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Decomposition of Bamboo Powder for Eco-Friendly Material Development by Using Superheated Steams
Sayaka Ikeno,
Kiyotaka Obunai,
Tadao Fukuta,
Koichi Ozaki
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5-1, October 2015
Pages:
1-6
Received:
29 April 2015
Accepted:
8 May 2015
Published:
9 June 2015
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate an alternative method to decompose bamboo for the development of new eco-friendly materials. The effect of superheated steam treatment on the chemistry of decomposed bamboo biomass was investigated; the composition of the decomposed biomass was quantitatively determined, and its molecular structures were also evaluated by IR spectroscopy. The ability of the decomposed bamboo biomass to be molded without the use of binders was also investigated, and the mechanical properties of the molded samples were investigated by a dynamic hardness test. The raw material, consisting of bamboo powder and pure water were put into the reactor and sealed tightly. To decompose the raw material, the temperature of reactor was elevated by the ring furnace to a specified level and maintained for 10 min. After the decomposition, three types of determinations, holocellulose, α-cellulose, and lignin determination were performed for quantitative evaluation. The IR spectrum of decomposed bamboo powder was also measured by using FT-IR to evaluate the molecular structure. For investigate the ability of the decomposed bamboo powder to be molded without the use of a binder, the compression molding technique was employed. The young’s modulus of molded products was measured by using dynamic hardness tester. Quantitatively determination results revealed that, when the superheated vapor treatment was conducted in the temperature range from 200 to 220°C, a solid residue containing mostly α-cellulose and lignin was obtained. IR spectrum evaluation revealed that the cellulose was decomposed by the superheated steam at 200 °C and above. The young’s modulus of compression molding products also revealed that the lignin contained in the decomposed bamboo powder improved the thermosetting ability after the superheated water vapor treatment. These results suggested that the superheated steam treatment was effective to obtain the decomposed bamboo for the development of new eco-friendly materials.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate an alternative method to decompose bamboo for the development of new eco-friendly materials. The effect of superheated steam treatment on the chemistry of decomposed bamboo biomass was investigated; the composition of the decomposed biomass was quantitatively determined, and its molecular structures were ...
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Study of Extraction and Characterization of Ultimate Date Palm Fibers
Imene Derrouiche,
Imed Ben Marzoug,
Faouzi Sakli,
Sadok Roudesli
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5-1, October 2015
Pages:
7-14
Received:
30 April 2015
Accepted:
19 May 2015
Published:
9 June 2015
Abstract: Natural fibers are generally hydrophilic in nature, as they are in fact derived from lignocellulose, which contains strongly polarized hydroxyl groups. During the last few decades, cellulose has been one of the most abundant, inexpensive, non-toxic, and renewable biomacromolecules in nature and has been widely applied in diverse fields. In this study, we choose to optimize the extraction process of date palm in order to obtain ultimate fibers with minimum rate lignin, minimum degradation, a high yield and degree of whiteness. To characterize these fibers infrared spectroscopy (IR), XRD, EDX, SEM and XPS were used.
Abstract: Natural fibers are generally hydrophilic in nature, as they are in fact derived from lignocellulose, which contains strongly polarized hydroxyl groups. During the last few decades, cellulose has been one of the most abundant, inexpensive, non-toxic, and renewable biomacromolecules in nature and has been widely applied in diverse fields. In this stu...
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Variability in Mechanical Properties of Agave Americana L. Fiber “Intra-Plant Study”
Asma El Oudiani,
Slah Msahli,
Faouzi Sakli,
Jean Yves Drean
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5-1, October 2015
Pages:
15-29
Received:
25 May 2015
Accepted:
26 May 2015
Published:
9 June 2015
Abstract: In this work, a study of intra plant variability in agave fiber mechanical properties was conducted. It is based on the Design of experiments techniques and statistical analyses. By taking into account the variation of modalities related to the fiber collecting mode, some parameters were defined and considered as controlling factors, namely the position of the fiber in the leaf (fiber maturity) and the level of the leaf in the plant (leaf age). The main results show that fibers taken from different leaves at the same level of a plant have approximately much close properties. However, fibers located at different positions in the leaf itself (tip, middle or base) exhibit different properties.Besides, fibers belonging to inferior levels of the plant (oldest leaves) have different properties compared to those selected from the top of the plant (youngest leaves).
Abstract: In this work, a study of intra plant variability in agave fiber mechanical properties was conducted. It is based on the Design of experiments techniques and statistical analyses. By taking into account the variation of modalities related to the fiber collecting mode, some parameters were defined and considered as controlling factors, namely the pos...
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Variability in Fineness Parameter of Agave Americana L. Fiber “Intra-Plant Study”
Asma El Oudiani,
Slah Msahli,
Faouzi Sakli,
Jean Yves Drean
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5-1, October 2015
Pages:
30-39
Received:
25 May 2015
Accepted:
26 May 2015
Published:
9 June 2015
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the botanical causes (age of plant, maturity of fibers) leading to the variability in fineness parameter for plant fibers, particularly agave Americana L. fiber. The Design of experiment DoE techniques, and other statistical analyses are used by varying the factors of interest in a full factorial design to assess the main effects and the interactions of some factors influencing the fiber fineness. In this work, which represents an intra plant study, fibers are taken from different parts of a same plant, and many controlling factors were considered namely the leaf age (position of the leaf in the plant) and the fiber maturity (position of fibers within the leaf). The output parameters are the fineness and the mean ‘equivalent’ diameter.The main results show that fibers taken from different leaves at the same level of a plant have approximately much close properties. However, fibers located at different positions in the leaf itself (tip, middle or base) exhibit different properties. Besides, fibers belonging to inferior levels of the plant (oldest leaves) have different properties compared to those selected from the top of the plant (youngest leaves). The 2-order interactions have negligible effect on fineness and diameter parameters.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the botanical causes (age of plant, maturity of fibers) leading to the variability in fineness parameter for plant fibers, particularly agave Americana L. fiber. The Design of experiment DoE techniques, and other statistical analyses are used by varying the factors of interest in a full factorial design to assess t...
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