A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study

Eyad Alkhoudary

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12

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A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study

Eyad Alkhoudary

Published in International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 28 January 2023 Accepted: 20 March 2023 Published: 27 April 2023

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Abstract

This paper provides a perspective on protective system at 22kV overhead feeders in Gaza distribution network using symmetrical components method and ETAP software. Electrical disturbances from high rate of outage feeders at the 22 kV overhead power lines frequently cause disruptions on the generating plant and customer loads. One sub-transmission feeder from a parallel set of ten 22 KV feeders (140 MW) in the Gaza west substation is selected as a case study in this research. Because the protection system lacks a data fault recorder (DFR), the paper calculates the fault currents at both the nearest substation bus and the last bus in the distributed feeder using the symmetrical components method and verifies the results by using ETAP software simulation. The results from calculating the minimum fault at the last bus indicated that the current protective parameters are reasonable and satisfied for detecting and interrupting the occurring faults. This author paper proposes increasing the fault clearing time at farthest feeder bus to make protective functions less sensitive by adjusting TMS to 0.08 for time overcurrent and earth fault and setting pickup level to 3.8 for instantaneously overcurrent. The design model is run on the selected feeder, and simulation results guarantee the proposed model's accurate performance for both overcurrent and earth faults after changing the fault clearing time. There will be no miscoordination of protective devices or operational risks while running the design model for the selected feeder with new settings. Gaza's distribution feeder network requires structural improvements to become more reliable and to reduce the high rate of feeder trip, and practical recommendations to improve current installation distribution grid are included in this paper.

Published in	International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12
Page(s)	7-16
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Protection System, Electrical Faults, Short-Circuit Analysis, Clearing Fault Time, Sequences Components, Power Distribution System, Overhead Power Lines, ETAP

References

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[3]	Protective Relaying Principles and Applications, J. Lewis Blackburn & Tomas J. Domin, 4th Ed, CRC Press, © 2014.
[4]	J. P. Nelson and S. Panetta, "High Resistance Grounding Analysis Using Symmetrical Components," 2019 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica, Abuja, Nigeria, 2019, pp. 445-451, doi: 10.1109/PowerAfrica.2019.8928848.
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[8]	T. S. Aghdam, H. Kazemi Karegar and H. H. Zeineldin, "Variable Tripping Time Differential Protection for Microgrids Considering DG Stability," in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 2407-2415, May 2019, doi: 10.1109/TSG.2018.2797367.
[9]	J. Lewis Blackburn & Tomas J. Domin, Protective Relaying Principles and Applications, 4th Ed, CRC Press, © 2014.
[10]	J. J. Grainger, W. D. Stevenson, and G. W. Chang, Power System Analysis, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, USA, 2^nd edition, 2016.
[11]	Dev Paul, Eyad A. Khoudary, John Nelson “High-Resistance Grounding Protection Scheme of 11 kV Generating Plant, 2018 IEEE/IAS 54th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS), Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.
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[17]	S. Zubic, Z. Gajic and D. Kralj, "Line Protection Operate Time: How Fast Shall It Be?," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 75608-75616, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3081993.
[18]	ABB, “ABB Distribution Automation Handbook”, 2011, available online” https://library.e.abb.com/public/eccfd9ab4d23ca1dc125795f0042c8db/DAHandbook_Section_08p02_Relay_Coordination_757285_ENa.pdf
[19]	M. F. Kotb, M. El-Saadawi and E. H. El-Desouky, "Protection Coordination Optimization for FREEDM (Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management) System," Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 6, pp. 161- 176, 2018.
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APA Style

Eyad Alkhoudary. (2023). A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study. International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, 8(1), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12

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ACS Style

Eyad Alkhoudary. A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study. Int. J. Ind. Manuf. Syst. Eng. 2023, 8(1), 7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12

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AMA Style

Eyad Alkhoudary. A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study. Int J Ind Manuf Syst Eng. 2023;8(1):7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12,
  author = {Eyad Alkhoudary},
  title = {A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study},
  journal = {International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijimse.20230801.12},
  abstract = {This paper provides a perspective on protective system at 22kV overhead feeders in Gaza distribution network using symmetrical components method and ETAP software. Electrical disturbances from high rate of outage feeders at the 22 kV overhead power lines frequently cause disruptions on the generating plant and customer loads. One sub-transmission feeder from a parallel set of ten 22 KV feeders (140 MW) in the Gaza west substation is selected as a case study in this research. Because the protection system lacks a data fault recorder (DFR), the paper calculates the fault currents at both the nearest substation bus and the last bus in the distributed feeder using the symmetrical components method and verifies the results by using ETAP software simulation. The results from calculating the minimum fault at the last bus indicated that the current protective parameters are reasonable and satisfied for detecting and interrupting the occurring faults. This author paper proposes increasing the fault clearing time at farthest feeder bus to make protective functions less sensitive by adjusting TMS to 0.08 for time overcurrent and earth fault and setting pickup level to 3.8 for instantaneously overcurrent. The design model is run on the selected feeder, and simulation results guarantee the proposed model's accurate performance for both overcurrent and earth faults after changing the fault clearing time. There will be no miscoordination of protective devices or operational risks while running the design model for the selected feeder with new settings. Gaza's distribution feeder network requires structural improvements to become more reliable and to reduce the high rate of feeder trip, and practical recommendations to improve current installation distribution grid are included in this paper.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study
AU  - Eyad Alkhoudary
Y1  - 2023/04/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12
T2  - International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
SP  - 7
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3142
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12
AB  - This paper provides a perspective on protective system at 22kV overhead feeders in Gaza distribution network using symmetrical components method and ETAP software. Electrical disturbances from high rate of outage feeders at the 22 kV overhead power lines frequently cause disruptions on the generating plant and customer loads. One sub-transmission feeder from a parallel set of ten 22 KV feeders (140 MW) in the Gaza west substation is selected as a case study in this research. Because the protection system lacks a data fault recorder (DFR), the paper calculates the fault currents at both the nearest substation bus and the last bus in the distributed feeder using the symmetrical components method and verifies the results by using ETAP software simulation. The results from calculating the minimum fault at the last bus indicated that the current protective parameters are reasonable and satisfied for detecting and interrupting the occurring faults. This author paper proposes increasing the fault clearing time at farthest feeder bus to make protective functions less sensitive by adjusting TMS to 0.08 for time overcurrent and earth fault and setting pickup level to 3.8 for instantaneously overcurrent. The design model is run on the selected feeder, and simulation results guarantee the proposed model's accurate performance for both overcurrent and earth faults after changing the fault clearing time. There will be no miscoordination of protective devices or operational risks while running the design model for the selected feeder with new settings. Gaza's distribution feeder network requires structural improvements to become more reliable and to reduce the high rate of feeder trip, and practical recommendations to improve current installation distribution grid are included in this paper.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Eyad Alkhoudary

Gaza Power Generating Company, Gaza Strip, Palestine

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Eyad Alkhoudary. (2023). A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study. International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, 8(1), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12

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ACS Style

Eyad Alkhoudary. A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study. Int. J. Ind. Manuf. Syst. Eng. 2023, 8(1), 7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12

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AMA Style

Eyad Alkhoudary. A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study. Int J Ind Manuf Syst Eng. 2023;8(1):7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12,
  author = {Eyad Alkhoudary},
  title = {A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study},
  journal = {International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijimse.20230801.12},
  abstract = {This paper provides a perspective on protective system at 22kV overhead feeders in Gaza distribution network using symmetrical components method and ETAP software. Electrical disturbances from high rate of outage feeders at the 22 kV overhead power lines frequently cause disruptions on the generating plant and customer loads. One sub-transmission feeder from a parallel set of ten 22 KV feeders (140 MW) in the Gaza west substation is selected as a case study in this research. Because the protection system lacks a data fault recorder (DFR), the paper calculates the fault currents at both the nearest substation bus and the last bus in the distributed feeder using the symmetrical components method and verifies the results by using ETAP software simulation. The results from calculating the minimum fault at the last bus indicated that the current protective parameters are reasonable and satisfied for detecting and interrupting the occurring faults. This author paper proposes increasing the fault clearing time at farthest feeder bus to make protective functions less sensitive by adjusting TMS to 0.08 for time overcurrent and earth fault and setting pickup level to 3.8 for instantaneously overcurrent. The design model is run on the selected feeder, and simulation results guarantee the proposed model's accurate performance for both overcurrent and earth faults after changing the fault clearing time. There will be no miscoordination of protective devices or operational risks while running the design model for the selected feeder with new settings. Gaza's distribution feeder network requires structural improvements to become more reliable and to reduce the high rate of feeder trip, and practical recommendations to improve current installation distribution grid are included in this paper.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Comprehensive Review on Distributed Feeder Protection Problems in the Gaza Strip 22/0.4 kV Overhead Power Distribution System – A Case Study
AU  - Eyad Alkhoudary
Y1  - 2023/04/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12
T2  - International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
SP  - 7
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3142
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijimse.20230801.12
AB  - This paper provides a perspective on protective system at 22kV overhead feeders in Gaza distribution network using symmetrical components method and ETAP software. Electrical disturbances from high rate of outage feeders at the 22 kV overhead power lines frequently cause disruptions on the generating plant and customer loads. One sub-transmission feeder from a parallel set of ten 22 KV feeders (140 MW) in the Gaza west substation is selected as a case study in this research. Because the protection system lacks a data fault recorder (DFR), the paper calculates the fault currents at both the nearest substation bus and the last bus in the distributed feeder using the symmetrical components method and verifies the results by using ETAP software simulation. The results from calculating the minimum fault at the last bus indicated that the current protective parameters are reasonable and satisfied for detecting and interrupting the occurring faults. This author paper proposes increasing the fault clearing time at farthest feeder bus to make protective functions less sensitive by adjusting TMS to 0.08 for time overcurrent and earth fault and setting pickup level to 3.8 for instantaneously overcurrent. The design model is run on the selected feeder, and simulation results guarantee the proposed model's accurate performance for both overcurrent and earth faults after changing the fault clearing time. There will be no miscoordination of protective devices or operational risks while running the design model for the selected feeder with new settings. Gaza's distribution feeder network requires structural improvements to become more reliable and to reduce the high rate of feeder trip, and practical recommendations to improve current installation distribution grid are included in this paper.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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