this paper. The results show that the testing parameters such as the target material, filter, diffraction angle and the minimum step shall be selected according to the material type and crystal structure under the premise of stable operation of the equipment in testing process. After that, the data treatment is under consideration. The peak determination is a very important part of data processing. The cross-correlation method is widely used because it uses all the original test data for the calculation, and the accuracy of the peak determination is high in this test. It also shows that the sampling process and specimen protection can also affect the testing results of the residual stress. The structure state of materials will have a great impact on testing results. For example, the texture will cause excessive errors of the testing results. It is recommended to understand the material properties in detail before testing so as to ensure sufficient margin when sampling, to apply the strict protection for the test surface of the sample, and to add a swing angle appropriately when the material is with texture.
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Wu Yiwen

School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
Li Sijin

Inspection Centre of Industrial Products & Raw Materials, Shanghai Customs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, China
Zhu Pei

Inspection Centre of Industrial Products & Raw Materials, Shanghai Customs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, China
Wang Xiaoyu

School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Wu Yiwen, Li Sijin, Zhu Pei, Wang Xiaoyu. (2021). Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method. American Journal of Physics and Applications, 9(5), 121-126. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14

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ACS Style

Wu Yiwen; Li Sijin; Zhu Pei; Wang Xiaoyu. Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method. Am. J. Phys. Appl. 2021, 9(5), 121-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14

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AMA Style

Wu Yiwen, Li Sijin, Zhu Pei, Wang Xiaoyu. Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method. Am J Phys Appl. 2021;9(5):121-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14,
  author = {Wu Yiwen and Li Sijin and Zhu Pei and Wang Xiaoyu},
  title = {Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method},
  journal = {American Journal of Physics and Applications},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {121-126},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpa.20210905.14},
  abstract = {The surface residual stress of mechanical parts and large mechanical components has an important influence on their fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance and service life. X-ray diffraction method is used to measure the surface residual stress of steel bars and the influence of factors such as testing methods, testing equipment status and sample status on testing results is discussed in this paper. The results show that the testing parameters such as the target material, filter, diffraction angle and the minimum step shall be selected according to the material type and crystal structure under the premise of stable operation of the equipment in testing process. After that, the data treatment is under consideration. The peak determination is a very important part of data processing. The cross-correlation method is widely used because it uses all the original test data for the calculation, and the accuracy of the peak determination is high in this test. It also shows that the sampling process and specimen protection can also affect the testing results of the residual stress. The structure state of materials will have a great impact on testing results. For example, the texture will cause excessive errors of the testing results. It is recommended to understand the material properties in detail before testing so as to ensure sufficient margin when sampling, to apply the strict protection for the test surface of the sample, and to add a swing angle appropriately when the material is with texture.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influencing Factors on Measuring Surface Residual Stress of Steel Bars by X-ray Diffraction Method
AU  - Wu Yiwen
AU  - Li Sijin
AU  - Zhu Pei
AU  - Wang Xiaoyu
Y1  - 2021/10/15
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14
T2  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
SP  - 121
EP  - 126
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.14
AB  - The surface residual stress of mechanical parts and large mechanical components has an important influence on their fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance and service life. X-ray diffraction method is used to measure the surface residual stress of steel bars and the influence of factors such as testing methods, testing equipment status and sample status on testing results is discussed in this paper. The results show that the testing parameters such as the target material, filter, diffraction angle and the minimum step shall be selected according to the material type and crystal structure under the premise of stable operation of the equipment in testing process. After that, the data treatment is under consideration. The peak determination is a very important part of data processing. The cross-correlation method is widely used because it uses all the original test data for the calculation, and the accuracy of the peak determination is high in this test. It also shows that the sampling process and specimen protection can also affect the testing results of the residual stress. The structure state of materials will have a great impact on testing results. For example, the texture will cause excessive errors of the testing results. It is recommended to understand the material properties in detail before testing so as to ensure sufficient margin when sampling, to apply the strict protection for the test surface of the sample, and to add a swing angle appropriately when the material is with texture.
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download