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Investigation of Phytochemical and Proximate Components in Different Parts of Boerhavia diffusa L. and B. erecta L.
Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara,
Ujunwa Collete Nwiyi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
60-63
Received:
21 March 2017
Accepted:
29 June 2017
Published:
18 September 2017
Abstract: The phytochemical and proximate constituents of leaves, stem and root of Boerhavia diffusa L. and B. erecta L. were examined in order to determine the biochemical compositions of the two species of Boerhavia. The significant difference was established at p<0.05. The greatest level of anthraquinone and hydrogen cyanide were found in the leaves of B. diffusa and there were no significant differences in the amounts found in the root. Leaves and stem of B. diffusa had the greater values of tannin, saponin, phenol and terpenoid in comparison to B. erecta, while higher concentrations of alkaloid were detected in the leaves and stem of B. erecta. Considerable great percentages of crude protein were present in the leaves of B. diffusa and B. erecta, being 16.41±0.04 and 15.89±0.03 respectively. The various parts of B. diffusa and B. erecta could be regarded as good sources of bioactive compounds for drug formulations.
Abstract: The phytochemical and proximate constituents of leaves, stem and root of Boerhavia diffusa L. and B. erecta L. were examined in order to determine the biochemical compositions of the two species of Boerhavia. The significant difference was established at p<0.05. The greatest level of anthraquinone and hydrogen cyanide were found in the leaves of...
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Physicochemical and Bacteriological Analysis of Sludge and Water contaminated by Oil Spillage in Some Coastal Communities of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Mercy Uwem Useh,
Pius Ikokoh,
Mary Sunday Dauda,
Ogechukwu Philomena Onwuazor,
Danlami Uzama
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
64-68
Received:
4 October 2016
Accepted:
2 November 2016
Published:
26 September 2017
Abstract: Crude oil contaminated sludge and water samples from four coastal communities (Ibeno, Onna, EsitEket and Eket) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria were analyzed to investigate the bacterial load and physicochemical parameters using standard pour plate method and standard analytical methods respectively. The pH values of both (sludge and water) samples as determined ranged from 5.14 – 5.22 and 4.23 – 6.15 respectively which indicated that the samples are acidic in nature. Other physicochemical parameters determined were: temperature, electrical conductivity, moisture content, organic matter, total alkalinity, TDS, TSS, total hardness, DO, BOD, sulphate, chloride, oil and grease. The bacteriological analysis of the water and sludge samples showed mean total bacterial count of 3.57x104 and 1.77x103 cfu/ml respectively. The mean coliform counts of water and sludge samples were 1.5x102 and 8.4x101 cfu/100ml respectively. The result of these analyses showed that most of these parameters did not meet the WHO recommended standards. Hence, the environment should beremediated with immediate effect to avoid further disaster.
Abstract: Crude oil contaminated sludge and water samples from four coastal communities (Ibeno, Onna, EsitEket and Eket) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria were analyzed to investigate the bacterial load and physicochemical parameters using standard pour plate method and standard analytical methods respectively. The pH values of both (sludge and water) samples as d...
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Ethanol Production by Alcohol Tolerant Yeasts Using Different Carbohydrate Sources
Gidado Rose Suniso Maxwell,
Olatiilu Olukemi Anna,
Etuk-Udo Godwin Akpan,
Isu Rosemary Nennaya,
Solomon Bamidele Ogbe
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
69-74
Received:
13 October 2016
Accepted:
27 October 2016
Published:
16 October 2017
Abstract: This study aimed at comparing the ability of two indigenous yeast species; Pichia kudriavzevii strains GY1 and L9 with a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to consume sugars (fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, sucrose and molasses) and to convert them into ethanol during fermentation. Yeast extract (6g/L), peptone (10g/L), malt extract (6g/L) broth was supplemented with different concentrations (5g/L, 10g/L, 20g/L, 30g/L) of fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose and sucrose respectively. Sugar utilization post incubation for 96 hours at 120 rpm, 30 degree Celsius (°C) was measured using a refractometer. The alcoholic yield using molasses for Pichia kudriavzevii strain GY1 10±0.2 (mg/ml) was significantly higher than that of Pichia kudriavzevii strain L9 (4±0.2 mg/ml) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain T (5±0.2 mg/ml) at 96 hours. Strains that produced highest concentration ethanol was Pichia kudriavzevii strain L9 in 3.0% (v/v) galactose and fructose respectively, which measured at 7.1±0.48 (mg/ml) and 12.2±0.64 (mg/ml). All studied isolates produced the same amount of ethanol 9.1±0.52 (mg/ml). The use of highly adaptable non Saccharomyces yeast species to a variety of sugars in the pursuit of enhanced ethanol production creates a unique prospective for large scale industrial applications.
Abstract: This study aimed at comparing the ability of two indigenous yeast species; Pichia kudriavzevii strains GY1 and L9 with a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to consume sugars (fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, sucrose and molasses) and to convert them into ethanol during fermentation. Yeast extract (6g/L), peptone (10g/L), malt extract (6g/L) ...
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Drivers of the Successful Green Manufacturing Outsourcing Decisions in U. S Companies
Syed A. Rehman Khan,
Zhang Yu,
Chen Xi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
75-79
Received:
14 February 2017
Accepted:
8 March 2017
Published:
23 October 2017
Abstract: This study will help to understanding the success factors involved in manufacturing outsourcing decisions. In traditional way companies was thinking about outsourcing is only for cost cutting and reduce to the headcounts, but in today’s world this trend is changing, and many companies are also using outsourcing for their core competency not only for cost cutting but for flexibility, make free to internal resources for other purposes, available cash and capital for R&D (research and development). Many companies (manufacturing) are going towards outsourcing their core competency and now companies believe on continuous improvement and facilitation to the customers and make them satisfied and delighted. In the research results most important factor is “supplier competency and reliability” in manufacturing outsourcing decision. Now companies are going towards strategic outsourcing and companies have understood which product they can make in-house or which products they can make by outsourcing in more better way, there are not many successful examples of Dell Corporation, IBM whose are using outsourcing as an strategic. Effective manufacturing outsourcing strategies are not just implemented but should be shaped and mold for particular business and with the competitive need of particular business.
Abstract: This study will help to understanding the success factors involved in manufacturing outsourcing decisions. In traditional way companies was thinking about outsourcing is only for cost cutting and reduce to the headcounts, but in today’s world this trend is changing, and many companies are also using outsourcing for their core competency not only fo...
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Reverse Logistics and Challenges: Supply Chain Management of Automobile Industry
Syed Abdul Rehman,
Yu Zhang,
Syed Shahid Khan
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
80-86
Received:
22 January 2017
Accepted:
4 February 2017
Published:
30 October 2017
Abstract: The concept of reverse logistics has gained immense popularity in the recent times. There is no doubt about the fact that reverse logistics in the supply chain management of automobile industry is becoming important. The purpose of this paper remains to introduce the importance of reverse logistics in the domain of supply chain management, largely focusing over the automobile industry. Highlighting the important challenges for reverse logistics in the automobile industry also becomes an important aim of this paper. Reverse logistics is basically a phenomenon which refers to the management of products when they are of no use to the consumers. Using such products with an aim to maximize the economic value for the automobile companies reflects the importance of reverse logistics. The underlying challenges like less willingness to pay, cannibalization, competition, lack of support from retailers, dealers and distributors, and consumers’ perception create hurdles for companies for implementing the reverse logistics successfully, are highlighted in this paper.
Abstract: The concept of reverse logistics has gained immense popularity in the recent times. There is no doubt about the fact that reverse logistics in the supply chain management of automobile industry is becoming important. The purpose of this paper remains to introduce the importance of reverse logistics in the domain of supply chain management, largely ...
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Mechanism of Green Supply Chain: In the Manufacturing Industry of U.S
S. A. Rehman,
Yu Zhang,
S. Shahid
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
87-92
Received:
9 February 2017
Accepted:
3 March 2017
Published:
30 October 2017
Abstract: In last couple of decades, green supply chain become a competitive strategy for survival in tough competitive market. There is no doubt that a number of European countries already adopted green supply chain practices successfully. Green supply chain concept gives a way to conduct a sustainable business and also prevent to environments from harmful effects of chemicals and pollution. On the other hand, green supply chain also reduce the cost of the end-to-end supply chain [1]. Many visible and invisible factors are exists in the process of reverse logistics but main factors are social reasons, Economic, Legal & Environment policies. But the economic factor is the directly involve in the implementation of reverse logistics. This paper will help to understand the phenomena involved in green supply chain management implementation as well as the barriers and drivers involved in green supply chain execution phases.
Abstract: In last couple of decades, green supply chain become a competitive strategy for survival in tough competitive market. There is no doubt that a number of European countries already adopted green supply chain practices successfully. Green supply chain concept gives a way to conduct a sustainable business and also prevent to environments from harmful ...
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