Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay

Afolabi Tola Toyin; Adara Peace Pamilerin; Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade; Alabi Oladunni Oyelola; Omokafe Michael Seun

doi:doi:10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay

Afolabi Tola Toyin, Adara Peace Pamilerin, Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade, Alabi Oladunni Oyelola, Omokafe Michael Seun

Published in Advances (Volume 2, Issue 2)

Received: 10 December 2020 Accepted: 28 June 2021 Published: 8 July 2021

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Abstract

The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe₂O₃, 44.50% SiO₂, 27% Al₂O₃, 3.03% TiO₂, 1.43% K₂O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO₂, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe₂O₃, 50.8% SiO₂, 26% Al₂O₃, 2.20% TiO₂, 1.37% K₂O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO₂, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.

Published in	Advances (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
Page(s)	23-29
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ile-Ife Anthill Clay, Akure Anthill Clay, Refractoriness, Foundary Properties

References

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[3]	Borode, J. O., Onyemaobi, O. O., and Omotoyinbo, J. A. (2000): Suitability of some Nigerian Clays as Refractory Raw Materials, Nigerian Journal of Engineering Management, Vol. 3, pp 14 18.
[4]	Callister, W. D. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials. 2000, 47, 69-185.
[5]	Energy Efficiency Guide for Industry in Asia (online), Thermal Energy Equipment: Furnaces and Refractories, Available at: http: www.energyefficiencyasia.org (Accessed 26/07/2010).
[6]	Gupta O. P. Elements of Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories, 5th ed., India, Romesh Chander Khanna, 2008, p. 665-791.
[7]	Hassan S. B., Adewara J. O. T., Refractory Properties of Some Nigerian Clays, Nigerian Society of Engineers Technical Transactions, NSE, Nigeria, 1994, 29 (3), p. 13-19.
[8]	Hassan S. B., Effect of Silicon Carbide on some Refractory Properties of Kankara Clay, Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology, 2005, 5, p. 21-26. 59.
[9]	Hassan, S. B. (2001): Effect of Silicon Carbide on Some Refractory Properties of Kankara Clay, proceeding on Nigerian Metallurgical society.
[10]	Hosseini P., Eslami E., Poorjafari M., Vahidi S., Madari A., The Comparison of Silicate Binder RefractoryConcreteswith Alumina Binder Concretes, First International and 14thb National Studentship Conference on Civil Engineering, Semnan University, I. R. IRAN, 2008, p. 1- 6.
[11]	Imasogie and Aramide. Refractry Properties of Locally Sourced materials for Lining Salt-bath Austempering Furnaces. Ife Journak of Technology. 2006, 15 (2), 19-26.
[12]	Ndaliman M. B., Refractory Properties of Termite Hills under Varied Proportions of additives, Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, 2006, 9, p. 161-166.
[13]	Olasupo O. A., Borode J. O., Development of Insulating Refractory Ramming Mass from Some Nigerian Refractory Raw Materials, Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, 2009, 8, p. 667-678.
[14]	Osarenmwinda, J, and C P Abel. "Performance Evaluation of Refractory Bricks produced from locally sourced Clay Materials", Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2014.

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APA Style

Afolabi Tola Toyin, Adara Peace Pamilerin, Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade, Alabi Oladunni Oyelola, Omokafe Michael Seun. (2021). Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances, 2(2), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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ACS Style

Afolabi Tola Toyin; Adara Peace Pamilerin; Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade; Alabi Oladunni Oyelola; Omokafe Michael Seun. Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances. 2021, 2(2), 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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AMA Style

Afolabi Tola Toyin, Adara Peace Pamilerin, Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade, Alabi Oladunni Oyelola, Omokafe Michael Seun. Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances. 2021;2(2):23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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@article{10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12,
  author = {Afolabi Tola Toyin and Adara Peace Pamilerin and Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade and Alabi Oladunni Oyelola and Omokafe Michael Seun},
  title = {Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20210202.12},
  abstract = {The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe2O3, 44.50% SiO2, 27% Al2O3, 3.03% TiO2, 1.43% K2O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO2, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe2O3, 50.8% SiO2, 26% Al2O3, 2.20% TiO2, 1.37% K2O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO2, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay
AU  - Afolabi Tola Toyin
AU  - Adara Peace Pamilerin
AU  - Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade
AU  - Alabi Oladunni Oyelola
AU  - Omokafe Michael Seun
Y1  - 2021/07/08
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
T2  - Advances
JF  - Advances
JO  - Advances
SP  - 23
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7200
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
AB  - The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe2O3, 44.50% SiO2, 27% Al2O3, 3.03% TiO2, 1.43% K2O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO2, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe2O3, 50.8% SiO2, 26% Al2O3, 2.20% TiO2, 1.37% K2O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO2, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Afolabi Tola Toyin

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Adara Peace Pamilerin

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Alabi Oladunni Oyelola

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Omokafe Michael Seun

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

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APA Style

Afolabi Tola Toyin, Adara Peace Pamilerin, Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade, Alabi Oladunni Oyelola, Omokafe Michael Seun. (2021). Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances, 2(2), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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ACS Style

Afolabi Tola Toyin; Adara Peace Pamilerin; Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade; Alabi Oladunni Oyelola; Omokafe Michael Seun. Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances. 2021, 2(2), 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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AMA Style

Afolabi Tola Toyin, Adara Peace Pamilerin, Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade, Alabi Oladunni Oyelola, Omokafe Michael Seun. Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances. 2021;2(2):23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12,
  author = {Afolabi Tola Toyin and Adara Peace Pamilerin and Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade and Alabi Oladunni Oyelola and Omokafe Michael Seun},
  title = {Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20210202.12},
  abstract = {The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe2O3, 44.50% SiO2, 27% Al2O3, 3.03% TiO2, 1.43% K2O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO2, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe2O3, 50.8% SiO2, 26% Al2O3, 2.20% TiO2, 1.37% K2O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO2, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay
AU  - Afolabi Tola Toyin
AU  - Adara Peace Pamilerin
AU  - Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade
AU  - Alabi Oladunni Oyelola
AU  - Omokafe Michael Seun
Y1  - 2021/07/08
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
T2  - Advances
JF  - Advances
JO  - Advances
SP  - 23
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7200
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
AB  - The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe2O3, 44.50% SiO2, 27% Al2O3, 3.03% TiO2, 1.43% K2O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO2, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe2O3, 50.8% SiO2, 26% Al2O3, 2.20% TiO2, 1.37% K2O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO2, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

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