Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang; Mary Garba; Florence Titu Manjong; Tiagueu Yvette T

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11

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Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Mary Garba, Florence Titu Manjong, Tiagueu Yvette T

Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 3, Issue 1-1)

Received: 17 December 2014 Accepted: 18 December 2014 Published: 14 February 2015

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Abstract

With more than 15000 people infected with Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) leading to more than 7000 deaths in Liberia, Serra Leone, Guinea, Nigeria and Senegal, Ebola Virus Disease remains one of the most dreaded scourges and concerns in contemporary international health (CIH). We note in this essay, that current intervention strategies for the containment of emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola may remain inadequate unless an integrated health intervention (IHI) strategy is adopted. Focus on vaccine development is, undoubtedly, critical but unlikely soon. Synthetic antiviral therapy (AVT) or antifiloviral therapy (AFT) such as using Zmapp, Favipiravir and Brincindofovir amongst others may remain therapeutically inadequate to contain not only Ebola but future scourges. For one fact, as already observed, Zmapp, TKM-Ebola and Favipiravir are hopeful but clouded with toxicity concerns and like any antibiotic of single molecular base likely to be resisted by the bug over time. In this article, our position is that, the medical approach to confront Ebola should be a multidisciplinary approach with equality. This will mean providing a medical care that protects health care workers, searching for an effective vaccine and antiviral therapy that is cost effective, weaving cultural, environmental and community based approaches to preventing the spread as well as fostering and incorporating nutritional therapy, traditional medicine as an integrative package for infectious diseases control. We attempted to highlight that african nutriceticals and phytomedicine could be useful in the control of infectious diseases such as Ebola through the use of medicinal plants such as Garcinia kola extracts and the exploitation of mushroom extracts such as Ganoderma lucidum containing selenium, Iron, zinc, 7-8% crude protein, 26-28% carbohydrates and a range of bioactive protein that can boost the immune system of patients with Ebola virus hemorrhagic fevers. Evidence in grey literature demonstrates profound antiviral activities from extracts of Garcinia kola on a range viruses including Ebola virus. Kolaviron, a class of flavonoids from garcinia kola, have been found with profound antiviral activity while compounds from cordycep mycelium such as beta glucans also reported in Ganoderma lucidum and some mushroom species have profound immune boosting potentials against many viral infections. A computerized data base for these compounds for drug development could be generated for use by pharmaceutical companies. It is concluded that, nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals from medicinal plants, could be used not only as drug leads but could clinically complement current management of Ebola virus diseases in African hospitals.

Published in	American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 3, Issue 1-1) This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Innovations, Developments in the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Ebola Disease (Marburg fever) and Hemorrhagic Fevers
DOI	10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11
Page(s)	1-6
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Phytopharmaceuticals, Nutrition, Traditional Medicine, Ebola, Bitter Kola, EVD, Phytoimmunotherapy

References

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[8]	K.A.Yongabi (2004) Studies on the use of Medicinal plants and Macro fungi (Lower Plants) in water and Wastewater purification. Proceedings of an International E-conference organized by the International Organization for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IOBB), Sweden, June14-25.Web Pages online: www.biotech.kth.se/iobb/news/Kenneth/photos.html, www.biotech.kth.se/iobb/news/kenneth04.doc,republished in Tree for Life Journal, March 10,2006,http://mail.treesforlife.org:8083/moringa/staticpages/kenneth04.pdf
[9]	K. A. Yongabi, W. F. Mbacham, K. K. Nubia and R. M. Singh (2009). Yeast strains isolated from HIV-seropositive patients in Cameroon and their sensitivity to extracts of eight medicinal plants. African Journal of Microbiology Research, vol.3 (4), PP.133-136
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APA Style

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Mary Garba, Florence Titu Manjong, Tiagueu Yvette T. (2015). Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 3(1-1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11

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ACS Style

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang; Mary Garba; Florence Titu Manjong; Tiagueu Yvette T. Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2015, 3(1-1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11

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AMA Style

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Mary Garba, Florence Titu Manjong, Tiagueu Yvette T. Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2015;3(1-1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11,
  author = {Kenneth Yongabi Anchang and Mary Garba and Florence Titu Manjong and Tiagueu Yvette T},
  title = {Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1-1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11},
  abstract = {With more than 15000 people infected with Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) leading to more than 7000 deaths in Liberia, Serra Leone, Guinea, Nigeria and Senegal,  Ebola Virus Disease remains one of the most dreaded scourges and concerns in contemporary international health (CIH).  We note in this essay, that current intervention strategies for the containment of emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola may remain inadequate unless an integrated health intervention (IHI) strategy is adopted. Focus on vaccine development is, undoubtedly, critical but unlikely soon. Synthetic antiviral therapy (AVT) or antifiloviral therapy (AFT) such as using Zmapp, Favipiravir and Brincindofovir amongst others may remain therapeutically inadequate to contain not only Ebola but future scourges. For one fact, as already observed, Zmapp, TKM-Ebola and Favipiravir are hopeful but clouded with toxicity concerns and like any antibiotic of single molecular base likely to be resisted by the bug over time. In this article, our position is that, the medical approach to confront Ebola should be a multidisciplinary approach with equality. This will mean providing a medical care that protects health care workers, searching for an effective vaccine and antiviral therapy that is cost effective, weaving cultural, environmental and community based approaches to preventing the spread as well as fostering and incorporating nutritional therapy, traditional medicine as an integrative package for infectious diseases control.  We attempted to highlight that african nutriceticals   and phytomedicine could be useful in the control of infectious diseases such as Ebola through the use of medicinal plants such as Garcinia kola extracts and the exploitation of mushroom extracts such as Ganoderma lucidum containing selenium, Iron, zinc, 7-8% crude protein, 26-28% carbohydrates and a range of bioactive protein that can boost the immune system of patients with Ebola virus hemorrhagic fevers. Evidence in grey literature demonstrates profound antiviral activities from extracts of Garcinia kola on a range viruses including Ebola virus. Kolaviron, a class of flavonoids from garcinia kola, have been found with profound antiviral activity while compounds from cordycep mycelium such as beta glucans also reported in Ganoderma lucidum and some mushroom species have profound immune boosting potentials against many viral infections. A computerized data base for these compounds for drug development could be generated for use by pharmaceutical companies. It is concluded that, nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals from medicinal plants, could be used not only as drug leads but could clinically complement current management of Ebola virus diseases in African hospitals.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa
AU  - Kenneth Yongabi Anchang
AU  - Mary Garba
AU  - Florence Titu Manjong
AU  - Tiagueu Yvette T
Y1  - 2015/02/14
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11
AB  - With more than 15000 people infected with Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) leading to more than 7000 deaths in Liberia, Serra Leone, Guinea, Nigeria and Senegal,  Ebola Virus Disease remains one of the most dreaded scourges and concerns in contemporary international health (CIH).  We note in this essay, that current intervention strategies for the containment of emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola may remain inadequate unless an integrated health intervention (IHI) strategy is adopted. Focus on vaccine development is, undoubtedly, critical but unlikely soon. Synthetic antiviral therapy (AVT) or antifiloviral therapy (AFT) such as using Zmapp, Favipiravir and Brincindofovir amongst others may remain therapeutically inadequate to contain not only Ebola but future scourges. For one fact, as already observed, Zmapp, TKM-Ebola and Favipiravir are hopeful but clouded with toxicity concerns and like any antibiotic of single molecular base likely to be resisted by the bug over time. In this article, our position is that, the medical approach to confront Ebola should be a multidisciplinary approach with equality. This will mean providing a medical care that protects health care workers, searching for an effective vaccine and antiviral therapy that is cost effective, weaving cultural, environmental and community based approaches to preventing the spread as well as fostering and incorporating nutritional therapy, traditional medicine as an integrative package for infectious diseases control.  We attempted to highlight that african nutriceticals   and phytomedicine could be useful in the control of infectious diseases such as Ebola through the use of medicinal plants such as Garcinia kola extracts and the exploitation of mushroom extracts such as Ganoderma lucidum containing selenium, Iron, zinc, 7-8% crude protein, 26-28% carbohydrates and a range of bioactive protein that can boost the immune system of patients with Ebola virus hemorrhagic fevers. Evidence in grey literature demonstrates profound antiviral activities from extracts of Garcinia kola on a range viruses including Ebola virus. Kolaviron, a class of flavonoids from garcinia kola, have been found with profound antiviral activity while compounds from cordycep mycelium such as beta glucans also reported in Ganoderma lucidum and some mushroom species have profound immune boosting potentials against many viral infections. A computerized data base for these compounds for drug development could be generated for use by pharmaceutical companies. It is concluded that, nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals from medicinal plants, could be used not only as drug leads but could clinically complement current management of Ebola virus diseases in African hospitals.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1-1
ER  -

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Author Information

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang

Tropical Infectious Diseases and public Health Engineering Research Group (TIDPHERG), Phytobiotechnology Research Foundation Institute, Catholic University of Cameroon, Bamenda,P.O.Box 921, Bamenda, Cameroon, +237675266162; Department of Health Economics, Policy and Management, Catholic University of Cameroon, Bamenda
Mary Garba

Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
Florence Titu Manjong

Department of Health Economics, Policy and Management, Catholic University of Cameroon, Bamenda
Tiagueu Yvette T

Computer Science Department, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

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APA Style

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Mary Garba, Florence Titu Manjong, Tiagueu Yvette T. (2015). Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 3(1-1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11

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ACS Style

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang; Mary Garba; Florence Titu Manjong; Tiagueu Yvette T. Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2015, 3(1-1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11

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AMA Style

Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Mary Garba, Florence Titu Manjong, Tiagueu Yvette T. Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2015;3(1-1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11,
  author = {Kenneth Yongabi Anchang and Mary Garba and Florence Titu Manjong and Tiagueu Yvette T},
  title = {Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1-1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11},
  abstract = {With more than 15000 people infected with Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) leading to more than 7000 deaths in Liberia, Serra Leone, Guinea, Nigeria and Senegal,  Ebola Virus Disease remains one of the most dreaded scourges and concerns in contemporary international health (CIH).  We note in this essay, that current intervention strategies for the containment of emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola may remain inadequate unless an integrated health intervention (IHI) strategy is adopted. Focus on vaccine development is, undoubtedly, critical but unlikely soon. Synthetic antiviral therapy (AVT) or antifiloviral therapy (AFT) such as using Zmapp, Favipiravir and Brincindofovir amongst others may remain therapeutically inadequate to contain not only Ebola but future scourges. For one fact, as already observed, Zmapp, TKM-Ebola and Favipiravir are hopeful but clouded with toxicity concerns and like any antibiotic of single molecular base likely to be resisted by the bug over time. In this article, our position is that, the medical approach to confront Ebola should be a multidisciplinary approach with equality. This will mean providing a medical care that protects health care workers, searching for an effective vaccine and antiviral therapy that is cost effective, weaving cultural, environmental and community based approaches to preventing the spread as well as fostering and incorporating nutritional therapy, traditional medicine as an integrative package for infectious diseases control.  We attempted to highlight that african nutriceticals   and phytomedicine could be useful in the control of infectious diseases such as Ebola through the use of medicinal plants such as Garcinia kola extracts and the exploitation of mushroom extracts such as Ganoderma lucidum containing selenium, Iron, zinc, 7-8% crude protein, 26-28% carbohydrates and a range of bioactive protein that can boost the immune system of patients with Ebola virus hemorrhagic fevers. Evidence in grey literature demonstrates profound antiviral activities from extracts of Garcinia kola on a range viruses including Ebola virus. Kolaviron, a class of flavonoids from garcinia kola, have been found with profound antiviral activity while compounds from cordycep mycelium such as beta glucans also reported in Ganoderma lucidum and some mushroom species have profound immune boosting potentials against many viral infections. A computerized data base for these compounds for drug development could be generated for use by pharmaceutical companies. It is concluded that, nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals from medicinal plants, could be used not only as drug leads but could clinically complement current management of Ebola virus diseases in African hospitals.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Potentials of nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals and phytomedicine in the prevention and control of Ebola virus in Africa
AU  - Kenneth Yongabi Anchang
AU  - Mary Garba
AU  - Florence Titu Manjong
AU  - Tiagueu Yvette T
Y1  - 2015/02/14
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030101.11
AB  - With more than 15000 people infected with Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) leading to more than 7000 deaths in Liberia, Serra Leone, Guinea, Nigeria and Senegal,  Ebola Virus Disease remains one of the most dreaded scourges and concerns in contemporary international health (CIH).  We note in this essay, that current intervention strategies for the containment of emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola may remain inadequate unless an integrated health intervention (IHI) strategy is adopted. Focus on vaccine development is, undoubtedly, critical but unlikely soon. Synthetic antiviral therapy (AVT) or antifiloviral therapy (AFT) such as using Zmapp, Favipiravir and Brincindofovir amongst others may remain therapeutically inadequate to contain not only Ebola but future scourges. For one fact, as already observed, Zmapp, TKM-Ebola and Favipiravir are hopeful but clouded with toxicity concerns and like any antibiotic of single molecular base likely to be resisted by the bug over time. In this article, our position is that, the medical approach to confront Ebola should be a multidisciplinary approach with equality. This will mean providing a medical care that protects health care workers, searching for an effective vaccine and antiviral therapy that is cost effective, weaving cultural, environmental and community based approaches to preventing the spread as well as fostering and incorporating nutritional therapy, traditional medicine as an integrative package for infectious diseases control.  We attempted to highlight that african nutriceticals   and phytomedicine could be useful in the control of infectious diseases such as Ebola through the use of medicinal plants such as Garcinia kola extracts and the exploitation of mushroom extracts such as Ganoderma lucidum containing selenium, Iron, zinc, 7-8% crude protein, 26-28% carbohydrates and a range of bioactive protein that can boost the immune system of patients with Ebola virus hemorrhagic fevers. Evidence in grey literature demonstrates profound antiviral activities from extracts of Garcinia kola on a range viruses including Ebola virus. Kolaviron, a class of flavonoids from garcinia kola, have been found with profound antiviral activity while compounds from cordycep mycelium such as beta glucans also reported in Ganoderma lucidum and some mushroom species have profound immune boosting potentials against many viral infections. A computerized data base for these compounds for drug development could be generated for use by pharmaceutical companies. It is concluded that, nutritional therapy, phytopharmaceuticals from medicinal plants, could be used not only as drug leads but could clinically complement current management of Ebola virus diseases in African hospitals.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1-1
ER  -

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