Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu; Felicitas U. Idigo; Mark C. Okeji

doi:doi:10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu, Felicitas U. Idigo, Mark C. Okeji

Published in Radiation Science and Technology (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 11 February 2017 Accepted: 22 February 2017 Published: 24 March 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Total intra-cranial volume (TIV) of the Igbo population of Nigeria was carried out using stereology technique. A total of 329 adult subjects of Igbo ethnic group with no cranial and brain abnormalities aged between 18 and 87 years were enlisted into the study (males: 193 and females: 136). They were scanned with a helical dual detector (GE Hi-Speed NX/i Series 8.1). Images were obtained with a slice thickness of 3 mm from the base of the skull to the vertex. Employing the Cavalieri’s sections method with point counting, a grid with a separation distance of 2.4cm was superimposed on the sampled image sections to calculate the TIV of each subject. The mean TIV of males and females were 1298.44 ± 90.67 cm³ and 1186.73 ± 79.05 cm^{3<8sup> respectively. A comparison of the mean TIV from our study and other studies in other populations showed mild to moderate variation in values which probably due to differences geographical location and race. There was significant difference (p< 0.05) in the value of TIV in the Igbo population when compared with some other populations such as Turkey using the same methodology. Total intra-cranial volume estimate can be applied in forensic investigations to differentiate various ethnic nationalities, in addition to clinical assessment in quantitative imaging to assess disease progression.}

Published in	Radiation Science and Technology (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11
Page(s)	8-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Total Intracranial Volume, Computed Tomography, Stereology, Igbo Race, Nigeria

References

[1]	Whitwell JL, Crum WR, Watt HC, Fox NC. Normalization of Cerebral Volumes by Use of Intracranial Volume: Implications for Longitudinal Quantitative MR Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001; 22 (8): 1483–9.
[2]	Odokuma EI, Akpuaka FC, Igbigbi PS, Otuaga PO, Ejebe D. Patterns of cephalic indexes in three West African populations. African Journal of Biotechnology 2012; 9 (11): 1658–62.
[3]	Haack DC, Meihoff EC. A method for estimation of cranial capacity from cephalometric roentgenograms. Am J Phys Anthropol 1971; 34 (3): 447–52.
[4]	Golalipour M, Jahanshahi M, Haidari K. Estimation of Cranial Capacity in 17-20 Years Old in South East of Caspian Sea Border (North of Iran). Int J Morphol 2005; 23 (4): 301–4.
[5]	Tan Q-F, Yu Q, Gao S, Huang F-J. Comparative study for the methods on measuring intracranial hemorrhage volume. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006; 22 (5): 335–7.
[6]	Sgouros S. Skull vault growth in craniosynostosis. Child’s Nervous System 2005; 21 (10): 861–70.
[7]	Lyden PD, Zweifler R, Mahdavi Z, Lonzo L. A rapid, reliable, and valid method for measuring infarct and brain compartment volumes from computed tomographic scans. Stroke 1994; 25 (12): 2421–8.
[8]	Jack CR, Petersen RC, O’Brien PC, Tangalos EG. MR-based hippocampal volumetry in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurol 1992; 42 (1): 183–183.
[9]	Roberts N, Puddephat MJ, McNulty V. The benefit of stereology for quantitative radiology. Br J Radiol 2000; 73 (871): 679–97.
[10]	West MJ. Introduction to Stereology. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2012; 2012 (8):pdb.top070623.
[11]	Garba AU, Shapu SH, Garba MA, Muhammad AM, Maina MB, Yaro AU, et al. Assessments of Cranial Capacities in a North-Eastern Adult Nigerian Population. Journal of Applied Sciences 2011; 11: 2662–5.
[12]	Manjunath KY. Estimation of Cranial Volume - An Overview of Methodologies. Journal of Anatomical Society of India 2002; 51 (1): 85–9.
[13]	Hwang YI, Lee KH, Choi BY, Lee KS, Lee HY, Sir WS, et al. Study on the Korean adult cranial capacity. J Korean Med Sci 1995; 10 (4): 239–42.
[14]	Sahin, Acer N, Sonmez OF, Emirzeoglu M, Basaloglu H, Uzun A, et al. Comparison of four methods for the estimation of intracranial volume: a gold standard study. Clinical Anatomy 2007; 20 (7): 766–73.
[15]	Mazonakis M, Karampekios S, Damilakis J, Voloudaki A, Gourtsoyiannis N. Stereological estimation of total intracranial volume on CT images. Eur Radiol 2004; 14 (7): 1285–90.
[16]	Acer N, Sahin B, Bas O, Ertekin T, Usanmaz M. Comparison of three methods for the estimation of total intracranial volume: stereologic, planimetric, and anthropometric approaches. 2007; 58 (1): 48.
[17]	Moore KL, Dalley AF. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 5th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006.
[18]	Sadakat A, Sinha AP, Jethani SL, Rohatgi RK, Anamika K. Study of Cranial Capacity of Adult North Indian Human Skulls & its Sexual Dimorphism. International Journal of Scientific Study 2014; 1 (5): 29–31.
[19]	Rushton JP, Osborne RT. Genetic and environmental contributions to cranial capacity in Black and White adolescents. Intelligence 1995; 20 (1): 1–13.
[20]	Ertekin T, Acer N, Turgut AT, Aycan K, Özçelik Ö, Turgut M. Comparison of three methods for the estimation of the pituitary gland volume using magnetic resonance imaging: a stereological study. Pituitary 2011; 14 (1): 31–8.
[21]	Free SL, Bergin PS, Fish DR, Cook MJ, Shorvon SD, Stevens JM. Methods for normalization of hippocampal volumes measured with MR. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995; 16: 637–64.
[22]	Fox NC, Freeborough PA, Rossor MN. Visualisation and quantiﬁcation of rates of atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet 1996; 348: 94-7.
[23]	Simon JH, Jacobs LD, Campion MK. A longitudinal study of brain atrophy in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Neurol 1999; 53: 139–48.
[24]	Ge Y, Grossman RI, Udupa JK. Brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: longitudinal quantitative analysis. Radiology 2000; 214: 665–70.
[25]	Freeborough PA, Woods RP, Fox NC. Accurate registration ofserial 3D MR brain images and its application to visualizingchange in neurodegenerative disorders. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1996; 1996: 1012–22.
[26]	Blatter DD, Bigler ED, Gale SD. Quantitative volumetric analysis of brain MR: normative database spanning 5 decades of life. Neuroradiol 1995; 16: 241–5.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu, Felicitas U. Idigo, Mark C. Okeji. (2017). Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography. Radiation Science and Technology, 3(2), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu; Felicitas U. Idigo; Mark C. Okeji. Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography. Radiat. Sci. Technol. 2017, 3(2), 8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu, Felicitas U. Idigo, Mark C. Okeji. Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography. Radiat Sci Technol. 2017;3(2):8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11,
  author = {Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu and Felicitas U. Idigo and Mark C. Okeji},
  title = {Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography},
  journal = {Radiation Science and Technology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {8-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rst.20170302.11},
  abstract = {Total intra-cranial volume (TIV) of the Igbo population of Nigeria was carried out using stereology technique. A total of 329 adult subjects of Igbo ethnic group with no cranial and brain abnormalities aged between 18 and 87 years were enlisted into the study (males: 193 and females: 136). They were scanned with a helical dual detector (GE Hi-Speed NX/i Series 8.1). Images were obtained with a slice thickness of 3 mm from the base of the skull to the vertex. Employing the Cavalieri’s sections method with point counting, a grid with a separation distance of 2.4cm was superimposed on the sampled image sections to calculate the TIV of each subject. The mean TIV of males and females were 1298.44 ± 90.67 cm3 and 1186.73 ± 79.05 cm3 respectively. A comparison of the mean TIV from our study and other studies in other populations showed mild to moderate variation in values which probably due to differences geographical location and race. There was significant difference (p< 0.05) in the value of TIV in the Igbo population when compared with some other populations such as Turkey using the same methodology. Total intra-cranial volume estimate can be applied in forensic investigations to differentiate various ethnic nationalities, in addition to clinical assessment in quantitative imaging to assess disease progression.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography
AU - Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu
AU - Felicitas U. Idigo
AU - Mark C. Okeji
Y1 - 2017/03/24
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11
DO - 10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11
T2 - Radiation Science and Technology
JF - Radiation Science and Technology
JO - Radiation Science and Technology
SP - 8
EP - 12
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5943
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11
AB - Total intra-cranial volume (TIV) of the Igbo population of Nigeria was carried out using stereology technique. A total of 329 adult subjects of Igbo ethnic group with no cranial and brain abnormalities aged between 18 and 87 years were enlisted into the study (males: 193 and females: 136). They were scanned with a helical dual detector (GE Hi-Speed NX/i Series 8.1). Images were obtained with a slice thickness of 3 mm from the base of the skull to the vertex. Employing the Cavalieri’s sections method with point counting, a grid with a separation distance of 2.4cm was superimposed on the sampled image sections to calculate the TIV of each subject. The mean TIV of males and females were 1298.44 ± 90.67 cm3 and 1186.73 ± 79.05 cm3 respectively. A comparison of the mean TIV from our study and other studies in other populations showed mild to moderate variation in values which probably due to differences geographical location and race. There was significant difference (p< 0.05) in the value of TIV in the Igbo population when compared with some other populations such as Turkey using the same methodology. Total intra-cranial volume estimate can be applied in forensic investigations to differentiate various ethnic nationalities, in addition to clinical assessment in quantitative imaging to assess disease progression.
VL - 3
IS - 2
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu

Department of Medical Radiography & Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
Felicitas U. Idigo

Department of Medical Radiography & Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
Mark C. Okeji

Department of Medical Radiography & Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu, Felicitas U. Idigo, Mark C. Okeji. (2017). Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography. Radiation Science and Technology, 3(2), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu; Felicitas U. Idigo; Mark C. Okeji. Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography. Radiat. Sci. Technol. 2017, 3(2), 8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu, Felicitas U. Idigo, Mark C. Okeji. Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography. Radiat Sci Technol. 2017;3(2):8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11,
  author = {Sobechukwu W. I. Onwuzu and Felicitas U. Idigo and Mark C. Okeji},
  title = {Assessment of the Total Intra-Cranial Volume of the Igbo Population of Nigeria Using Computed Tomography},
  journal = {Radiation Science and Technology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {8-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20170302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rst.20170302.11},
  abstract = {Total intra-cranial volume (TIV) of the Igbo population of Nigeria was carried out using stereology technique. A total of 329 adult subjects of Igbo ethnic group with no cranial and brain abnormalities aged between 18 and 87 years were enlisted into the study (males: 193 and females: 136). They were scanned with a helical dual detector (GE Hi-Speed NX/i Series 8.1). Images were obtained with a slice thickness of 3 mm from the base of the skull to the vertex. Employing the Cavalieri’s sections method with point counting, a grid with a separation distance of 2.4cm was superimposed on the sampled image sections to calculate the TIV of each subject. The mean TIV of males and females were 1298.44 ± 90.67 cm3 and 1186.73 ± 79.05 cm3 respectively. A comparison of the mean TIV from our study and other studies in other populations showed mild to moderate variation in values which probably due to differences geographical location and race. There was significant difference (p< 0.05) in the value of TIV in the Igbo population when compared with some other populations such as Turkey using the same methodology. Total intra-cranial volume estimate can be applied in forensic investigations to differentiate various ethnic nationalities, in addition to clinical assessment in quantitative imaging to assess disease progression.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download