Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells

Pu Jiujun; Wang Zhiming; Ma Xiankun; Zhang Hongdian

doi:doi:10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15

| Peer-Reviewed

Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells

Pu Jiujun, Wang Zhiming, Ma Xiankun, Zhang Hongdian

Published in Rehabilitation Science (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 9 December 2021 Accepted: 15 December 2021 Published: 20 December 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Objective to investigate the directed differentiation of human umbilical cord stromal-derived stem cells into neural cells. Methods: (1) Human umbilical cord stromal cells (HUMSC-NSCs) were induced to differentiate from primary human umbilical cord stromal cells, and two different methods were used to induce differentiation to neural cells, which were observed under electron microscope. (2) The neural cells induced to differentiate by different induction methods were identified by morphological differences, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Results: (1) Some of the suspended NSCs started to adhere to the wall 48-72 h after the addition of the inducer, and elongated protrusions could be seen in 5-7 days with the neurosphere as the center, and cells gradually migrated outward from the neurosphere. 10 days later, several cells with different morphologies could be seen. Some of the cells had increased refractive index and the length of the protrusions increased, showing bipolar growth. In some cases, the protrusions were short and dense, centered on the cytosol, and protruding in a discrete manner. Under electron microscopy, the neurospheres consisted of multiple clonal clusters and two different morphologies of cells, shaped like neurons and astrocytes, could be clearly observed. The number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased in the group with the addition of BDNF.(2) Before induction, 84.5 ± 1.6% and 88.62 ± 1.1% of HUMSC-NSCs expressed stem cell-specific markers: Stro-1 and nestin; neurospheres still expressed 62.7 ± 3.9% of HUMSC-NSCs positive for nestin after 5 d of culture in neuronal cell induction medium. After 10 days of induction, the percentage of immunohistochemically positive stained cells was counted. With the BDMF induction protocol, 38.6 ± 2.9% and 8 ± 1.9% Hoechst33342 positive cells expressed immature (β-tubulin III) and mature (MAP2ab) neuronal cell markers, respectively. Also, 15.8 ± 4.5% and 20.6 ± 4.6% of Hoechst33342-positive cells expressed GFAP (astrocyte marker) and GalC (oligodendrocyte marker). Comparison using a paired t-test revealed that the percentage of β-tubulin III (P<0.001) and MAP2ab (P<0.05) positive cells was significantly higher in the BDNF-induced group than in the general induction group. Western blot results confirmed the immunohistochemical data. Conclusion: After adding BDNF to induce differentiation in the culture group, the number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased, which could promote the induced differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived neural stem cells into neuronal cells.

Published in	Rehabilitation Science (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15
Page(s)	83-87
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Human Umbilical Cord Stromal Cells, Neuronal Cells, Directed Differentiation

References

[1]	Lam M, Sanosaka T, Lundin A, Imaizumi K, Etal D, Karlsson FH, et al. Single-cell study of neural stem cells derived from human ipscs reveals distinct progenitor populations with neurogenic and gliogenic potential. Genes Cells. 2019; 24: 836-847.
[2]	Khacho M, Harris R, Slack RS. Mitochondria as central regulators of neural stem cell fate and cognitive function. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2019; 20: 34-48.
[3]	Chrostek MR, Fellows EG, Crane AT, Grande AW, Low WC. Efficacy of stem cell-based therapies for stroke. Brain Res. 2019; 1722: 146362.
[4]	Langlois JA, Rutland-Brown W, Wald MM. The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: A brief overview. J. Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006; 21: 375-378.
[5]	Ma IT, Symon MR, Bristol RE, Beals SP, Joganic EF, Adelson PD, et al. Outcomes of titanium mesh cranioplasty in pediatric patients. J. Craniofac. Surg. 2018; 29: 99-104.
[6]	De Gioia R, Biella F, Citterio G, Rizzo F, Abati E, Nizzardo M, et al. Neural stem cell transplantation for neurodegenerative diseases. International journal of molecular sciences. 2020; 21.
[7]	Lippert T, Gelineau L, Napoli E, Borlongan CV. Harnessing neural stem cells for treating psychiatric symptoms associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and epilepsy. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry. 2018; 80: 10-22.
[8]	Zhu Y, Uezono N, Yasui T, Nakashima K. Neural stem cell therapy aiming at better functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Dev. Dyn. 2018; 247: 75-84.
[9]	Assinck P, Duncan GJ, Hilton BJ, Plemel JR, Tetzlaff W. Cell transplantation therapy for spinal cord injury. Nat. Neurosci. 2017; 20: 637-647.
[10]	Gao L, Xu W, Li T, Chen J, Shao A, Yan F, et al. Stem cell therapy: A promising therapeutic method for intracerebral hemorrhage. Cell Transplant. 2018; 27: 1809-1824.
[11]	Andreotti JP, Silva WN, Costa AC, Picoli CC, Bitencourt FCO, Coimbra-Campos LMC, et al. Neural stem cell niche heterogeneity. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 2019; 95: 42-53.
[12]	Grochowski C, Radzikowska E, Maciejewski R. Neural stem cell therapy-brief review. Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg. 2018; 173: 8-14.
[13]	Boese AC, Hamblin MH, Lee JP. Neural stem cell therapy for neurovascular injury in alzheimer's disease. Exp. Neurol. 2020; 324: 113112.
[14]	Sugaya K, Vaidya M. Stem cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2018; 1056: 61-84.
[15]	Mirzadeh Z, Merkle FT, Soriano-Navarro M, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Alvarez-Buylla A. Neural stem cells confer unique pinwheel architecture to the ventricular surface in neurogenic regions of the adult brain. Cell stem cell. 2008; 3: 265-278.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Pu Jiujun, Wang Zhiming, Ma Xiankun, Zhang Hongdian. (2021). Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells. Rehabilitation Science, 6(4), 83-87. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Pu Jiujun; Wang Zhiming; Ma Xiankun; Zhang Hongdian. Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells. Rehabil. Sci. 2021, 6(4), 83-87. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Pu Jiujun, Wang Zhiming, Ma Xiankun, Zhang Hongdian. Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells. Rehabil Sci. 2021;6(4):83-87. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15,
  author = {Pu Jiujun and Wang Zhiming and Ma Xiankun and Zhang Hongdian},
  title = {Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells},
  journal = {Rehabilitation Science},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {83-87},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rs.20210604.15},
  abstract = {Objective to investigate the directed differentiation of human umbilical cord stromal-derived stem cells into neural cells. Methods: (1) Human umbilical cord stromal cells (HUMSC-NSCs) were induced to differentiate from primary human umbilical cord stromal cells, and two different methods were used to induce differentiation to neural cells, which were observed under electron microscope. (2) The neural cells induced to differentiate by different induction methods were identified by morphological differences, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Results: (1) Some of the suspended NSCs started to adhere to the wall 48-72 h after the addition of the inducer, and elongated protrusions could be seen in 5-7 days with the neurosphere as the center, and cells gradually migrated outward from the neurosphere. 10 days later, several cells with different morphologies could be seen. Some of the cells had increased refractive index and the length of the protrusions increased, showing bipolar growth. In some cases, the protrusions were short and dense, centered on the cytosol, and protruding in a discrete manner. Under electron microscopy, the neurospheres consisted of multiple clonal clusters and two different morphologies of cells, shaped like neurons and astrocytes, could be clearly observed. The number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased in the group with the addition of BDNF.(2) Before induction, 84.5 ± 1.6% and 88.62 ± 1.1% of HUMSC-NSCs expressed stem cell-specific markers: Stro-1 and nestin; neurospheres still expressed 62.7 ± 3.9% of HUMSC-NSCs positive for nestin after 5 d of culture in neuronal cell induction medium. After 10 days of induction, the percentage of immunohistochemically positive stained cells was counted. With the BDMF induction protocol, 38.6 ± 2.9% and 8 ± 1.9% Hoechst33342 positive cells expressed immature (β-tubulin III) and mature (MAP2ab) neuronal cell markers, respectively. Also, 15.8 ± 4.5% and 20.6 ± 4.6% of Hoechst33342-positive cells expressed GFAP (astrocyte marker) and GalC (oligodendrocyte marker). Comparison using a paired t-test revealed that the percentage of β-tubulin III (P<0.001) and MAP2ab (P<0.05) positive cells was significantly higher in the BDNF-induced group than in the general induction group. Western blot results confirmed the immunohistochemical data. Conclusion: After adding BDNF to induce differentiation in the culture group, the number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased, which could promote the induced differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived neural stem cells into neuronal cells.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells
AU  - Pu Jiujun
AU  - Wang Zhiming
AU  - Ma Xiankun
AU  - Zhang Hongdian
Y1  - 2021/12/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15
T2  - Rehabilitation Science
JF  - Rehabilitation Science
JO  - Rehabilitation Science
SP  - 83
EP  - 87
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-594X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15
AB  - Objective to investigate the directed differentiation of human umbilical cord stromal-derived stem cells into neural cells. Methods: (1) Human umbilical cord stromal cells (HUMSC-NSCs) were induced to differentiate from primary human umbilical cord stromal cells, and two different methods were used to induce differentiation to neural cells, which were observed under electron microscope. (2) The neural cells induced to differentiate by different induction methods were identified by morphological differences, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Results: (1) Some of the suspended NSCs started to adhere to the wall 48-72 h after the addition of the inducer, and elongated protrusions could be seen in 5-7 days with the neurosphere as the center, and cells gradually migrated outward from the neurosphere. 10 days later, several cells with different morphologies could be seen. Some of the cells had increased refractive index and the length of the protrusions increased, showing bipolar growth. In some cases, the protrusions were short and dense, centered on the cytosol, and protruding in a discrete manner. Under electron microscopy, the neurospheres consisted of multiple clonal clusters and two different morphologies of cells, shaped like neurons and astrocytes, could be clearly observed. The number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased in the group with the addition of BDNF.(2) Before induction, 84.5 ± 1.6% and 88.62 ± 1.1% of HUMSC-NSCs expressed stem cell-specific markers: Stro-1 and nestin; neurospheres still expressed 62.7 ± 3.9% of HUMSC-NSCs positive for nestin after 5 d of culture in neuronal cell induction medium. After 10 days of induction, the percentage of immunohistochemically positive stained cells was counted. With the BDMF induction protocol, 38.6 ± 2.9% and 8 ± 1.9% Hoechst33342 positive cells expressed immature (β-tubulin III) and mature (MAP2ab) neuronal cell markers, respectively. Also, 15.8 ± 4.5% and 20.6 ± 4.6% of Hoechst33342-positive cells expressed GFAP (astrocyte marker) and GalC (oligodendrocyte marker). Comparison using a paired t-test revealed that the percentage of β-tubulin III (P<0.001) and MAP2ab (P<0.05) positive cells was significantly higher in the BDNF-induced group than in the general induction group. Western blot results confirmed the immunohistochemical data. Conclusion: After adding BDNF to induce differentiation in the culture group, the number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased, which could promote the induced differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived neural stem cells into neuronal cells.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Pu Jiujun

Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China
Wang Zhiming

Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China
Ma Xiankun

Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China
Zhang Hongdian

Neurosurgery Department, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Pu Jiujun, Wang Zhiming, Ma Xiankun, Zhang Hongdian. (2021). Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells. Rehabilitation Science, 6(4), 83-87. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Pu Jiujun; Wang Zhiming; Ma Xiankun; Zhang Hongdian. Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells. Rehabil. Sci. 2021, 6(4), 83-87. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Pu Jiujun, Wang Zhiming, Ma Xiankun, Zhang Hongdian. Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells. Rehabil Sci. 2021;6(4):83-87. doi: 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15,
  author = {Pu Jiujun and Wang Zhiming and Ma Xiankun and Zhang Hongdian},
  title = {Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells},
  journal = {Rehabilitation Science},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {83-87},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rs.20210604.15},
  abstract = {Objective to investigate the directed differentiation of human umbilical cord stromal-derived stem cells into neural cells. Methods: (1) Human umbilical cord stromal cells (HUMSC-NSCs) were induced to differentiate from primary human umbilical cord stromal cells, and two different methods were used to induce differentiation to neural cells, which were observed under electron microscope. (2) The neural cells induced to differentiate by different induction methods were identified by morphological differences, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Results: (1) Some of the suspended NSCs started to adhere to the wall 48-72 h after the addition of the inducer, and elongated protrusions could be seen in 5-7 days with the neurosphere as the center, and cells gradually migrated outward from the neurosphere. 10 days later, several cells with different morphologies could be seen. Some of the cells had increased refractive index and the length of the protrusions increased, showing bipolar growth. In some cases, the protrusions were short and dense, centered on the cytosol, and protruding in a discrete manner. Under electron microscopy, the neurospheres consisted of multiple clonal clusters and two different morphologies of cells, shaped like neurons and astrocytes, could be clearly observed. The number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased in the group with the addition of BDNF.(2) Before induction, 84.5 ± 1.6% and 88.62 ± 1.1% of HUMSC-NSCs expressed stem cell-specific markers: Stro-1 and nestin; neurospheres still expressed 62.7 ± 3.9% of HUMSC-NSCs positive for nestin after 5 d of culture in neuronal cell induction medium. After 10 days of induction, the percentage of immunohistochemically positive stained cells was counted. With the BDMF induction protocol, 38.6 ± 2.9% and 8 ± 1.9% Hoechst33342 positive cells expressed immature (β-tubulin III) and mature (MAP2ab) neuronal cell markers, respectively. Also, 15.8 ± 4.5% and 20.6 ± 4.6% of Hoechst33342-positive cells expressed GFAP (astrocyte marker) and GalC (oligodendrocyte marker). Comparison using a paired t-test revealed that the percentage of β-tubulin III (P<0.001) and MAP2ab (P<0.05) positive cells was significantly higher in the BDNF-induced group than in the general induction group. Western blot results confirmed the immunohistochemical data. Conclusion: After adding BDNF to induce differentiation in the culture group, the number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased, which could promote the induced differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived neural stem cells into neuronal cells.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Directed Differentiation of Neural Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Stroma-derived Neural Stem Cells
AU  - Pu Jiujun
AU  - Wang Zhiming
AU  - Ma Xiankun
AU  - Zhang Hongdian
Y1  - 2021/12/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15
T2  - Rehabilitation Science
JF  - Rehabilitation Science
JO  - Rehabilitation Science
SP  - 83
EP  - 87
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-594X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rs.20210604.15
AB  - Objective to investigate the directed differentiation of human umbilical cord stromal-derived stem cells into neural cells. Methods: (1) Human umbilical cord stromal cells (HUMSC-NSCs) were induced to differentiate from primary human umbilical cord stromal cells, and two different methods were used to induce differentiation to neural cells, which were observed under electron microscope. (2) The neural cells induced to differentiate by different induction methods were identified by morphological differences, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Results: (1) Some of the suspended NSCs started to adhere to the wall 48-72 h after the addition of the inducer, and elongated protrusions could be seen in 5-7 days with the neurosphere as the center, and cells gradually migrated outward from the neurosphere. 10 days later, several cells with different morphologies could be seen. Some of the cells had increased refractive index and the length of the protrusions increased, showing bipolar growth. In some cases, the protrusions were short and dense, centered on the cytosol, and protruding in a discrete manner. Under electron microscopy, the neurospheres consisted of multiple clonal clusters and two different morphologies of cells, shaped like neurons and astrocytes, could be clearly observed. The number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased in the group with the addition of BDNF.(2) Before induction, 84.5 ± 1.6% and 88.62 ± 1.1% of HUMSC-NSCs expressed stem cell-specific markers: Stro-1 and nestin; neurospheres still expressed 62.7 ± 3.9% of HUMSC-NSCs positive for nestin after 5 d of culture in neuronal cell induction medium. After 10 days of induction, the percentage of immunohistochemically positive stained cells was counted. With the BDMF induction protocol, 38.6 ± 2.9% and 8 ± 1.9% Hoechst33342 positive cells expressed immature (β-tubulin III) and mature (MAP2ab) neuronal cell markers, respectively. Also, 15.8 ± 4.5% and 20.6 ± 4.6% of Hoechst33342-positive cells expressed GFAP (astrocyte marker) and GalC (oligodendrocyte marker). Comparison using a paired t-test revealed that the percentage of β-tubulin III (P<0.001) and MAP2ab (P<0.05) positive cells was significantly higher in the BDNF-induced group than in the general induction group. Western blot results confirmed the immunohistochemical data. Conclusion: After adding BDNF to induce differentiation in the culture group, the number of bipolar neurons was significantly increased, which could promote the induced differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived neural stem cells into neuronal cells.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download