Aging is a spontaneous and permanent physiological process that leads to declines in tissue and cell functions, along with an increased risk of developing various age-related diseases. The primary driving force associated with aging is the accumulation of damaged genetic material in the cell, such as DNA. DNA damage can be caused by endogenous and exogenous factors, which leads to genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and proteostatic disturb. Another driving force associated with aging is the disruption of cellular metabolism. This disruption is closely linked to alterations in the role of metabolic pathways, including insulin/IGF-1 and mTOR, which regulate crucial cellular processes like cell growth, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The activation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway highly promotes cell growth and proliferation, while also inhibits autophagy and increasing ROS production. This ultimately leads to accelerated aging. Another crucial signaling pathway is the mTOR signaling pathway. It is responsible for detecting nutrient availability and controlling cell growth and metabolism. The dysregulation of mTOR function can lead to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by the aggregation of protein. Activation of transposable elements is the other driving force of aging, caused by changes in DNA methylation and the loss of heterochromatin. As a result, this leads to DNA damage, genomic instability, and inflammation. The aim of this review is to elucidate the consequence of DNA damage and other associated factors drive aging.
| Published in | Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Volume 9, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11 |
| Page(s) | 63-76 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Aging, Genome Instability, Molecular Damage, Transposon Element
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APA Style
Yeshanew, T. M., begashew, B. A., Birhane, N., Getie, B. (2024). DNA Damage, Transposable Element Expression and Their Associated Factors in Aging. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9(3), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11
ACS Style
Yeshanew, T. M.; begashew, B. A.; Birhane, N.; Getie, B. DNA Damage, Transposable Element Expression and Their Associated Factors in Aging. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2024, 9(3), 63-76. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11
AMA Style
Yeshanew TM, begashew BA, Birhane N, Getie B. DNA Damage, Transposable Element Expression and Their Associated Factors in Aging. Biochem Mol Biol. 2024;9(3):63-76. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11,
author = {Temesgen Mitiku Yeshanew and Betelhem Abebe begashew and Nega Birhane and Birhan Getie},
title = {DNA Damage, Transposable Element Expression and Their Associated Factors in Aging
},
journal = {Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},
volume = {9},
number = {3},
pages = {63-76},
doi = {10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bmb.20240904.11},
abstract = {Aging is a spontaneous and permanent physiological process that leads to declines in tissue and cell functions, along with an increased risk of developing various age-related diseases. The primary driving force associated with aging is the accumulation of damaged genetic material in the cell, such as DNA. DNA damage can be caused by endogenous and exogenous factors, which leads to genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and proteostatic disturb. Another driving force associated with aging is the disruption of cellular metabolism. This disruption is closely linked to alterations in the role of metabolic pathways, including insulin/IGF-1 and mTOR, which regulate crucial cellular processes like cell growth, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The activation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway highly promotes cell growth and proliferation, while also inhibits autophagy and increasing ROS production. This ultimately leads to accelerated aging. Another crucial signaling pathway is the mTOR signaling pathway. It is responsible for detecting nutrient availability and controlling cell growth and metabolism. The dysregulation of mTOR function can lead to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by the aggregation of protein. Activation of transposable elements is the other driving force of aging, caused by changes in DNA methylation and the loss of heterochromatin. As a result, this leads to DNA damage, genomic instability, and inflammation. The aim of this review is to elucidate the consequence of DNA damage and other associated factors drive aging.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - DNA Damage, Transposable Element Expression and Their Associated Factors in Aging AU - Temesgen Mitiku Yeshanew AU - Betelhem Abebe begashew AU - Nega Birhane AU - Birhan Getie Y1 - 2024/11/29 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11 DO - 10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11 T2 - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology JF - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology JO - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology SP - 63 EP - 76 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-5048 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20240904.11 AB - Aging is a spontaneous and permanent physiological process that leads to declines in tissue and cell functions, along with an increased risk of developing various age-related diseases. The primary driving force associated with aging is the accumulation of damaged genetic material in the cell, such as DNA. DNA damage can be caused by endogenous and exogenous factors, which leads to genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and proteostatic disturb. Another driving force associated with aging is the disruption of cellular metabolism. This disruption is closely linked to alterations in the role of metabolic pathways, including insulin/IGF-1 and mTOR, which regulate crucial cellular processes like cell growth, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The activation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway highly promotes cell growth and proliferation, while also inhibits autophagy and increasing ROS production. This ultimately leads to accelerated aging. Another crucial signaling pathway is the mTOR signaling pathway. It is responsible for detecting nutrient availability and controlling cell growth and metabolism. The dysregulation of mTOR function can lead to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by the aggregation of protein. Activation of transposable elements is the other driving force of aging, caused by changes in DNA methylation and the loss of heterochromatin. As a result, this leads to DNA damage, genomic instability, and inflammation. The aim of this review is to elucidate the consequence of DNA damage and other associated factors drive aging. VL - 9 IS - 3 ER -
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Oromia Ethiopia;Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Oromia Ethiopia;Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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