Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques

Adam Gorine; Muhammad Suhaib

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12

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Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques

Adam Gorine^*

, Muhammad Suhaib

Published in American Journal of Computer Science and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 30 August 2024 Accepted: 26 September 2024 Published: 18 October 2024

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Abstract

A coming great revolution in technology is quantum computing, which opens new attacks on most of the developed cryptographic algorithms, including AES. These emerging quantum capabilities risk weakening cryptographic techniques, which safeguard a vast amount of data across the globe. This research uses Grover's algorithm to explore the vulnerabilities of the Advanced Encryption Standard to quantum attacks. By implementing quantum cryptographic algorithms and Quantum Error Correction on simulators and quantum hardware, the study evaluates the effectiveness of these techniques in mitigating noise and improving the reliability of quantum computations. The study shows that while AES is theoretically at risk due to Grover’s algorithm, which demonstrates a theoretical reduction in AES key search complexity, current hardware limitations and noise levels encountered in today’s quantum computers reduce the immediate threat and limit practical exploitation. The research also examines NTRU encryption, a quantum-resistant alternative, highlighting its robustness in quantum environments. The findings emphasize the need for further development in QEC and quantum-resistant cryptography to secure digital communications against future quantum threats. Future work will focus on advancing QEC techniques and refining quantum algorithms, addressing both hardware and theoretical advancements, including the potential use of high-capacity processors like Jiuzhang 3.0. These improvements will ensure the scalability of quantum-resistant systems to practical key sizes and usage scenarios.

Published in	American Journal of Computer Science and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12
Page(s)	139-155
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Quantum Computing, Post-Quantum Cryptography, Cryptographic Vulnerabilities, Advanced Encryption Standard, Graph Theory, Cryptographic Migration, Quantum Resistance

References

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APA Style

Gorine, A., Suhaib, M. (2024). Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques. American Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 7(4), 139-155. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12

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ACS Style

Gorine, A.; Suhaib, M. Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques. Am. J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 2024, 7(4), 139-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12

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AMA Style

Gorine A, Suhaib M. Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques. Am J Comput Sci Technol. 2024;7(4):139-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12,
  author = {Adam Gorine and Muhammad Suhaib},
  title = {Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques
},
  journal = {American Journal of Computer Science and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {139-155},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcst.20240704.12},
  abstract = {A coming great revolution in technology is quantum computing, which opens new attacks on most of the developed cryptographic algorithms, including AES. These emerging quantum capabilities risk weakening cryptographic techniques, which safeguard a vast amount of data across the globe. This research uses Grover's algorithm to explore the vulnerabilities of the Advanced Encryption Standard to quantum attacks. By implementing quantum cryptographic algorithms and Quantum Error Correction on simulators and quantum hardware, the study evaluates the effectiveness of these techniques in mitigating noise and improving the reliability of quantum computations. The study shows that while AES is theoretically at risk due to Grover’s algorithm, which demonstrates a theoretical reduction in AES key search complexity, current hardware limitations and noise levels encountered in today’s quantum computers reduce the immediate threat and limit practical exploitation. The research also examines NTRU encryption, a quantum-resistant alternative, highlighting its robustness in quantum environments. The findings emphasize the need for further development in QEC and quantum-resistant cryptography to secure digital communications against future quantum threats. Future work will focus on advancing QEC techniques and refining quantum algorithms, addressing both hardware and theoretical advancements, including the potential use of high-capacity processors like Jiuzhang 3.0. These improvements will ensure the scalability of quantum-resistant systems to practical key sizes and usage scenarios.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques

AU  - Adam Gorine
AU  - Muhammad Suhaib
Y1  - 2024/10/18
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12
T2  - American Journal of Computer Science and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Computer Science and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Computer Science and Technology
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PB  - Science Publishing Group
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AB  - A coming great revolution in technology is quantum computing, which opens new attacks on most of the developed cryptographic algorithms, including AES. These emerging quantum capabilities risk weakening cryptographic techniques, which safeguard a vast amount of data across the globe. This research uses Grover's algorithm to explore the vulnerabilities of the Advanced Encryption Standard to quantum attacks. By implementing quantum cryptographic algorithms and Quantum Error Correction on simulators and quantum hardware, the study evaluates the effectiveness of these techniques in mitigating noise and improving the reliability of quantum computations. The study shows that while AES is theoretically at risk due to Grover’s algorithm, which demonstrates a theoretical reduction in AES key search complexity, current hardware limitations and noise levels encountered in today’s quantum computers reduce the immediate threat and limit practical exploitation. The research also examines NTRU encryption, a quantum-resistant alternative, highlighting its robustness in quantum environments. The findings emphasize the need for further development in QEC and quantum-resistant cryptography to secure digital communications against future quantum threats. Future work will focus on advancing QEC techniques and refining quantum algorithms, addressing both hardware and theoretical advancements, including the potential use of high-capacity processors like Jiuzhang 3.0. These improvements will ensure the scalability of quantum-resistant systems to practical key sizes and usage scenarios.

VL  - 7
IS  - 4
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Author Information

Adam Gorine

School of Computing and Creative Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7378-8933
Muhammad Suhaib

School of Computing and Creative Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0005-6978-5963

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APA Style

Gorine, A., Suhaib, M. (2024). Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques. American Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 7(4), 139-155. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12

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ACS Style

Gorine, A.; Suhaib, M. Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques. Am. J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 2024, 7(4), 139-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12

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AMA Style

Gorine A, Suhaib M. Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques. Am J Comput Sci Technol. 2024;7(4):139-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12,
  author = {Adam Gorine and Muhammad Suhaib},
  title = {Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques
},
  journal = {American Journal of Computer Science and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {139-155},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcst.20240704.12},
  abstract = {A coming great revolution in technology is quantum computing, which opens new attacks on most of the developed cryptographic algorithms, including AES. These emerging quantum capabilities risk weakening cryptographic techniques, which safeguard a vast amount of data across the globe. This research uses Grover's algorithm to explore the vulnerabilities of the Advanced Encryption Standard to quantum attacks. By implementing quantum cryptographic algorithms and Quantum Error Correction on simulators and quantum hardware, the study evaluates the effectiveness of these techniques in mitigating noise and improving the reliability of quantum computations. The study shows that while AES is theoretically at risk due to Grover’s algorithm, which demonstrates a theoretical reduction in AES key search complexity, current hardware limitations and noise levels encountered in today’s quantum computers reduce the immediate threat and limit practical exploitation. The research also examines NTRU encryption, a quantum-resistant alternative, highlighting its robustness in quantum environments. The findings emphasize the need for further development in QEC and quantum-resistant cryptography to secure digital communications against future quantum threats. Future work will focus on advancing QEC techniques and refining quantum algorithms, addressing both hardware and theoretical advancements, including the potential use of high-capacity processors like Jiuzhang 3.0. These improvements will ensure the scalability of quantum-resistant systems to practical key sizes and usage scenarios.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring AES Encryption Implementation Through Quantum Computing Techniques

AU  - Adam Gorine
AU  - Muhammad Suhaib
Y1  - 2024/10/18
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12
T2  - American Journal of Computer Science and Technology
JF  - American Journal of Computer Science and Technology
JO  - American Journal of Computer Science and Technology
SP  - 139
EP  - 155
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-012X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcst.20240704.12
AB  - A coming great revolution in technology is quantum computing, which opens new attacks on most of the developed cryptographic algorithms, including AES. These emerging quantum capabilities risk weakening cryptographic techniques, which safeguard a vast amount of data across the globe. This research uses Grover's algorithm to explore the vulnerabilities of the Advanced Encryption Standard to quantum attacks. By implementing quantum cryptographic algorithms and Quantum Error Correction on simulators and quantum hardware, the study evaluates the effectiveness of these techniques in mitigating noise and improving the reliability of quantum computations. The study shows that while AES is theoretically at risk due to Grover’s algorithm, which demonstrates a theoretical reduction in AES key search complexity, current hardware limitations and noise levels encountered in today’s quantum computers reduce the immediate threat and limit practical exploitation. The research also examines NTRU encryption, a quantum-resistant alternative, highlighting its robustness in quantum environments. The findings emphasize the need for further development in QEC and quantum-resistant cryptography to secure digital communications against future quantum threats. Future work will focus on advancing QEC techniques and refining quantum algorithms, addressing both hardware and theoretical advancements, including the potential use of high-capacity processors like Jiuzhang 3.0. These improvements will ensure the scalability of quantum-resistant systems to practical key sizes and usage scenarios.

VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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