Flooding accounts for several natural disasters and deaths world-wide. Millions of people are exposed to floods yearly. In Nigeria, amidst several natural disasters, flooding is the most common. Climate change induced rise in sea level have increased the frequency and intensity of floods in the world. In Nigeria, the severe floods of 2012, 2018 and 2022 are typical examples. The study explored livelihood devastation and the most vulnerable group during flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Data were obtained using both primary and secondary sources. Cluster and simple random sampling techniques were adopted. The data analysis of the study revealed that women are the most vulnerable group during flooding in the study area. The study also identified that flooding has severe impact on livelihood, leading to the destruction of crops and fishes. It was thus recommended that challenges of vulnerable groups such as women and children should be addressed with priority during flood and post flood periods to enhance their capacities within the communities. Also, various subordinating rules against women in the communities, such as land rights should be investigated and stopped by the government. Government and relevant flood management agencies should provide proper social welfare for flood victims to cushion the effects of flooding. Those who are affected should be properly rehabilitated and provided with adequate relief materials.
| Published in | Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12 |
| Page(s) | 127-132 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Climate Change, Flooding, Livelihood Devastation, Vulnerable Group
| [1] | Daniel, E. E. and Udo, R. (2019). “Human-environment interactions”. In Ibok, E., Daniel, E., and Atakpa, O. (eds). The Politics of Global Environmental Policies. Calabar: University of Calabar Press. |
| [2] | Mfon, E., Oguike, M. C., Eteng, S. U. and Ndifreke Moses Etim, N. M (2022) Effects of Flooding in Nigeria. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR) Vol. 1, No. 9, 2022: 1777-17921777 (DOI: https://10.55927/eajmr.v1i9.1261). |
| [3] | Ujene, A. O. and Oguike, M. C (2020). “Mitigating buildings flood hazards through environmental sustainable road design and construction” In Umoren, V. and Aster, J. (eds), Land Use Management & Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria: Parvenu Technologies. |
| [4] | Nnodim, A. U and Ezekiel C (2020). Perceived Impact of Perennial Flooding on Livelihood Activities of Rural Dwellers of Orashi Region of Rivers State. International Journal of Innovative Human Ecology and Nature Studies 8 (2): 12-18. |
| [5] | Ani, C. N., Ezeagu, C. A., Nwaiwu, N. K and Ekenta, E. O (2020). Analysis of factors influencing flooding and vulnerability assessment of Awka and its environs. American Journal of Engineering Research, 9 (5): 34-45. |
| [6] | Eze, J. N., Vogel, C., and Ibrahim, P. A., 2018, Assessment of social vulnerability of households to floods in Niger State, Nigeria. International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 84, 22-34. doi: www.scipress.com/ILSHS.84.22. |
| [7] | Otomofa, J. O., Okafor, B. N., and Obienusi, E. A., 2015, Evaluation of the impacts of flooding on socio-economic activities in Oleh, Isoko South local government area, Delta State. Journal of Environment and Earth Science 5 (18), 155-171. |
| [8] | Yusufu, F. A (2016). An analysis of the perception of floodplain resident ‘s to the risk of flooding in Lafia Local Government Area, Nasarawa State. Nigeria. International Journal of Advances in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, 3 (1): 9-12. |
| [9] | Yoade, A. O., Adeyemi, S. A. and Adelabu, T. A. (2020). Vulnerability analysis of flood disaster in Ibadan, Nigeria. Annals of Global History, 2 (1): 27-38. |
| [10] | Odubo, T. R (2014) The Socio-Cultural Effects of Flooding in Bayelsa State: A Case Study of Southern Ijaw Local Government Area. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences: MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy, Vol 5 No 27, ISSN 2039-2117. |
| [11] | MacLeod, D. A., Dankers, R., Graham, R., Guigma, K., Jenkins, L., Todd, M. C., Kiptum, A., Kilavi, M., Njogu, A., and Mwangi, E., (2021) Drivers and subseasonal predictability of heavy rainfall in equatorial East Africa and relationship with flood risk. Journal of Hydrometeorology 22 (4), 887-903. doi: 10.1175/JHM-D-20-0211.1. |
| [12] | Echendu, A. J., (2022) Flooding, food security and the sustainable development goals in Nigeria: An assemblage and systems thinking approach. Social Sciences 11 (2), 59. doi: 10.3390/socsci11020059. |
| [13] | Nkwunonwo, U. C., 2016, A review of flooding and flood risk reduction in Nigeria. Global Journal of Human Social Science: B Geography, Geo-Sciences, Environmental Science & Disaster Management 16 (2), 23-42. |
| [14] | Echendu, A. J., (2021), Flooding in Nigeria and Ghana: Opportunities for partnerships in disaster-risk reduction. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy 18 (1), 1-15. |
| [15] | Umar, N. & Gray, A. (2023) Flooding in Nigeria: a review of its occurrence and impacts and approaches to modelling flood data, International Journal of Environmental Studies, 80: 3, 540-561, DOI: 10.1080/00207233.2022.2081471. |
| [16] | Obeta, C. M. (2014). Institutional Approach to Flood Disaster Management in Nigeria: Need for a Preparedness Plan. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 4 (33), 4575-4590. |
| [17] | Odubo, T. R. & Raimi, R. O. (2019) Resettlement and Readjustment Patterns of Rural Dwellers during and after Flooding in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. British Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 45-52, July 2019. |
| [18] | Essoh G. E, Abutu P. O (2018) Managing National Emergency in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges. Journal of Good Governance and Sustainable Development in Africa (JGGSDA), Vol. 4, No 1, April 2018. |
| [19] | Adio-Moses, R. O and Taiwo, P. A (2019) An Analysis of Emergency Preparedness and Response of Government to Disaster Risk Management in Nigeria. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, Volume 24, Issue 2, Ser. 3 (February 2019) 14-22. |
| [20] | Mmom P. C, Aifesehi P. E (2013) Impact of the 2012 flood on water quality and rural livelihood in the Orashi Province of the Niger Delta, Nigeria. J Geogr Geol 5 (3): 216-225. |
| [21] | The National Emergency Management Authority (NEMA) of Nigeria Report on the 2022 Flooding in Nigeria. |
| [22] | Ajumobi, V. E; Womboh,. S; Ezem, S. B (2023) Impacts of the 2022 Flooding on the Residents of Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Greener Journal of Environment Management and Public Safety. Vol. 11 (1), pp. 1-6, January, 2023. |
| [23] | Njoku, C. J., Effiong, J., Ayara, N (2020). A geospatial expose of flood-risk and vulnerable areas in Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research, 11 (3): 87-110. |
| [24] | Ariyabandu, M. M and Wackramasinghe, W. M. (2005), Gender Dimension in Disaster Management: A Guide for South Asia. Sri Lanka: DuryogNivaran. Ariyabandu, M. M and Wackramasinghe, W. M. (2005), Gender Dimension in Disaster Management: A Guide for South Asia. Sri Lanka: DuryogNivaran. |
| [25] | Munn, E. E. (2019), Ensuring women’s land rights in Nigeria can mitigate effects of climate change: Council on Foreign Relations Blog. https//www.cfr.org |
| [26] | Asamu, F. F., Odagwe, M. C., Bamidele, R., Ogadinmma, A. C, Igbolekwu, C. O. & Eyitayo, O. (2020). Gender issues and women’s participation in agricultural production in Warri South Local Government, Delta state, Nigeria. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Sc. 445 (1): 012049. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/445/1/012049 |
| [27] | Babatunde A. O (2020) How COVID-19 Has Strengthened the Role of Women in the Niger Delta. Centre for International Governance Innovation. South African Institute of international Affairs. Africaportal.org/features/how-co |
| [28] | Rashid S. F, Michaud S (2000): Female adolescents and their sexuality: Notions of honour, shame, purity, and pollution during the floods. Disasters; 24 (1): 54-70. CITED IN Odubo (2019). |
| [29] | Ogunlela, Y. I., &Mukhtar, A. A. (2009). Gender Issues in Agriculture and Rural Development in Nigeria: The Role of Women. Humanity & Social Sciences Journal 4 (1): 19-30, 2009 © IDOSI Publications, 2009. |
| [30] | Odubo, T. V (2019) Analysis of the Role and Participation of Rural Ijaw Women in Agriculture in Niger Delta, Nigeria. PhD Thesis, Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Pg. 159. |
| [31] | Chinwendu, O. G., Sadiku, S. O. E., Okhimamhe, A. O., and Eichie, J., 2017, Households vulnerability and adaptation to climate variability induced water stress on downstream Kaduna River Basin. American Journal of Climate Change 6 (2), 247-267. doi: 10.4236/ajcc.2017.62013. |
APA Style
Tonbra Robert Odubo. (2023). Livelihood Devastation and the Most Vulnerable Group During Flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Humanities and Social Sciences, 11(4), 127-132. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12
ACS Style
Tonbra Robert Odubo. Livelihood Devastation and the Most Vulnerable Group During Flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2023, 11(4), 127-132. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12
AMA Style
Tonbra Robert Odubo. Livelihood Devastation and the Most Vulnerable Group During Flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Humanit Soc Sci. 2023;11(4):127-132. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12,
author = {Tonbra Robert Odubo},
title = {Livelihood Devastation and the Most Vulnerable Group During Flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria},
journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
volume = {11},
number = {4},
pages = {127-132},
doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20231104.12},
abstract = {Flooding accounts for several natural disasters and deaths world-wide. Millions of people are exposed to floods yearly. In Nigeria, amidst several natural disasters, flooding is the most common. Climate change induced rise in sea level have increased the frequency and intensity of floods in the world. In Nigeria, the severe floods of 2012, 2018 and 2022 are typical examples. The study explored livelihood devastation and the most vulnerable group during flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Data were obtained using both primary and secondary sources. Cluster and simple random sampling techniques were adopted. The data analysis of the study revealed that women are the most vulnerable group during flooding in the study area. The study also identified that flooding has severe impact on livelihood, leading to the destruction of crops and fishes. It was thus recommended that challenges of vulnerable groups such as women and children should be addressed with priority during flood and post flood periods to enhance their capacities within the communities. Also, various subordinating rules against women in the communities, such as land rights should be investigated and stopped by the government. Government and relevant flood management agencies should provide proper social welfare for flood victims to cushion the effects of flooding. Those who are affected should be properly rehabilitated and provided with adequate relief materials.},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Livelihood Devastation and the Most Vulnerable Group During Flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria AU - Tonbra Robert Odubo Y1 - 2023/07/11 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12 DO - 10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12 T2 - Humanities and Social Sciences JF - Humanities and Social Sciences JO - Humanities and Social Sciences SP - 127 EP - 132 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8184 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20231104.12 AB - Flooding accounts for several natural disasters and deaths world-wide. Millions of people are exposed to floods yearly. In Nigeria, amidst several natural disasters, flooding is the most common. Climate change induced rise in sea level have increased the frequency and intensity of floods in the world. In Nigeria, the severe floods of 2012, 2018 and 2022 are typical examples. The study explored livelihood devastation and the most vulnerable group during flooding in Southern Ijaw Local Government of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Data were obtained using both primary and secondary sources. Cluster and simple random sampling techniques were adopted. The data analysis of the study revealed that women are the most vulnerable group during flooding in the study area. The study also identified that flooding has severe impact on livelihood, leading to the destruction of crops and fishes. It was thus recommended that challenges of vulnerable groups such as women and children should be addressed with priority during flood and post flood periods to enhance their capacities within the communities. Also, various subordinating rules against women in the communities, such as land rights should be investigated and stopped by the government. Government and relevant flood management agencies should provide proper social welfare for flood victims to cushion the effects of flooding. Those who are affected should be properly rehabilitated and provided with adequate relief materials. VL - 11 IS - 4 ER -
Information
Email: