-
The Effect of Natural Reducing Agents on Denim Fabric for the Amelioration of Natural Fading Effect Via Environmental Friendly Approach
Md. Kamrul Hasan Munna,
Adindu Chisom Chinyerenwa,
Md. Kamruzzaman,
Asaduzzaman,
Md. Anwar Hossain,
Tareque Mahmud Rumi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
146-152
Received:
8 January 2017
Accepted:
23 January 2017
Published:
7 February 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20160406.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Color fading of denim fabric was done in this study by using natural reducing agent to make environment friendly effect and reduce toxicity for the application of chemical process on denim fabric. Different natural reducing agents such as; lemon, tomatoes, tamarind, sugarcane, pineapple barks, edible root, dubbed sloughs, emblica, cucumber, palm cabbage sloughs, grape, lotkon, carambola were used. Denim fabric was rubbed 20-30 times by these natural reducing agents. Denim fabric was dried atmospherically after manual process of fading. The fabric was washed with 1-2% detergent at room temperature then dried at 80°C. Color difference value, CMC value, stiffness, tensile strength, whiteness index (°CIE), the GSM of naturally faded denim fabric was also investigated to make a comparison with chemically faded denim.
Abstract: Color fading of denim fabric was done in this study by using natural reducing agent to make environment friendly effect and reduce toxicity for the application of chemical process on denim fabric. Different natural reducing agents such as; lemon, tomatoes, tamarind, sugarcane, pineapple barks, edible root, dubbed sloughs, emblica, cucumber, palm ca...
Show More
-
Pseudo-Driverless Driving and Automatic Recovery of Braking Energy as a Compromise Between Environmental and Automotive Approaches
Marat Salakhov,
Artem Bulah
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
153-156
Received:
31 October 2016
Accepted:
17 January 2017
Published:
7 February 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20160406.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Our innovation synthesis lab is taking on sophisticated robotic, pneumatic and hydraulic components of modern cars, questioning the practical value of their use as they are now. Potential energy can be accumulated by a mechanical braking power, instead of accumulating it on the galvanic plates. Well-proven eccentric cams, planetary gears and ratchets will continue their service in future. And ratchets are priceless when equipped with innovative floating quarter-turn teeth combined with designer roller rail system. As for driverless freight vehicles, talks about full automation are not only premature, they are going nowhere: apart from expenses on route security, creating otherwise inefficient infrastructure compatible with such vehicles will pose enormous costs.
Abstract: Our innovation synthesis lab is taking on sophisticated robotic, pneumatic and hydraulic components of modern cars, questioning the practical value of their use as they are now. Potential energy can be accumulated by a mechanical braking power, instead of accumulating it on the galvanic plates. Well-proven eccentric cams, planetary gears and ratche...
Show More
-
Online Adaptive Continuous Wavelet Transform and Fuzzy Logic Based High Precision Fault Detection of Broken Rotor Bars for IM
Ali Saghafinia,
S. Hr. Kaboli
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
157-168
Received:
24 November 2016
Accepted:
16 January 2017
Published:
7 February 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20160406.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: This paper presents an intelligent fault detection based on adaptive continuous wavelet transform of broken rotor bars for Induction Motor (IM). Broken rotor bars, bearing decay, eccentricity, as motor faults appears as different frequencies in the stator current signals. The stator current and speed signals at deferent operation conditions obtained from the winding function are analysed through the adaptive continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to detect the amplitudes and frequency components corresponding to different broken bar fault and load conditions. The adaptive coefficients of CWT based on the harmonics amplitude, are applied to train a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in simulation. Then, detection of the fault condition are done based on the adaptive CWT and trained FLC in both simulation and real-time. The experimental results are confirmed the simulation results and show the effectiveness of the proposed method to detect the motor fault conditions accurately.
Abstract: This paper presents an intelligent fault detection based on adaptive continuous wavelet transform of broken rotor bars for Induction Motor (IM). Broken rotor bars, bearing decay, eccentricity, as motor faults appears as different frequencies in the stator current signals. The stator current and speed signals at deferent operation conditions obtaine...
Show More
-
Comparing System Performance of Optical OFDM Systems Using LMSTE, NLMSTE and DFTE
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
169-173
Received:
25 November 2016
Accepted:
17 January 2017
Published:
7 February 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20160406.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The evaluation of Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OOFDM) using Least Mean Square Time-domain Equalizer (LMSTE), its normalized form (NLMSTE) and Decision Feedback Time-domain Equalizer (DFTE) to reduce Cyclic Prefix (CP) length over 1200 Km of Standard Single Mode Fiber (SSMF) is presented. All of these TEQs are used immediately after the fiber channel. They can cancel the residual Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter Carrier Interference (ICI) caused by both the Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) and the CP length being shorter than the Channel Impulse Response (CIR). Using these TEQs allow the reduction in size of CP, and consequently leading to system performance improvement. Using DFTE can decrease the noise whereas using NLMSTE can solve the problem of choosing the gain of LMS algorithm to make it stable since LMS algorithm is sensitive to the scaling of its input.
Abstract: The evaluation of Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OOFDM) using Least Mean Square Time-domain Equalizer (LMSTE), its normalized form (NLMSTE) and Decision Feedback Time-domain Equalizer (DFTE) to reduce Cyclic Prefix (CP) length over 1200 Km of Standard Single Mode Fiber (SSMF) is presented. All of these TEQs are used immediately...
Show More
-
Design and Development of an Agricultural and Bio-materials Cabinet Tray Dryer
Godwin E. Akpan,
David N. Onwe,
Olugbenga A. Fakayode,
Ubong D. Offiong
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
174-182
Received:
4 October 2016
Accepted:
2 December 2016
Published:
9 February 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20160406.15
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: A locally made agricultural and bio-material dryer to be operated bylocal farmers was designed and developed to reduce Agricultural material wastage and improve their storage conditions. It consists of three units: drying chamber, blower and heat exchanger. The performance test and evaluation were conducted using analysis of variation (ANOVA) using okro, pepper and groundnut as the test materials at an average drying chamber temperature of 50°C for safe drying of the produce. The three crop, (okro, pepper and groundnut) and drying time (9hours), the kilogram weight of the crops decreased with increase in drying time as drying progressed, hence there was no significant different at 5% level of significance in the drying rates of the three crops. The dryer which has a mean drying capacity of 60.3kg per batch with a thermal efficiency of 76.9% and drying rate of 0.041kg/hr, at relative humidity of 35% improved the drying time of the agricultural materials and is recommended for local farmers.
Abstract: A locally made agricultural and bio-material dryer to be operated bylocal farmers was designed and developed to reduce Agricultural material wastage and improve their storage conditions. It consists of three units: drying chamber, blower and heat exchanger. The performance test and evaluation were conducted using analysis of variation (ANOVA) using...
Show More
-
Assessment of Wheat Diseases in South Omo Zone of Ethiopia
Misgana Mitiku,
Yesuf Eshete
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
183-186
Received:
2 September 2016
Accepted:
19 November 2016
Published:
10 February 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.sr.20160406.16
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Wheat is one of the most important cereal cultivated in Ethiopia. It ranks fourth after Teff (Eragrostis tef), Maize (Zea mays) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in area coverage and third in total production. But, its production and productivity is prone to divers biotic and abiotic factors. Among biotic factor diseases are the one. But, the relative importance of each disease across locations has not been known and well profiled to develop sound management strategy in the studied areas. So, the assessment was done to watch and monitor the status of wheat diseases and observe wheat varieties response to wheat diseases and to determine the prevalence of new virulence races and monitor new stem rust race (ug99) spread in the region. The assessment was carried out in two kebeles of South Ari districts of South Omo zone i.e. Senegal and Senmamer kebeles of South Ari woreda in 2014 Meher cropping season. Results indicated that the highest mean infection of leaf rust (70%) was recorded on local variety at Senmamer kebele followed by Digalo variety in Senegal kebele which is 65% and fusarium head blight (47%) on Huluka variety followed by ETBW5890 variety which is 40% were recorded at Senegal kebele. Whereas at Senegal kebele 30% fusarium head blight was recorded as the highest mean infection. Whereas the mean infection of powdery mildew is 20% at Senmamer kebele which is less as compared to mean infection of leaf rust and fusarium head blight. Different studies reported that wheat is affected by different diseases. The current assessment indicated that complex diseases exists in different wheat varieties and their occurrence across kebeles was highly variable. In addition to introduction and promotion of different management practices, holistic and cumulative integrated approach is required to manage the complex wheat diseases in the studied areas.
Abstract: Wheat is one of the most important cereal cultivated in Ethiopia. It ranks fourth after Teff (Eragrostis tef), Maize (Zea mays) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in area coverage and third in total production. But, its production and productivity is prone to divers biotic and abiotic factors. Among biotic factor diseases are the one. But, the relative ...
Show More
