@article{10.11648/j.ajee.20261402.11,
  author = {Samsul Islam and Md. Jakir Hossen and Md. Ashikur Rahman and Mohammad Zoynal Abedin and Jahirul Islam and Nurul Hoda Sanid and Zahid Ahsan and Amanullah Moral and Md. Saiful Islam and Al-Amin and Md. Tasdid Hasan and Md Sajedul Islam and Md. Erfanul Hasan Sakib and Md. Abdulla Al Korais and Abdur Rahman Muin and Md. Mobashir Hosain and Md. Fardouse Alam and Mohammad Monirul Kabir Mridha and Md. Hossain Ali and Md. Rezaul Karim Sikder and Shariful Islam and Md Ashraful Islam Bhuiyan},
  title = {Radioactive Waste Management and Safety Frameworks for VVER-1200 Reactors at the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant: A Comprehensive Review},
  journal = {American Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {14},
  number = {2},
  pages = {45-55},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajee.20261402.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20261402.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajee.20261402.11},
  abstract = {Bangladesh's entry into the nuclear age with the construction of its first commercial nuclear power project, the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant (RNPP), featuring two Generation III+ VVER-1200 units supplied by the Russian Federation, is a significant step towards achieving energy security. However, this significant technological advancement necessitates the parallel establishment of robust, internationally compliant strategies for the safe and sustainable management of radioactive waste (RW). This comprehensive review systematically synthesizes the proposed and implemented approaches for RW treatment, disposal, and regulatory oversight at the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant, providing a critical analysis of the country's "National Policy on Radioactive Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel Management-2019" and associated bilateral agreements. The primary finding highlights the strategic success of the policy, which mandates the repatriation of all high-level waste (Spent Nuclear Fuel, SNF) back to Russia, thereby eliminating the nation's most significant long-term nuclear liability. This agreement effectively offloads the burden of managing an estimated 50-60 tons of highly radioactive waste annually (fuel inventory and discharge estimates commensurate with 2.4 GWe plant capacity). Conversely, the review focuses on the domestic challenge of managing Low and Intermediate-Level Waste (LILW), examining the specialized technical systems for treating solid radioactive waste (SRW), liquid radioactive waste (LRW), and gaseous waste, including solidification processes and interim storage plans. Furthermore, the paper critically outlines the required strengthening of the regulatory framework under the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority (BAERA) and identifies critical long-term gaps. These gaps include the absence of a formalized repository for final disposal of Low and Intermediate-Level Waste, the need for fully capitalized financial assurance funds, and the necessity for sustained investment in institutional capacity and human resources. This review contributes a vital synthesis to the literature on nuclear new build programs, particularly for developing nations, by detailing strategic solutions and outlining the immediate technical, regulatory, and financial priorities required to ensure the long-term safety and sustainability of the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant.},
 year = {2026}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radioactive Waste Management and Safety Frameworks for VVER-1200 Reactors at the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant: A Comprehensive Review
AU  - Samsul Islam
AU  - Md. Jakir Hossen
AU  - Md. Ashikur Rahman
AU  - Mohammad Zoynal Abedin
AU  - Jahirul Islam
AU  - Nurul Hoda Sanid
AU  - Zahid Ahsan
AU  - Amanullah Moral
AU  - Md. Saiful Islam
AU  - Al-Amin
AU  - Md. Tasdid Hasan
AU  - Md Sajedul Islam
AU  - Md. Erfanul Hasan Sakib
AU  - Md. Abdulla Al Korais
AU  - Abdur Rahman Muin
AU  - Md. Mobashir Hosain
AU  - Md. Fardouse Alam
AU  - Mohammad Monirul Kabir Mridha
AU  - Md. Hossain Ali
AU  - Md. Rezaul Karim Sikder
AU  - Shariful Islam
AU  - Md Ashraful Islam Bhuiyan
Y1  - 2026/04/10
PY  - 2026
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20261402.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajee.20261402.11
T2  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
SP  - 45
EP  - 55
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-163X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20261402.11
AB  - Bangladesh's entry into the nuclear age with the construction of its first commercial nuclear power project, the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant (RNPP), featuring two Generation III+ VVER-1200 units supplied by the Russian Federation, is a significant step towards achieving energy security. However, this significant technological advancement necessitates the parallel establishment of robust, internationally compliant strategies for the safe and sustainable management of radioactive waste (RW). This comprehensive review systematically synthesizes the proposed and implemented approaches for RW treatment, disposal, and regulatory oversight at the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant, providing a critical analysis of the country's "National Policy on Radioactive Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel Management-2019" and associated bilateral agreements. The primary finding highlights the strategic success of the policy, which mandates the repatriation of all high-level waste (Spent Nuclear Fuel, SNF) back to Russia, thereby eliminating the nation's most significant long-term nuclear liability. This agreement effectively offloads the burden of managing an estimated 50-60 tons of highly radioactive waste annually (fuel inventory and discharge estimates commensurate with 2.4 GWe plant capacity). Conversely, the review focuses on the domestic challenge of managing Low and Intermediate-Level Waste (LILW), examining the specialized technical systems for treating solid radioactive waste (SRW), liquid radioactive waste (LRW), and gaseous waste, including solidification processes and interim storage plans. Furthermore, the paper critically outlines the required strengthening of the regulatory framework under the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority (BAERA) and identifies critical long-term gaps. These gaps include the absence of a formalized repository for final disposal of Low and Intermediate-Level Waste, the need for fully capitalized financial assurance funds, and the necessity for sustained investment in institutional capacity and human resources. This review contributes a vital synthesis to the literature on nuclear new build programs, particularly for developing nations, by detailing strategic solutions and outlining the immediate technical, regulatory, and financial priorities required to ensure the long-term safety and sustainability of the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant.
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
ER  - 

Copy | Download