Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra; Bhawna Chopra; Rameshwar Dass

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12

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Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra, Bhawna Chopra, Rameshwar Dass

Published in International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 1)

Received: 8 February 2019 Accepted: 11 March 2019 Published: 28 March 2019

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Abstract

Prodrugs are the masked forms of active drugs that are designed to be activated once they have been administered into the body by an enzymatic or chemical means. It is a well known molecular modification strategy that aims to optimize the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of drugs to improve their undesirable pharmacokinetic properties and decrease their toxicity. In most of the cases, prodrugs design involves the introduction of carrier/promoiety by a metabolic liable linkage so that after biotransformation by one or two chemical or enzymatic steps it will lead to the active parent drug. However, some prodrugs lack an obvious promoiety but instead result from a molecular modification of the prodrug itself, which generates a new active compound. This review introduces in depth the rationale behind the use of the promoiety, and also considers the possible problems that can arise from inadequate activation of prodrugs.

Published in	International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12
Page(s)	7-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Prodrug, Molecular Modification, Promoiety, Carrier-Linked

References

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Ashwani Kumar Dhingra, Bhawna Chopra, Rameshwar Dass. (2019). Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties. International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 4(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12

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ACS Style

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra; Bhawna Chopra; Rameshwar Dass. Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties. Int. J. Bioorg. Chem. 2019, 4(1), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12

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AMA Style

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra, Bhawna Chopra, Rameshwar Dass. Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties. Int J Bioorg Chem. 2019;4(1):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12,
  author = {Ashwani Kumar Dhingra and Bhawna Chopra and Rameshwar Dass},
  title = {Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties},
  journal = {International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbc.20190401.12},
  abstract = {Prodrugs are the masked forms of active drugs that are designed to be activated once they have been administered into the body by an enzymatic or chemical means. It is a well known molecular modification strategy that aims to optimize the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of drugs to improve their undesirable pharmacokinetic properties and decrease their toxicity. In most of the cases, prodrugs design involves the introduction of carrier/promoiety by a metabolic liable linkage so that after biotransformation by one or two chemical or enzymatic steps it will lead to the active parent drug. However, some prodrugs lack an obvious promoiety but instead result from a molecular modification of the prodrug itself, which generates a new active compound. This review introduces in depth the rationale behind the use of the promoiety, and also considers the possible problems that can arise from inadequate activation of prodrugs.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties
AU  - Ashwani Kumar Dhingra
AU  - Bhawna Chopra
AU  - Rameshwar Dass
Y1  - 2019/03/28
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12
T2  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9392
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12
AB  - Prodrugs are the masked forms of active drugs that are designed to be activated once they have been administered into the body by an enzymatic or chemical means. It is a well known molecular modification strategy that aims to optimize the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of drugs to improve their undesirable pharmacokinetic properties and decrease their toxicity. In most of the cases, prodrugs design involves the introduction of carrier/promoiety by a metabolic liable linkage so that after biotransformation by one or two chemical or enzymatic steps it will lead to the active parent drug. However, some prodrugs lack an obvious promoiety but instead result from a molecular modification of the prodrug itself, which generates a new active compound. This review introduces in depth the rationale behind the use of the promoiety, and also considers the possible problems that can arise from inadequate activation of prodrugs.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
Bhawna Chopra

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
Rameshwar Dass

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra, Bhawna Chopra, Rameshwar Dass. (2019). Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties. International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 4(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12

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ACS Style

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra; Bhawna Chopra; Rameshwar Dass. Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties. Int. J. Bioorg. Chem. 2019, 4(1), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Ashwani Kumar Dhingra, Bhawna Chopra, Rameshwar Dass. Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties. Int J Bioorg Chem. 2019;4(1):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12,
  author = {Ashwani Kumar Dhingra and Bhawna Chopra and Rameshwar Dass},
  title = {Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties},
  journal = {International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbc.20190401.12},
  abstract = {Prodrugs are the masked forms of active drugs that are designed to be activated once they have been administered into the body by an enzymatic or chemical means. It is a well known molecular modification strategy that aims to optimize the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of drugs to improve their undesirable pharmacokinetic properties and decrease their toxicity. In most of the cases, prodrugs design involves the introduction of carrier/promoiety by a metabolic liable linkage so that after biotransformation by one or two chemical or enzymatic steps it will lead to the active parent drug. However, some prodrugs lack an obvious promoiety but instead result from a molecular modification of the prodrug itself, which generates a new active compound. This review introduces in depth the rationale behind the use of the promoiety, and also considers the possible problems that can arise from inadequate activation of prodrugs.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prodrug Approach: An Alternative to Improve Pharmacokinetic Properties
AU  - Ashwani Kumar Dhingra
AU  - Bhawna Chopra
AU  - Rameshwar Dass
Y1  - 2019/03/28
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12
T2  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9392
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20190401.12
AB  - Prodrugs are the masked forms of active drugs that are designed to be activated once they have been administered into the body by an enzymatic or chemical means. It is a well known molecular modification strategy that aims to optimize the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of drugs to improve their undesirable pharmacokinetic properties and decrease their toxicity. In most of the cases, prodrugs design involves the introduction of carrier/promoiety by a metabolic liable linkage so that after biotransformation by one or two chemical or enzymatic steps it will lead to the active parent drug. However, some prodrugs lack an obvious promoiety but instead result from a molecular modification of the prodrug itself, which generates a new active compound. This review introduces in depth the rationale behind the use of the promoiety, and also considers the possible problems that can arise from inadequate activation of prodrugs.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download