The ability to monitor and maintain player readiness and fatigue is paramount to the success of a basketball team over the competitive season. Countermovement jumps (CMJ) are a popular method of quantifying neuromuscular performance and readiness of athletes. Since conference play at the end of the season is when players are needed to perform at their best, a CMJ can also be used to monitor lower body fatigue. Previous research is inconclusive regarding the impact of a competitive season on player fatigue and readiness. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the changes in neuromuscular readiness and lower body power over the duration of a competitive season in male collegiate basketball players. CMJ data of nine collegiate basketball players, who played in all the conference games and conference tournament games, were analyzed. All players were assessed at the beginning of and throughout the season. Players performed CMJs twice each week. A players’ best CMJ performance and the preceding jump (so two consecutive jumps) were averaged for this analysis. In addition to jump height, time to take-off, average relative propulsive power, and modified reactive strength index (mRSI) were measured. Players either maintained or improved their vertical jump height over the competitive playing season. There was a significant increase in jump height during the 18-week period of competitive play. There was no statistical change in time to takeoff, over the 18-week period. Although 7 players improved their average relative propulsive power over the competitive season, there was no significant difference statistically. No statistical change was seen for modified reactive strength index. The results of this study did not see a decline in neuromuscular readiness or lower body power over the duration of a competitive season in male collegiate basketball players. Previous studies have reported a decrease in strength and power at the conclusion of the competitive season. Based on results from this study, the ability of the players to produce force quickly was not negatively impacted by games, travel, strength training and practice stress. Monitoring CMJ performance is a valuable method for coaches trying to maintain player’s neuromuscular readiness and lower body power during a competitive Division I basketball season.
Published in | American Journal of Sports Science (Volume 11, Issue 1) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14 |
Page(s) | 33-40 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Countermovement Jump, Athlete Monitoring, Neuromuscular Readiness, Lower Body Power, Basketball
[1] | Stojanović, E., Stojiljković, N., Scanlan, A. T., Dalbo, V. J., Berkelmans, D. M., & Milanović, Z. (2018). The activity demands and physiological responses encountered during basketball match-play: a systematic review. Sports Medicine, 48 (1), 111-135. |
[2] | Sanders, G. J., Boos, B., Rhodes, J., Kollock, R. O., Peacock, C. A., & Scheadler, C. M. (2019). Factors associated with minimal changes in countermovement jump performance throughout a competitive division I collegiate basketball season. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37 (19), 2236-2242. |
[3] | Abdelkrim, N. B., El Fazaa, S., & El Ati, J. (2007). Time–motion analysis and physiological data of elite under-19-year-old basketball players during competition. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41 (2), 69-75. |
[4] | Scanlan, A., Dascombe, B., & Reaburn, P. (2011). A comparison of the activity demands of elite and sub-elite Australian men's basketball competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29 (11), 1153-1160. |
[5] | Taylor, K., Chapman, D., Cronin, J., Newton, M. J., & Gill, N. (2012). Fatigue monitoring in high performance sport: a survey of current trends. Journal of Australian Strength and Conditioning, 20 (1), 12-23. |
[6] | King, K. (2014). Effects of an in-season resistance training program on lower extremity power output in collegiate basketball players. University of Arkansas. |
[7] | McLean, B. D., Coutts, A. J., Kelly, V., McGuigan, M. R., & Cormack, S. J. (2010). Neuromuscular, endocrine, and perceptual fatigue responses during different length between-match microcycles in professional rugby league players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 5 (3), 367-383. |
[8] | Hoffman, J. R., Fry, A. C., Howard, R., Maresh, C. M., & Kraemer, W. J. (1991). Strength, speed and endurance changes during the course of a division I basketball season. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 5 (3), 144-149. |
[9] | Cormack, S. J., Newton, R. U., McGuigan, M. R., & Cormie, P. (2008). Neuromuscular and endocrine responses of elite players during an Australian rules football season. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 3 (4), 439-453. |
[10] | Jiménez-Reyes, P., Samozino, P., Pareja-Blanco, F., Conceição, F., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., González-Badillo, J. J., & Morin, J. B. (2017). Validity of a simple method for measuring force-velocity-power profile in countermovement jump. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12 (1), 36-43. |
[11] | Badby, A. J., Mundy, P., Comfort, P., Lake, J., & McMahon, J. J. (2022). Agreement among countermovement jump force-time variables obtained from a wireless dual force plate system and an industry gold standard system. International Society of Biomechanics in Sport Proceedings Archive, 40 (1), 58-61. |
[12] | Markovic, G. (2007). Does plyometric training improve vertical jump height? A meta-analytical review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41 (6), 349-355. |
[13] | Lombard, W., Reid, S., Pearson, K., & Lambert, M. (2017). Reliability of metrics associated with a counter-movement jump performed on a force plate. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 21 (4), 235-243. |
[14] | Markovic, G., Dizdar, D., Jukic, I., & Cardinale, M. (2004). Reliability and factorial validity of squat and countermovement jump tests. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18 (3), 551-555. |
[15] | Sheppard, J. M., Gabbett, T. J., & Stanganelli, L. C. (2009). An analysis of playing positions in elite men’s volleyball: Considerations for competition demands and physiologic characteristics. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23 (6), 1858-1866. |
[16] | Taylor, K. L., Cronin, J., Gill, N. D., Chapman, D. W., & Sheppard, J. (2010). Sources of variability in iso-inertial jump assessments. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 5 (4), 546-558. |
[17] | Claudino, J. G., Cronin, J., Mezêncio, B., McMaster, D. T., McGuigan, M., Tricoli, V., & Serrão, J. C. (2017). The countermovement jump to monitor neuromuscular status: A meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20 (4), 397-402. |
[18] | Legg, J., Pyne, D. B., Semple, S., & Ball, N. (2017). Variability of jump kinetics related to training load in elite female basketball. Sports, 5 (85), 1-9. |
[19] | Sanders, G. J., Boos, B., Shipley, F., Scheadler, C. M., & Peacock, C. A. (2018). An accelerometer-based training load analysis to assess volleyball performance. Journal of Exercise and Nutrition, 1 (1), 1-5. |
[20] | McLellan, C. P., Lovell, D. I., & Gass, G. C. (2011). Markers of postmatch fatigue in professional rugby league players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 1030-1039. |
[21] | Johnston, R. D., Gibson, N. V., Twist, C., Gabbett, T. J., MacNay, S. A., & MacFarlane, N. G. (2013). Physiological responses to an intensified period of rugby league competition. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 643-654. |
[22] | Crowder, G. E., Pexa, B. S., Ford, K. R., & Waxman, J. P. (2020). The Validation of a Portable Dual-Force Plate System for Assessing Countermovement Jump Performance. Conference: American Society of Biomechanics, Atlanta, GA. |
[23] | Whitehead, P. N., Conners, R. T., & Shimizu, T. S. (2019). The effect of in-season demands on lower-body power and fatigue in male collegiate hockey players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33 (4), 1035-1042. |
[24] | Mooney, M. G., Cormack, S., O’Brien B, J., Morgan, W. M., & McGuigan, M. (2013). Impact of neuromuscular fatigue on match exercise intensity and performance in elite Australian football. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27 (1), 166-173. |
[25] | Kennedy, R., & Drake, D. (2017). The effect of acute fatigue on countermovement jump performance in rugby union players during preseason. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57 (10), 1261-1266. |
[26] | Hoffman, J. R., & Kaminsky, M. (2000). Use of performance testing for monitoring overtraining in elite youth basketball players. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 22 (6), 54-62. |
[27] | Spiteri, T., Nimphius, S., Wolski, A., & Bird, S. (2013). Monitoring neuromuscular fatigue in female basketball players across training and game performance. Journal of Australian Strength and Conditioning, 21, 73-74. |
[28] | Wu, P. P. Y., Sterkenburg, N., Everett, K., Chapman, D. W., White, N., & Mengersen, K. (2019). Predicting fatigue using countermovement jump force-time signatures: PCA can distinguish neuromuscular versus metabolic fatigue. PLoS One, 14 (7), e0219295, 1-16. |
[29] | Kraemer, W. J., French, D. N., Paxton, N. J., Häkkinen, K., Volek, J. S., Sebastianelli, W. J., & Knuttgen, H. G. (2004). Changes in exercise performance and hormonal concentrations over a big ten soccer season in starters and nonstarters. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18 (1), 121-128. |
[30] | Oliver, J. L., Lloyd, R. S., & Whitney, A. (2015). Monitoring of in-season neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue in youth rugby players. European Journal of Sport Science, 15 (6), 514-522. |
[31] | Caterisano, A., Patrick, B. T., Edenfield, W. L., & Batson, M. J. (1997). The effects of a basketball season on aerobic and strength parameters among college men: Starters vs. reserves. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 11 (1), 21-24. |
[32] | Oliver, J., Armstrong, N., & Williams, C. (2008). Changes in jump performance and muscle activity following soccer-specific exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26 (2), 141-148. |
[33] | Byrne, C., & Eston, R. (2002). The effect of exercise-induced muscle damage on isometric and dynamic knee extensor strength and vertical jump performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 20, 417-425. |
[34] | Nicol, C., Komi, P. V., & Marconnet, P. (1991). Fatigue effects of marathon running on neuromuscular performance, I. Changes in muscle force and stiffness characteristics. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 1, 10-17. |
[35] | Wen, N., Dalbo, V. J., Burgos, B., Pyne, D. B., & Scanlan, A. T. (2018). Power testing in basketball: Current practice and future recommendations. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32 (9), 2677-2691. |
[36] | Al Haddad, H., Simpson, B. M., & Buchheit, M. (2015). Monitoring changes in jump and sprint performance: best or average values? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10 (7), 931-934. |
[37] | Moir, G. L. (2008). Three different methods of calculating vertical jump height from force platform data in men and women. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 12 (4), 207-218. |
[38] | Bolonchuk, W. W., Lukaski, H. C., & Siders, W. A. (1991). The structural, functional, and nutritional adaptation of college basketball players over a season. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 31 (2), 165-172. |
[39] | Hoffman, J. R., Maresh, C. M., Armstrong, L. E., & Kraemer, W. J. (1991). Effects of off-season and in-season resistance training programs on a collegiate male basketball team. Journal of Human Muscle Performance, 1 (2), 48-55. |
[40] | Edwards, T., Spiteri, T., Piggott, B., Bonhotal, J., Haff, G. G., & Joyce, C. (2018). Monitoring and managing fatigue in basketball. Sports, 6 (1), 1-14. |
APA Style
Scott Murr, Matthew Aldred, Justin Games. (2023). Monitoring Countermovement Jump Performance for Division I Basketball Players over the Competitive Season. American Journal of Sports Science, 11(1), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14
ACS Style
Scott Murr; Matthew Aldred; Justin Games. Monitoring Countermovement Jump Performance for Division I Basketball Players over the Competitive Season. Am. J. Sports Sci. 2023, 11(1), 33-40. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14
AMA Style
Scott Murr, Matthew Aldred, Justin Games. Monitoring Countermovement Jump Performance for Division I Basketball Players over the Competitive Season. Am J Sports Sci. 2023;11(1):33-40. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14
@article{10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14, author = {Scott Murr and Matthew Aldred and Justin Games}, title = {Monitoring Countermovement Jump Performance for Division I Basketball Players over the Competitive Season}, journal = {American Journal of Sports Science}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {33-40}, doi = {10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajss.20231101.14}, abstract = {The ability to monitor and maintain player readiness and fatigue is paramount to the success of a basketball team over the competitive season. Countermovement jumps (CMJ) are a popular method of quantifying neuromuscular performance and readiness of athletes. Since conference play at the end of the season is when players are needed to perform at their best, a CMJ can also be used to monitor lower body fatigue. Previous research is inconclusive regarding the impact of a competitive season on player fatigue and readiness. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the changes in neuromuscular readiness and lower body power over the duration of a competitive season in male collegiate basketball players. CMJ data of nine collegiate basketball players, who played in all the conference games and conference tournament games, were analyzed. All players were assessed at the beginning of and throughout the season. Players performed CMJs twice each week. A players’ best CMJ performance and the preceding jump (so two consecutive jumps) were averaged for this analysis. In addition to jump height, time to take-off, average relative propulsive power, and modified reactive strength index (mRSI) were measured. Players either maintained or improved their vertical jump height over the competitive playing season. There was a significant increase in jump height during the 18-week period of competitive play. There was no statistical change in time to takeoff, over the 18-week period. Although 7 players improved their average relative propulsive power over the competitive season, there was no significant difference statistically. No statistical change was seen for modified reactive strength index. The results of this study did not see a decline in neuromuscular readiness or lower body power over the duration of a competitive season in male collegiate basketball players. Previous studies have reported a decrease in strength and power at the conclusion of the competitive season. Based on results from this study, the ability of the players to produce force quickly was not negatively impacted by games, travel, strength training and practice stress. Monitoring CMJ performance is a valuable method for coaches trying to maintain player’s neuromuscular readiness and lower body power during a competitive Division I basketball season.}, year = {2023} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Countermovement Jump Performance for Division I Basketball Players over the Competitive Season AU - Scott Murr AU - Matthew Aldred AU - Justin Games Y1 - 2023/03/28 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14 DO - 10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14 T2 - American Journal of Sports Science JF - American Journal of Sports Science JO - American Journal of Sports Science SP - 33 EP - 40 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8540 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20231101.14 AB - The ability to monitor and maintain player readiness and fatigue is paramount to the success of a basketball team over the competitive season. Countermovement jumps (CMJ) are a popular method of quantifying neuromuscular performance and readiness of athletes. Since conference play at the end of the season is when players are needed to perform at their best, a CMJ can also be used to monitor lower body fatigue. Previous research is inconclusive regarding the impact of a competitive season on player fatigue and readiness. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the changes in neuromuscular readiness and lower body power over the duration of a competitive season in male collegiate basketball players. CMJ data of nine collegiate basketball players, who played in all the conference games and conference tournament games, were analyzed. All players were assessed at the beginning of and throughout the season. Players performed CMJs twice each week. A players’ best CMJ performance and the preceding jump (so two consecutive jumps) were averaged for this analysis. In addition to jump height, time to take-off, average relative propulsive power, and modified reactive strength index (mRSI) were measured. Players either maintained or improved their vertical jump height over the competitive playing season. There was a significant increase in jump height during the 18-week period of competitive play. There was no statistical change in time to takeoff, over the 18-week period. Although 7 players improved their average relative propulsive power over the competitive season, there was no significant difference statistically. No statistical change was seen for modified reactive strength index. The results of this study did not see a decline in neuromuscular readiness or lower body power over the duration of a competitive season in male collegiate basketball players. Previous studies have reported a decrease in strength and power at the conclusion of the competitive season. Based on results from this study, the ability of the players to produce force quickly was not negatively impacted by games, travel, strength training and practice stress. Monitoring CMJ performance is a valuable method for coaches trying to maintain player’s neuromuscular readiness and lower body power during a competitive Division I basketball season. VL - 11 IS - 1 ER -