Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women

Tracey Leigh Clissold; John Barry Cronin; Mary Jane De Souza; Daniel Wilson; Paul William Winwood

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12

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Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women

Tracey Leigh Clissold, John Barry Cronin, Mary Jane De Souza, Daniel Wilson, Paul William Winwood

Published in American Journal of Sports Science (Volume 10, Issue 1)

Received: 26 November 2021 Accepted: 14 December 2021 Published: 9 February 2022

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to quantify ground reaction forces across all planes of motion and determine the influence of instruction associated with vertical, forward and lateral hop landings in premenopausal women. Bilateral jump-landings have previously been the focus in this population with forces quantified primarily in the vertical direction. There is a need to understand and quantify the landing forces for different types of exercises to determine their osteogenic potential as a stimulus for bone development across the life stages, in addition to identifying at risk populations. Such exercises could help to build a better skeleton, and maintenance of that would decrease the susceptibility to fractures and osteoporosis in later years. Twenty-one women [Mean (SD): 43.3 (5.9) yr; 69.4 (9.6) kg; 167 (5.5) cm; 27.5 (8.7) % body fat] performed a testing session ‘with instruction’ followed by a testing session performed one week later with ‘instruction withdrawn’. The resultant magnitudes (4.02 to 4.93 body weights, BW’s) and rates of strain (237 to 319, body weights per second, BW/s), exceeded previously determined jump-landings thresholds (>3BW’s and >43BW/s, respectively) that have achieved bone gains in this population. Jump-type effects were observed, with larger peak vertical and resultant forces (↑10% to ↑14%; p ≤.001, BW) produced for the vertical hop. Significant differences (p ≤.001) were detected for hop landing ground reaction force’s across all planes of motion (19% to 93%) suggesting that each landing type provides a different type of force distribution as required to optimize bone stimulation. These multidirectional hop-landings represent a unique training stimulus for premenopausal women and exceed osteogenic thresholds thought pre-requisite for bone growth.

Published in	American Journal of Sports Science (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12
Page(s)	5-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bone, Impact Exercise, Jump-landings, Unilateral, Ground Reaction Forces

References

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APA Style

Tracey Leigh Clissold, John Barry Cronin, Mary Jane De Souza, Daniel Wilson, Paul William Winwood. (2022). Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women. American Journal of Sports Science, 10(1), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12

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ACS Style

Tracey Leigh Clissold; John Barry Cronin; Mary Jane De Souza; Daniel Wilson; Paul William Winwood. Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women. Am. J. Sports Sci. 2022, 10(1), 5-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12

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AMA Style

Tracey Leigh Clissold, John Barry Cronin, Mary Jane De Souza, Daniel Wilson, Paul William Winwood. Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women. Am J Sports Sci. 2022;10(1):5-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12,
  author = {Tracey Leigh Clissold and John Barry Cronin and Mary Jane De Souza and Daniel Wilson and Paul William Winwood},
  title = {Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women},
  journal = {American Journal of Sports Science},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {5-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajss.20221001.12},
  abstract = {The purpose of this study was to quantify ground reaction forces across all planes of motion and determine the influence of instruction associated with vertical, forward and lateral hop landings in premenopausal women. Bilateral jump-landings have previously been the focus in this population with forces quantified primarily in the vertical direction. There is a need to understand and quantify the landing forces for different types of exercises to determine their osteogenic potential as a stimulus for bone development across the life stages, in addition to identifying at risk populations. Such exercises could help to build a better skeleton, and maintenance of that would decrease the susceptibility to fractures and osteoporosis in later years. Twenty-one women [Mean (SD): 43.3 (5.9) yr; 69.4 (9.6) kg; 167 (5.5) cm; 27.5 (8.7) % body fat] performed a testing session ‘with instruction’ followed by a testing session performed one week later with ‘instruction withdrawn’. The resultant magnitudes (4.02 to 4.93 body weights, BW’s) and rates of strain (237 to 319, body weights per second, BW/s), exceeded previously determined jump-landings thresholds (>3BW’s and >43BW/s, respectively) that have achieved bone gains in this population. Jump-type effects were observed, with larger peak vertical and resultant forces (↑10% to ↑14%; p ≤.001, BW) produced for the vertical hop. Significant differences (p ≤.001) were detected for hop landing ground reaction force’s across all planes of motion (19% to 93%) suggesting that each landing type provides a different type of force distribution as required to optimize bone stimulation. These multidirectional hop-landings represent a unique training stimulus for premenopausal women and exceed osteogenic thresholds thought pre-requisite for bone growth.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women
AU  - Tracey Leigh Clissold
AU  - John Barry Cronin
AU  - Mary Jane De Souza
AU  - Daniel Wilson
AU  - Paul William Winwood
Y1  - 2022/02/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12
T2  - American Journal of Sports Science
JF  - American Journal of Sports Science
JO  - American Journal of Sports Science
SP  - 5
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8540
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12
AB  - The purpose of this study was to quantify ground reaction forces across all planes of motion and determine the influence of instruction associated with vertical, forward and lateral hop landings in premenopausal women. Bilateral jump-landings have previously been the focus in this population with forces quantified primarily in the vertical direction. There is a need to understand and quantify the landing forces for different types of exercises to determine their osteogenic potential as a stimulus for bone development across the life stages, in addition to identifying at risk populations. Such exercises could help to build a better skeleton, and maintenance of that would decrease the susceptibility to fractures and osteoporosis in later years. Twenty-one women [Mean (SD): 43.3 (5.9) yr; 69.4 (9.6) kg; 167 (5.5) cm; 27.5 (8.7) % body fat] performed a testing session ‘with instruction’ followed by a testing session performed one week later with ‘instruction withdrawn’. The resultant magnitudes (4.02 to 4.93 body weights, BW’s) and rates of strain (237 to 319, body weights per second, BW/s), exceeded previously determined jump-landings thresholds (>3BW’s and >43BW/s, respectively) that have achieved bone gains in this population. Jump-type effects were observed, with larger peak vertical and resultant forces (↑10% to ↑14%; p ≤.001, BW) produced for the vertical hop. Significant differences (p ≤.001) were detected for hop landing ground reaction force’s across all planes of motion (19% to 93%) suggesting that each landing type provides a different type of force distribution as required to optimize bone stimulation. These multidirectional hop-landings represent a unique training stimulus for premenopausal women and exceed osteogenic thresholds thought pre-requisite for bone growth.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Tracey Leigh Clissold

Department of Sport and Fitness, Faculty of Health, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Education and Environment, Tauranga, New Zealand
John Barry Cronin

Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology University, Auckland, New Zealand
Mary Jane De Souza

Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States
Daniel Wilson

Department of Sport and Fitness, Faculty of Health, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Education and Environment, Tauranga, New Zealand
Paul William Winwood

Department of Sport and Fitness, Faculty of Health, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Education and Environment, Tauranga, New Zealand

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APA Style

Tracey Leigh Clissold, John Barry Cronin, Mary Jane De Souza, Daniel Wilson, Paul William Winwood. (2022). Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women. American Journal of Sports Science, 10(1), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12

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ACS Style

Tracey Leigh Clissold; John Barry Cronin; Mary Jane De Souza; Daniel Wilson; Paul William Winwood. Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women. Am. J. Sports Sci. 2022, 10(1), 5-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12

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AMA Style

Tracey Leigh Clissold, John Barry Cronin, Mary Jane De Souza, Daniel Wilson, Paul William Winwood. Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women. Am J Sports Sci. 2022;10(1):5-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12,
  author = {Tracey Leigh Clissold and John Barry Cronin and Mary Jane De Souza and Daniel Wilson and Paul William Winwood},
  title = {Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women},
  journal = {American Journal of Sports Science},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {5-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajss.20221001.12},
  abstract = {The purpose of this study was to quantify ground reaction forces across all planes of motion and determine the influence of instruction associated with vertical, forward and lateral hop landings in premenopausal women. Bilateral jump-landings have previously been the focus in this population with forces quantified primarily in the vertical direction. There is a need to understand and quantify the landing forces for different types of exercises to determine their osteogenic potential as a stimulus for bone development across the life stages, in addition to identifying at risk populations. Such exercises could help to build a better skeleton, and maintenance of that would decrease the susceptibility to fractures and osteoporosis in later years. Twenty-one women [Mean (SD): 43.3 (5.9) yr; 69.4 (9.6) kg; 167 (5.5) cm; 27.5 (8.7) % body fat] performed a testing session ‘with instruction’ followed by a testing session performed one week later with ‘instruction withdrawn’. The resultant magnitudes (4.02 to 4.93 body weights, BW’s) and rates of strain (237 to 319, body weights per second, BW/s), exceeded previously determined jump-landings thresholds (>3BW’s and >43BW/s, respectively) that have achieved bone gains in this population. Jump-type effects were observed, with larger peak vertical and resultant forces (↑10% to ↑14%; p ≤.001, BW) produced for the vertical hop. Significant differences (p ≤.001) were detected for hop landing ground reaction force’s across all planes of motion (19% to 93%) suggesting that each landing type provides a different type of force distribution as required to optimize bone stimulation. These multidirectional hop-landings represent a unique training stimulus for premenopausal women and exceed osteogenic thresholds thought pre-requisite for bone growth.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multidirectional Hop Landings Exceed Osteogenic Thresholds with and with Instruction Withdrawn in Premenopausal Women
AU  - Tracey Leigh Clissold
AU  - John Barry Cronin
AU  - Mary Jane De Souza
AU  - Daniel Wilson
AU  - Paul William Winwood
Y1  - 2022/02/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12
T2  - American Journal of Sports Science
JF  - American Journal of Sports Science
JO  - American Journal of Sports Science
SP  - 5
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8540
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.12
AB  - The purpose of this study was to quantify ground reaction forces across all planes of motion and determine the influence of instruction associated with vertical, forward and lateral hop landings in premenopausal women. Bilateral jump-landings have previously been the focus in this population with forces quantified primarily in the vertical direction. There is a need to understand and quantify the landing forces for different types of exercises to determine their osteogenic potential as a stimulus for bone development across the life stages, in addition to identifying at risk populations. Such exercises could help to build a better skeleton, and maintenance of that would decrease the susceptibility to fractures and osteoporosis in later years. Twenty-one women [Mean (SD): 43.3 (5.9) yr; 69.4 (9.6) kg; 167 (5.5) cm; 27.5 (8.7) % body fat] performed a testing session ‘with instruction’ followed by a testing session performed one week later with ‘instruction withdrawn’. The resultant magnitudes (4.02 to 4.93 body weights, BW’s) and rates of strain (237 to 319, body weights per second, BW/s), exceeded previously determined jump-landings thresholds (>3BW’s and >43BW/s, respectively) that have achieved bone gains in this population. Jump-type effects were observed, with larger peak vertical and resultant forces (↑10% to ↑14%; p ≤.001, BW) produced for the vertical hop. Significant differences (p ≤.001) were detected for hop landing ground reaction force’s across all planes of motion (19% to 93%) suggesting that each landing type provides a different type of force distribution as required to optimize bone stimulation. These multidirectional hop-landings represent a unique training stimulus for premenopausal women and exceed osteogenic thresholds thought pre-requisite for bone growth.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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