Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu; Paul Andrew Mamza; Peter Obinna Nkeonye; Shehu Aliyu Yaro

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu, Paul Andrew Mamza, Peter Obinna Nkeonye, Shehu Aliyu Yaro

Published in American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology (Volume 4, Issue 1)

Received: 22 April 2018 Accepted: 7 May 2018 Published: 2 June 2018

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Thermal properties of M30 normal concrete block (NC) were compared with concrete filled with waste poly ethylene terephthalate and waste low density polyethylene aggregates which were used as partial replacement of sand in the production of concrete blocks (plast-cretes). Tests were carried out using 100mm×100mm Cubes and 100mm×200mm Cylinder for Compressive and Split tensile Test respectively. The mechanical properties of normal concrete and plast-crete were studied and compared over two temperature regimes at 100°C-400°C and 400°C-800°C. The compressive and Split Tensile strength of normal concrete increased slightly from 100°C-400°C, and reduced from 400°C-800°C. However, the compressive and split tensile strength of the plast-crete showed a gradual reduction from 100°C-400°C and this continued from 400°C-800°C, and became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The percentage of weight loss for the normal concrete increased from 100°C-400°C, this increase continued from 400°C-800°C. The plast-crete also showed an increase in the percentage weight loss for both temperature regimes and the percent weight loss became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The normal concrete showed greater spalling than the plat-cretes. Even with the slight reduction in strength with increasing temperature, Plast-cretes can still be applied in areas where low temperature and minimal load bearing applications are needed such as fancy blocks, pedestrian walk ways, slabs, partition walls, fences, houses and light traffic structures.

Published in	American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology (Volume 4, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12
Page(s)	28-35
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Concrete, Plast-Crete, Elevated Temperature, Compressive Strength, Percent Weight Loss, Waste Polymers, Waste Plastics Polyethylene Terephthalate, Waste Plastics Low Density Polyethylene

References

[1]	Babayemi, J. O; Duda K. T., Evaluation of Solid Waste Generation, Categories and Disposal Options in Disposal Options in Developing Countries, a Case Study of Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. 2009, 13(3), 83 – 88.
[2]	Afon, A. O.; an Analysis of Solid Waste Generation in Traditional African City, the Example of Ogbomosho, Nigeria. Environment and Urbanization. 2007, 19, 527-537.
[3]	Amori A. A.; Fatai B. O.; Ihuoma S. O and Omoregbe, H. O., Waste Generation and Management Practices in Residential Areas of Nigeria Tertiary Institutions. Journal of Educational and Social Research. 2013, 3 (4), 45-51.
[4]	Guo, Y. C.; Zhang, J. H.; Chen, G. M., Xie, Z. H., Compressive Behaviour of Concrete Structures Incorporating Recycled Concrete Aggregate, rubber Crump and Reinforced with Steel Fibres, Subjected to Elevated Temperature. J. Clen Prod. 2014, 72, 193-203.
[5]	Naus, D. J.; the Effect of Elevated Temperatures on Concrete Materials and Structures. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Managed by UT-Battelle. 2005, 553.
[6]	Castillo, C. and Durrani, A. J. "Effect of Transient High Temperature on High-Strength Concrete", ACI Materials Journal, 1990, 87, 47-53.
[7]	Chan, S. Y. N.; Luo, X. and Sun, W. "Effect of High Temperature and Cooling Regimes on the Compressive Strength and Pore Properties of High Performance Concrete", Construction and Building Materials. 2000, 14, 261-266.
[8]	Cioni, P., Croce, P. and Salvatore, W.; “Assessing fire damage to R. C. elements” Fire Safety Journal, 2001. 36, 181-199.
[9]	Cho-Liang, T., Chiang, C., Yang, C. and Chun-Ming, C. "Tracking Concrete Strength Under Variable High Temperature", ACI Materials Journal. 2005, 102, 322-329.
[10]	Khoury, G. A., "Compressive strength of concrete at high temperatures: A reassessment", Magazine of Concrete Research. 1992, 44, 291-309.
[11]	Nevile, A. M.; Properties of Concrete. 2011.
[12]	Hernandez-Olivares, F.; Barluenga, G; Parga-Landa, B.; Bollati, M.; Witoszek, B. Fatigue Behaviour of Recycled Tyre Rubber Filled Concrete and Its Implications in the Design of Rigid Pavements, Constr. Build. Mater. 21 (10) (2007) 1918–1927.
[13]	Kalifa, P.; Manneteau F.; Quenard D. Spalling and Pore Pressure in HPC at High Temperatures. Cem. Concr. Res. 30(2000), 1915–1927.
[14]	Ali, F. A.; Connor, D.; Abu-Tair, O. A. Explosive Spalling of High Strength Concretes in Fire. Mag. Concr. Res. 2000, 53 (3), 197–204.
[15]	Benz D. P. Fibers, Percolation and Spalling of HPC, ACI Mater. J. 2000, 97 (3), 351–359.
[16]	Kalifa, P.; Chene, G; Galle, C., High- Temperature Behaviour of HSC with Polypropylene Fibers, From Spalling to Microstructure, Cem. Concr. Res. 31 (2001) 1487–1499.
[17]	Cree, D.; Green, M; Noumowe, A. Residual Strength of Concrete Containing Recycled Materials After Exposure to Fire: A Review. Constr. Build. Mater. 45 (2013), 208–223.
[18]	Chowdhury, S. H. Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete. ACMSM 23, 2014, 1077-1082.
[19]	Morsy, M. S; Alsayed, S. H and Aqel M. Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical, Properties and Microstructure of Silica Flour Concrete. International Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering IJCEE-IJENS. Vol: 10 No: 01, 1-6.
[20]	Hossein Mohammad hosseini and Jamaludin Mohamad Yatim. Microstructure and residual properties of green concrete composites incorporating waste carpet fibers and palm oil fuel ash at elevated temperatures, Journal of Cleaner Production. 144 (2017) 8-21.
[21]	Long, T. P and Nicholas, J. C. Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete at Elevated Temperature, Building and Fire Research laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaitherburg, Md 20899. NISTIR, 2001.
[22]	Magda I. Mousa. Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Properties of Silica Fume and Recycled Rubber-Filled High Strength Concretes (RHSC), HBRC Journal, (2017) 13, 1–7.
[23]	Emre, S.; Dursun S. Y.; Osman. S. Effects of Elevated Temperature on Compressive Strength and Weight Loss of the Light-Weight Concrete with Silica Fume and Superplasticizer. Cement & Concrete Composites. 30 (2008) 715–721.
[24]	Lothenbach, B., Durdzinski, P. & De Weerdt, K. (2016) Thermogravimetric analysis. In A Practical Guide to Microstructural Analysis of Cementitious Materials. (Scrivener, K., Snellings, R., andLothenbach, B. (eds)). CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, New York, pp. 177-211.
[25]	Li, X., Shen, X., Xu, J., Li, X. & Ma, S. (2015) Hydration properties of the alite–ye’elimite cement clinker synthesized by reformation. Construction and Building Materials 99:254-259.
[26]	Gartner, E. & Hirao, H. (2015) A review of alternative approaches to the reduction of CO2 emissions associated with the manufacture of the binder phase in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 78:126-142.
[27]	Shaikh F U A and Hosan A Mechanical properties of steel fibre reinforced geopolymer concretes at elevated temperatures 31 March 2016 Construction and Building Materials 114 15-28.
[28]	Serrano R, Cobo A, Prieto M I and González M D N Analysis of fire resistance of concrete with polypropylene or steel fibers 9 July 2016 Construction and Building Materials 122 302-309.
[29]	Chitvoranund, N., Winnefeld, F., Hargis, C. W., Sinthupinyo, S., & Lothenbach, B. (2017). Synthesis and hydration of alite-calcium sulfoaluminate cement. Advances in Cement Research, 29(3), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1680/jadcr.16.00071
[30]	Malhotra. H. L. (2015). of concrete IldL. Magazine of Concrete Research, 85–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1956.8.23.85
[31]	Novák, J., & Kohoutková, A. (2017). Fibre reinforced concrete exposed to elevated temperature. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 246(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/246/1/012045.
[32]	Osuji, S. O., & Ukeme, U. (2015). Effects of Elevated Temperature on Compressive Strength of Concrete : a Case Study of Grade 40 Concrete, 34(3), 472–477. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v34i3.7
[33]	Wang, J. (2017). transfer in nuclear containment concrete wall during loss of cooling accident.
[34]	Yang, K.-H., Mun, J.-S., & Cho, M.-S. (2015). Effect of Curing Temperature Histories on the Compressive Strength Development of High-Strength Concrete. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2015, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/965471

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu, Paul Andrew Mamza, Peter Obinna Nkeonye, Shehu Aliyu Yaro. (2018). Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks. American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 4(1), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu; Paul Andrew Mamza; Peter Obinna Nkeonye; Shehu Aliyu Yaro. Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks. Am. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. 2018, 4(1), 28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu, Paul Andrew Mamza, Peter Obinna Nkeonye, Shehu Aliyu Yaro. Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks. Am J Polym Sci Technol. 2018;4(1):28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12,
  author = {Kevin Ibe Ejiogu and Paul Andrew Mamza and Peter Obinna Nkeonye and Shehu Aliyu Yaro},
  title = {Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks},
  journal = {American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {28-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpst.20180401.12},
  abstract = {Thermal properties of M30 normal concrete block (NC) were compared with concrete filled with waste poly ethylene terephthalate and waste low density polyethylene aggregates which were used as partial replacement of sand in the production of concrete blocks (plast-cretes). Tests were carried out using 100mm×100mm Cubes and 100mm×200mm Cylinder for Compressive and Split tensile Test respectively. The mechanical properties of normal concrete and plast-crete were studied and compared over two temperature regimes at 100°C-400°C and 400°C-800°C. The compressive and Split Tensile strength of normal concrete increased slightly from 100°C-400°C, and reduced from 400°C-800°C. However, the compressive and split tensile strength of the plast-crete showed a gradual reduction from 100°C-400°C and this continued from 400°C-800°C, and became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The percentage of weight loss for the normal concrete increased from 100°C-400°C, this increase continued from 400°C-800°C. The plast-crete also showed an increase in the percentage weight loss for both temperature regimes and the percent weight loss became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The normal concrete showed greater spalling than the plat-cretes. Even with the slight reduction in strength with increasing temperature, Plast-cretes can still be applied in areas where low temperature and minimal load bearing applications are needed such as fancy blocks, pedestrian walk ways, slabs, partition walls, fences, houses and light traffic structures.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks
AU  - Kevin Ibe Ejiogu
AU  - Paul Andrew Mamza
AU  - Peter Obinna Nkeonye
AU  - Shehu Aliyu Yaro
Y1  - 2018/06/02
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12
T2  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
SP  - 28
EP  - 35
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5986
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12
AB  - Thermal properties of M30 normal concrete block (NC) were compared with concrete filled with waste poly ethylene terephthalate and waste low density polyethylene aggregates which were used as partial replacement of sand in the production of concrete blocks (plast-cretes). Tests were carried out using 100mm×100mm Cubes and 100mm×200mm Cylinder for Compressive and Split tensile Test respectively. The mechanical properties of normal concrete and plast-crete were studied and compared over two temperature regimes at 100°C-400°C and 400°C-800°C. The compressive and Split Tensile strength of normal concrete increased slightly from 100°C-400°C, and reduced from 400°C-800°C. However, the compressive and split tensile strength of the plast-crete showed a gradual reduction from 100°C-400°C and this continued from 400°C-800°C, and became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The percentage of weight loss for the normal concrete increased from 100°C-400°C, this increase continued from 400°C-800°C. The plast-crete also showed an increase in the percentage weight loss for both temperature regimes and the percent weight loss became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The normal concrete showed greater spalling than the plat-cretes. Even with the slight reduction in strength with increasing temperature, Plast-cretes can still be applied in areas where low temperature and minimal load bearing applications are needed such as fancy blocks, pedestrian walk ways, slabs, partition walls, fences, houses and light traffic structures.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu

Directorate of Research and Development, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Paul Andrew Mamza

Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Peter Obinna Nkeonye

Department of Polymer & Textile Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Shehu Aliyu Yaro

Department of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu, Paul Andrew Mamza, Peter Obinna Nkeonye, Shehu Aliyu Yaro. (2018). Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks. American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 4(1), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu; Paul Andrew Mamza; Peter Obinna Nkeonye; Shehu Aliyu Yaro. Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks. Am. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. 2018, 4(1), 28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kevin Ibe Ejiogu, Paul Andrew Mamza, Peter Obinna Nkeonye, Shehu Aliyu Yaro. Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks. Am J Polym Sci Technol. 2018;4(1):28-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12,
  author = {Kevin Ibe Ejiogu and Paul Andrew Mamza and Peter Obinna Nkeonye and Shehu Aliyu Yaro},
  title = {Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks},
  journal = {American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {28-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpst.20180401.12},
  abstract = {Thermal properties of M30 normal concrete block (NC) were compared with concrete filled with waste poly ethylene terephthalate and waste low density polyethylene aggregates which were used as partial replacement of sand in the production of concrete blocks (plast-cretes). Tests were carried out using 100mm×100mm Cubes and 100mm×200mm Cylinder for Compressive and Split tensile Test respectively. The mechanical properties of normal concrete and plast-crete were studied and compared over two temperature regimes at 100°C-400°C and 400°C-800°C. The compressive and Split Tensile strength of normal concrete increased slightly from 100°C-400°C, and reduced from 400°C-800°C. However, the compressive and split tensile strength of the plast-crete showed a gradual reduction from 100°C-400°C and this continued from 400°C-800°C, and became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The percentage of weight loss for the normal concrete increased from 100°C-400°C, this increase continued from 400°C-800°C. The plast-crete also showed an increase in the percentage weight loss for both temperature regimes and the percent weight loss became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The normal concrete showed greater spalling than the plat-cretes. Even with the slight reduction in strength with increasing temperature, Plast-cretes can still be applied in areas where low temperature and minimal load bearing applications are needed such as fancy blocks, pedestrian walk ways, slabs, partition walls, fences, houses and light traffic structures.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Waste Polymers Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low Density Polyethylene Filled Normal Concrete Blocks
AU  - Kevin Ibe Ejiogu
AU  - Paul Andrew Mamza
AU  - Peter Obinna Nkeonye
AU  - Shehu Aliyu Yaro
Y1  - 2018/06/02
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12
T2  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
SP  - 28
EP  - 35
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5986
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20180401.12
AB  - Thermal properties of M30 normal concrete block (NC) were compared with concrete filled with waste poly ethylene terephthalate and waste low density polyethylene aggregates which were used as partial replacement of sand in the production of concrete blocks (plast-cretes). Tests were carried out using 100mm×100mm Cubes and 100mm×200mm Cylinder for Compressive and Split tensile Test respectively. The mechanical properties of normal concrete and plast-crete were studied and compared over two temperature regimes at 100°C-400°C and 400°C-800°C. The compressive and Split Tensile strength of normal concrete increased slightly from 100°C-400°C, and reduced from 400°C-800°C. However, the compressive and split tensile strength of the plast-crete showed a gradual reduction from 100°C-400°C and this continued from 400°C-800°C, and became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The percentage of weight loss for the normal concrete increased from 100°C-400°C, this increase continued from 400°C-800°C. The plast-crete also showed an increase in the percentage weight loss for both temperature regimes and the percent weight loss became more pronounced as the percentage of waste plastics in the plast-crete increased. The normal concrete showed greater spalling than the plat-cretes. Even with the slight reduction in strength with increasing temperature, Plast-cretes can still be applied in areas where low temperature and minimal load bearing applications are needed such as fancy blocks, pedestrian walk ways, slabs, partition walls, fences, houses and light traffic structures.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download