Central African Journal of Public Health

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Recent Examination for Assessing Epidemiological Status of Schistosoma Mansoni in Plaine Orety, Urban Area of Libreville, Gabon, Central Africa

Received: Feb. 08, 2018    Accepted: Mar. 01, 2018    Published: Aug. 09, 2018
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Abstract

Schistosoma mansoni epidemiology is very uncertain in Gabon despite its wide distribution in Sub-Saharan African whereas knowledge of schistosomiasis endemicity setting has important implications for the national policy controls. To date only two cases of S. mansoni were diagnosed by the Department of Parasitology-Mycology (DPM), Libreville-Gabon between 1995 and 2009 and both came from Plaine Orety, an urban area of Libreville. As the result of this finding a survey that we report results here was conducted to determine the epidemiological status of S. mansoni in this site. Parasitological and malacological surveys were conducted prospectively from January to May 2012. Parasitological survey included people living in Plaine Orety (Libreville) area at least three months and aged from two years upwards. Stool examination was performed using Kato-Katz technique and malacological investigations were conducted in all the streams of this area for the same period to identify the intermediate snail host of S. mansoni. A total of 495 people were examined, of them 4 cases (0.81%) were identified positive to S. mansoni with no significant influence of sex or age group (p>0.05). Infected peoples said they never went out of the country but stayed in other regions of the country, i.e. Kango, Ovan, Lambaréné, Port-Gentil, Bitam and Fougamou. No intermediate snail host of human schistosomes has been identified in the whole surveyed water sites of Plaine Orety. Freshwater snails identified are: Lymnea sp, Physa sp, Melanoides sp and Indoplanorbis exustus (intermediate snail host of cattle schistosomes in India). The finding of this study illustrate existing indigenous cases of S. mansoni in Libreville (Gabon) even if local active transmission area remains to be elucidate because of the absence of intermediate snail host Biomphalaria.

DOI 10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15
Published in Central African Journal of Public Health ( Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2018 )
Page(s) 81-85
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Schistosomiasis, Schistosoma mansoni, Epidemiological Status, Intermediate Snail Host, Libreville, Gabon

References
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[3] Kane RA, Southgate VR, Rollinson D, et al. A phylogeny based on three mitochondrial genes supports the division of Schistosoma intercalatum into two separate species. Parasitol 2003, 127(2):131-137.
[4] Pages JR, Jourdane J, Southgate VR, Tchuem-Tchuenté LA. Reconnaissance de deux espèces jumelles au sein du taxon Schistosoma intercalatum (Fisher, 1934), agent de la schistosomose humaine rectale. Description de S. guineensis n. sp. In: Combes C, Jourdane J. (Eds) Taxonomie, écologie et évolution des métazoaires parasites (2). Perpignan: Presses Universitaires, 2003: 380.
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[7] Mabika Mamfoumbi M, Moussavou Boussougou MN, Nzenze Afene S, et al. Prevalence evaluation of intestinal parasites in rural and sub-urban area in Gabon. Bull Med Owendo 2009, 12(34): 85-88.
[8] Chitsulo L, Engels D, Montresor A, Savioli L. The global status of schistosomiasis and its control. Acta Trop 2000, 77(1): 41-51.
[9] Burchard GD, Kern P. Probable hybridization between S. intercalatum and S. haematobium in Wertern Gabon. Trop Geo Med 1985, 37: 119-123.
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[13] Deschiens R and Poirier A. Aspects épidémiologiques et cliniques de la bilharziose à Schistosoma intercalatum au Gabon. Bull Soc Pathol Ex 1967, 60: 228-240.
[14] Mc Cullough FS. Les Schistosomiases en République du Gabon. Rapport de mission. Brazzaville: OMS, 1975.
[15] Njiokou F, Onguene Onguene AR, Tchuem Tchuente LA and Kenmogne A. Schistosomose urbaine au Cameroun: étude longitudinale de la transmission dans un nouveau site d’extension du foyer de schistosomose intestinale de Mélen, Yaoundé. Bull Soc Pathol Ex 2004, 97: 37-40.
[16] Tchuem Tchuente LA, Kamwa Ngassam RI, Sumo L, et al. Mapping of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the regions of centre, East and West Cameroon. PLoS Neglected Trop Dis 2012, 6(3): 15-53.
[17] World Health Organization. Preventive Chemotherapy in human helminthiasis: coordinated use of anthelminthic drugs in control interventions. Geneva: WHO, 2006.
[18] Enk MJ, Lustosa Lima AC, Costa Drummond S, Torres Schall V, and Zech Coelho PM. The effect of the number of stool samples on the observed prevalence and the infection intensity with Schistosoma mansoni among a population in area of low transmission. Acta Trop 2008, 108: 22-226.
[19] Gentile R, Gonçalves MML, Da Costa Neto SF, Da Costa MM, Peralta RHS and Peralta JM. Evaluation of immunological, parasitological and molecular methods for diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection before and after chemotherapy treatment with praziquantel in experimentally infected Nectomys squamipes. Vet Parasitol 2011, 180: 243-249.
[20] Braun-Munzinger RA and Southgate BA. Repeatability and reproducibility of egg counts of Schistosoma haematobium in urine. Trop Med Parasitol 1992, 43:149-54.
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Cite This Article
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    Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema, Bertrand Mve Ondo, Modeste Mabika Mamfoumbi, Aubin Armel Koumba, Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet, et al. (2018). Recent Examination for Assessing Epidemiological Status of Schistosoma Mansoni in Plaine Orety, Urban Area of Libreville, Gabon, Central Africa. Central African Journal of Public Health, 4(3), 81-85. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15

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    ACS Style

    Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema; Bertrand Mve Ondo; Modeste Mabika Mamfoumbi; Aubin Armel Koumba; Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet, et al. Recent Examination for Assessing Epidemiological Status of Schistosoma Mansoni in Plaine Orety, Urban Area of Libreville, Gabon, Central Africa. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2018, 4(3), 81-85. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15

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    AMA Style

    Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema, Bertrand Mve Ondo, Modeste Mabika Mamfoumbi, Aubin Armel Koumba, Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet, et al. Recent Examination for Assessing Epidemiological Status of Schistosoma Mansoni in Plaine Orety, Urban Area of Libreville, Gabon, Central Africa. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2018;4(3):81-85. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15,
      author = {Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema and Bertrand Mve Ondo and Modeste Mabika Mamfoumbi and Aubin Armel Koumba and Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet and Maryvonne Kombila},
      title = {Recent Examination for Assessing Epidemiological Status of Schistosoma Mansoni in Plaine Orety, Urban Area of Libreville, Gabon, Central Africa},
      journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {81-85},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20180403.15},
      abstract = {Schistosoma mansoni epidemiology is very uncertain in Gabon despite its wide distribution in Sub-Saharan African whereas knowledge of schistosomiasis endemicity setting has important implications for the national policy controls. To date only two cases of S. mansoni were diagnosed by the Department of Parasitology-Mycology (DPM), Libreville-Gabon between 1995 and 2009 and both came from Plaine Orety, an urban area of Libreville. As the result of this finding a survey that we report results here was conducted to determine the epidemiological status of S. mansoni in this site. Parasitological and malacological surveys were conducted prospectively from January to May 2012. Parasitological survey included people living in Plaine Orety (Libreville) area at least three months and aged from two years upwards. Stool examination was performed using Kato-Katz technique and malacological investigations were conducted in all the streams of this area for the same period to identify the intermediate snail host of S. mansoni. A total of 495 people were examined, of them 4 cases (0.81%) were identified positive to S. mansoni with no significant influence of sex or age group (p>0.05). Infected peoples said they never went out of the country but stayed in other regions of the country, i.e. Kango, Ovan, Lambaréné, Port-Gentil, Bitam and Fougamou. No intermediate snail host of human schistosomes has been identified in the whole surveyed water sites of Plaine Orety. Freshwater snails identified are: Lymnea sp, Physa sp, Melanoides sp and Indoplanorbis exustus (intermediate snail host of cattle schistosomes in India). The finding of this study illustrate existing indigenous cases of S. mansoni in Libreville (Gabon) even if local active transmission area remains to be elucidate because of the absence of intermediate snail host Biomphalaria.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Recent Examination for Assessing Epidemiological Status of Schistosoma Mansoni in Plaine Orety, Urban Area of Libreville, Gabon, Central Africa
    AU  - Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema
    AU  - Bertrand Mve Ondo
    AU  - Modeste Mabika Mamfoumbi
    AU  - Aubin Armel Koumba
    AU  - Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet
    AU  - Maryvonne Kombila
    Y1  - 2018/08/09
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15
    T2  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 81
    EP  - 85
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-5781
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20180403.15
    AB  - Schistosoma mansoni epidemiology is very uncertain in Gabon despite its wide distribution in Sub-Saharan African whereas knowledge of schistosomiasis endemicity setting has important implications for the national policy controls. To date only two cases of S. mansoni were diagnosed by the Department of Parasitology-Mycology (DPM), Libreville-Gabon between 1995 and 2009 and both came from Plaine Orety, an urban area of Libreville. As the result of this finding a survey that we report results here was conducted to determine the epidemiological status of S. mansoni in this site. Parasitological and malacological surveys were conducted prospectively from January to May 2012. Parasitological survey included people living in Plaine Orety (Libreville) area at least three months and aged from two years upwards. Stool examination was performed using Kato-Katz technique and malacological investigations were conducted in all the streams of this area for the same period to identify the intermediate snail host of S. mansoni. A total of 495 people were examined, of them 4 cases (0.81%) were identified positive to S. mansoni with no significant influence of sex or age group (p>0.05). Infected peoples said they never went out of the country but stayed in other regions of the country, i.e. Kango, Ovan, Lambaréné, Port-Gentil, Bitam and Fougamou. No intermediate snail host of human schistosomes has been identified in the whole surveyed water sites of Plaine Orety. Freshwater snails identified are: Lymnea sp, Physa sp, Melanoides sp and Indoplanorbis exustus (intermediate snail host of cattle schistosomes in India). The finding of this study illustrate existing indigenous cases of S. mansoni in Libreville (Gabon) even if local active transmission area remains to be elucidate because of the absence of intermediate snail host Biomphalaria.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Research Institute in Tropical Ecology, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Libreville, Gabon; Department of Parasitology-Mycology, School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville, Gabon

  • Department of Parasitology-Mycology, School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville, Gabon

  • Department of Parasitology-Mycology, School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville, Gabon

  • Research Institute in Tropical Ecology, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Libreville, Gabon

  • Department of Parasitology-Mycology, School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville, Gabon

  • Department of Parasitology-Mycology, School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville, Gabon

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