@article{10.11648/j.bmb.20230802.12,
  author = {Calvino Fomboh Tah and Akindeh Mbuh Nji and Jean Paul Kengne Chedjou and Lesley Ngum Ngum and Carine Nguefeu Nkenfou Tchinda and Rhoda Bongshe Laban and Cyrille Mbanwi Mbu’u and MacDonald Bin Eric and Palmer Masumbe Netongo and Tatiana Tchakote Wami and Wilfried Olivier Ngandjeu Tchamdjeu and Marie Claire Vernyuy Fonyuy and Wilfred Fon Mbacham},
  title = {The ACE 2 G8790A and IL-22 Gene Polymorphisms and their Association with Susceptibility to COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon},
  journal = {Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {29-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bmb.20230802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20230802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bmb.20230802.12},
  abstract = {Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped positive-stranded RNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm, and uses envelope spike projections as a key to enter to human cells with the receptor. Host susceptibility upon exposure to the virus might be as a result of genetic polymorphisms observed on genes that encode for molecules in the immune system such as ACE 2, as well as IL-22 which influences the immune response. This study was aimed at investigating the association between the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of ACE2 G8970A and IL-22 (rs1179521) with COVID-19 susceptibility in Yaounde, Cameroon. A case-control study was performed on 331 conveniently collected blood samples, spotted on Whartman N° 3-filter paper from which DNA was extracted by the chelex-100 DNA extraction method. Genotyping of the ACE2 G8970A and IL-22 SNPs were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The Chi-square test (X2) was used to establish associations. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. The most predominant genotype for ACE2 G8790A, was the homozygous wild type GG genotype (75.23%, 249/331) with no homozygous mutant (AA genotype) observed amongst the study participants, whereas for IL-22 rs1179251, it was the heterozygous GC (47.43%, 157/331). The mutant C allele for IL-22 rs1179251 was most predominant (58%). In the same manner, the wild type G allele for ACE 2 was predominant (88%). No statistical significance was found in the gene and genotype frequencies of ACE2 G8790A and IL-22 rs1179251 between the COVID-19 infected group and healthy controls. The GG genotype for the IL-22 rs1179251 was a protective factor against the presentation of clinical features of COVID-19 (OR=0.430; P=0.003) whereas, the C allele was a risk factor (OR=2.324; P=0.003). In conclusion, no association was found between the SNPs of ACE2 G8790A and IL-22 rs1179251, and COVID-19, but an association was found between the SNP of IL-22 rs1179251 and COVID-19 clinical features. The combined SNPs of ACE2 G86790A and IL-22 rs1179251, showed statistical significance between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups when the wildtype allele (G) for ACE2 G8790A and the mutant allele (C) for IL-22 rs1179251 were combined amongst study participants, with participants possessing the resultant genotype (GC), 2 times likely to present clinical features of COVID-19 (GC; OR=2.324, P=0.003).},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The ACE 2 G8790A and IL-22 Gene Polymorphisms and their Association with Susceptibility to COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon
AU  - Calvino Fomboh Tah
AU  - Akindeh Mbuh Nji
AU  - Jean Paul Kengne Chedjou
AU  - Lesley Ngum Ngum
AU  - Carine Nguefeu Nkenfou Tchinda
AU  - Rhoda Bongshe Laban
AU  - Cyrille Mbanwi Mbu’u
AU  - MacDonald Bin Eric
AU  - Palmer Masumbe Netongo
AU  - Tatiana Tchakote Wami
AU  - Wilfried Olivier Ngandjeu Tchamdjeu
AU  - Marie Claire Vernyuy Fonyuy
AU  - Wilfred Fon Mbacham
Y1  - 2023/09/08
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20230802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.bmb.20230802.12
T2  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
JF  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
JO  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
SP  - 29
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5048
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20230802.12
AB  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped positive-stranded RNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm, and uses envelope spike projections as a key to enter to human cells with the receptor. Host susceptibility upon exposure to the virus might be as a result of genetic polymorphisms observed on genes that encode for molecules in the immune system such as ACE 2, as well as IL-22 which influences the immune response. This study was aimed at investigating the association between the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of ACE2 G8970A and IL-22 (rs1179521) with COVID-19 susceptibility in Yaounde, Cameroon. A case-control study was performed on 331 conveniently collected blood samples, spotted on Whartman N° 3-filter paper from which DNA was extracted by the chelex-100 DNA extraction method. Genotyping of the ACE2 G8970A and IL-22 SNPs were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The Chi-square test (X2) was used to establish associations. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. The most predominant genotype for ACE2 G8790A, was the homozygous wild type GG genotype (75.23%, 249/331) with no homozygous mutant (AA genotype) observed amongst the study participants, whereas for IL-22 rs1179251, it was the heterozygous GC (47.43%, 157/331). The mutant C allele for IL-22 rs1179251 was most predominant (58%). In the same manner, the wild type G allele for ACE 2 was predominant (88%). No statistical significance was found in the gene and genotype frequencies of ACE2 G8790A and IL-22 rs1179251 between the COVID-19 infected group and healthy controls. The GG genotype for the IL-22 rs1179251 was a protective factor against the presentation of clinical features of COVID-19 (OR=0.430; P=0.003) whereas, the C allele was a risk factor (OR=2.324; P=0.003). In conclusion, no association was found between the SNPs of ACE2 G8790A and IL-22 rs1179251, and COVID-19, but an association was found between the SNP of IL-22 rs1179251 and COVID-19 clinical features. The combined SNPs of ACE2 G86790A and IL-22 rs1179251, showed statistical significance between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups when the wildtype allele (G) for ACE2 G8790A and the mutant allele (C) for IL-22 rs1179251 were combined amongst study participants, with participants possessing the resultant genotype (GC), 2 times likely to present clinical features of COVID-19 (GC; OR=2.324, P=0.003).
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  - 

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