The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (<i>Pelargonium graveolens</i> L.'Hér) Essential Oils

Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta; Attia Youssef Keratum; Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed; Hisham Moustafa El-Zun

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13

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The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils

Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta, Attia Youssef Keratum, Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed, Hisham Moustafa El-Zun

Published in American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 6 March 2021 Accepted: 18 March 2021 Published: 7 April 2021

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Abstract

Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economical plant in Egypt, Three methods of extraction (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively) were used to extract geranium essential oils from geranium herb. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extracted with the three different methods. The oil extracted with direct steam distillation is geranium oil was light green with a density of 0.889 g/ml, oil obtained from hydro distillation was geranium sreipping oil which was brownish with a density of 0.903 g/ml. while geranium stripping oil obtained with solvent extraction method was geranium absolute which was dark green with a density of 0.911 g/ml. Geranium herb were air dried for (0, 12, 24 and 48 h). All essential oils obtained were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic analysis of the geranium essential oils demonstrated that citronellol is the main constituent, accounting 29.70%, 31.80% and 18.30% of geranium oil, geranium stripping oil and geranium absolute, respectively. Air drying had a significant effect on geranium oil and geranium stripping oil, for example for geranium oil citronellol percentages were 31.22, 21.20, 28.66 and 35.40 at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. while geraniol percentages were 9.65, 5.28, 7.85 and 12.43 at same times. For geranium absolute oil air drying had no significant effect on the chemical composition of geranium absolute oil. Air drying had a significant effect on oil obtained from hydrodistillatin method, for example citronellol percentages were 26.44, 28.15, 31.85 and 29.92.

Published in	American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
Page(s)	17-21
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Geranium Oil, Geranium Absolute, Geranium Stripping Oil, Chemical Composition, Essential Oils, Air Drying

References

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[16]	Mousavi ES, Dehghanzadeh H, Abdali A (2014) Chemical Composition and Essential Oils of Pelargonium graveolens (Geraniaceae) By Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Bull. Env Pharmacol Life Sci. 3 (10): 182-184.
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Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta, Attia Youssef Keratum, Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed, Hisham Moustafa El-Zun. (2021). The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 5(1), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13

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Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta; Attia Youssef Keratum; Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed; Hisham Moustafa El-Zun. The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2021, 5(1), 17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13

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Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta, Attia Youssef Keratum, Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed, Hisham Moustafa El-Zun. The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2021;5(1):17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13,
  author = {Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta and Attia Youssef Keratum and Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed and Hisham Moustafa El-Zun},
  title = {The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {17-21},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20210501.13},
  abstract = {Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economical plant in Egypt, Three methods of extraction (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively) were used to extract geranium essential oils from geranium herb. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extracted with the three different methods. The oil extracted with direct steam distillation is geranium oil was light green with a density of 0.889 g/ml, oil obtained from hydro distillation was geranium sreipping oil which was brownish with a density of 0.903 g/ml. while geranium stripping oil obtained with solvent extraction method was geranium absolute which was dark green with a density of 0.911 g/ml. Geranium herb were air dried for (0, 12, 24 and 48 h). All essential oils obtained were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic analysis of the geranium essential oils demonstrated that citronellol is the main constituent, accounting 29.70%, 31.80% and 18.30% of geranium oil, geranium stripping oil and geranium absolute, respectively. Air drying had a significant effect on geranium oil and geranium stripping oil, for example for geranium oil citronellol percentages were 31.22, 21.20, 28.66 and 35.40 at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. while geraniol percentages were 9.65, 5.28, 7.85 and 12.43 at same times. For geranium absolute oil air drying had no significant effect on the chemical composition of geranium absolute oil. Air drying had a significant effect on oil obtained from hydrodistillatin method, for example citronellol percentages were 26.44, 28.15, 31.85 and 29.92.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils
AU  - Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta
AU  - Attia Youssef Keratum
AU  - Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed
AU  - Hisham Moustafa El-Zun
Y1  - 2021/04/07
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7294
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
AB  - Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economical plant in Egypt, Three methods of extraction (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively) were used to extract geranium essential oils from geranium herb. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extracted with the three different methods. The oil extracted with direct steam distillation is geranium oil was light green with a density of 0.889 g/ml, oil obtained from hydro distillation was geranium sreipping oil which was brownish with a density of 0.903 g/ml. while geranium stripping oil obtained with solvent extraction method was geranium absolute which was dark green with a density of 0.911 g/ml. Geranium herb were air dried for (0, 12, 24 and 48 h). All essential oils obtained were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic analysis of the geranium essential oils demonstrated that citronellol is the main constituent, accounting 29.70%, 31.80% and 18.30% of geranium oil, geranium stripping oil and geranium absolute, respectively. Air drying had a significant effect on geranium oil and geranium stripping oil, for example for geranium oil citronellol percentages were 31.22, 21.20, 28.66 and 35.40 at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. while geraniol percentages were 9.65, 5.28, 7.85 and 12.43 at same times. For geranium absolute oil air drying had no significant effect on the chemical composition of geranium absolute oil. Air drying had a significant effect on oil obtained from hydrodistillatin method, for example citronellol percentages were 26.44, 28.15, 31.85 and 29.92.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta

Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
Attia Youssef Keratum

Pesticides Chemistry and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-sheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt
Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed

Pesticides Chemistry and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-sheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt
Hisham Moustafa El-Zun

Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt

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Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta, Attia Youssef Keratum, Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed, Hisham Moustafa El-Zun. (2021). The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 5(1), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13

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ACS Style

Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta; Attia Youssef Keratum; Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed; Hisham Moustafa El-Zun. The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2021, 5(1), 17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13

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AMA Style

Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta, Attia Youssef Keratum, Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed, Hisham Moustafa El-Zun. The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2021;5(1):17-21. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13,
  author = {Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta and Attia Youssef Keratum and Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed and Hisham Moustafa El-Zun},
  title = {The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {17-21},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20210501.13},
  abstract = {Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economical plant in Egypt, Three methods of extraction (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively) were used to extract geranium essential oils from geranium herb. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extracted with the three different methods. The oil extracted with direct steam distillation is geranium oil was light green with a density of 0.889 g/ml, oil obtained from hydro distillation was geranium sreipping oil which was brownish with a density of 0.903 g/ml. while geranium stripping oil obtained with solvent extraction method was geranium absolute which was dark green with a density of 0.911 g/ml. Geranium herb were air dried for (0, 12, 24 and 48 h). All essential oils obtained were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic analysis of the geranium essential oils demonstrated that citronellol is the main constituent, accounting 29.70%, 31.80% and 18.30% of geranium oil, geranium stripping oil and geranium absolute, respectively. Air drying had a significant effect on geranium oil and geranium stripping oil, for example for geranium oil citronellol percentages were 31.22, 21.20, 28.66 and 35.40 at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. while geraniol percentages were 9.65, 5.28, 7.85 and 12.43 at same times. For geranium absolute oil air drying had no significant effect on the chemical composition of geranium absolute oil. Air drying had a significant effect on oil obtained from hydrodistillatin method, for example citronellol percentages were 26.44, 28.15, 31.85 and 29.92.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils
AU  - Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta
AU  - Attia Youssef Keratum
AU  - Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed
AU  - Hisham Moustafa El-Zun
Y1  - 2021/04/07
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
SP  - 17
EP  - 21
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7294
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
AB  - Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economical plant in Egypt, Three methods of extraction (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively) were used to extract geranium essential oils from geranium herb. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extracted with the three different methods. The oil extracted with direct steam distillation is geranium oil was light green with a density of 0.889 g/ml, oil obtained from hydro distillation was geranium sreipping oil which was brownish with a density of 0.903 g/ml. while geranium stripping oil obtained with solvent extraction method was geranium absolute which was dark green with a density of 0.911 g/ml. Geranium herb were air dried for (0, 12, 24 and 48 h). All essential oils obtained were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic analysis of the geranium essential oils demonstrated that citronellol is the main constituent, accounting 29.70%, 31.80% and 18.30% of geranium oil, geranium stripping oil and geranium absolute, respectively. Air drying had a significant effect on geranium oil and geranium stripping oil, for example for geranium oil citronellol percentages were 31.22, 21.20, 28.66 and 35.40 at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. while geraniol percentages were 9.65, 5.28, 7.85 and 12.43 at same times. For geranium absolute oil air drying had no significant effect on the chemical composition of geranium absolute oil. Air drying had a significant effect on oil obtained from hydrodistillatin method, for example citronellol percentages were 26.44, 28.15, 31.85 and 29.92.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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