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Review on Laboratory Mineral Soil Analysis and Soil Mineral Management in Organic Farming

Received: 7 February 2021     Accepted: 17 March 2021     Published: 30 March 2021
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Abstract

This review discusses about laboratory soil analysis and soil mineral management in different Organic farming. The objective of this review were laboratory mineral soil analysis and soil mineral management in organic farming was to draw together all the available relevant research findings in order to develop the knowledge and expertise of organic advisers and thereby to improve soil management practice on organic farms. There are several methods available for measuring total N in soils, mineral N in soils and mineralization potential. Chemical extractions which aim to establish the pool of nitrogen to plants include the use of potassium salts, K2SO4 to extract inorganic and labile organic N pools. Soil P tests are commonly used to assess soil nutrient availability and to assist in fertilizer recommendations. Available K measured by ammonium nitrate gave a good indication of the plant available K in soil; crops showed a response to increasing available K and continued cropping caused a decline in the pool of available K in soil. Soil analysis based on chemical analysis is a snapshot of nutrient pools. It is normally reported in mg/l of soil. Soils are sampled and analysed and digital maps provided to the farmer. This then allows targeted use of inputs to correct nutrient deficiencies or acidity. While this is primarily used in conventional farming for fertiliser application it is now also being used increasingly in organic farming.

Published in International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11
Page(s) 1-6
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Conventional, Extraction, K Pool, N Pool, Organic, P Pool

References
[1] Oborn I., Edwards A. C., Witter E., Oenema O., Ivarsson K., Withers PJA., et al. 2003. Element balances as a tool for sustainable nutrient management: a critical appraisal of their merits and limitations within an agronomic and environmental context. European Journal of Agronomy 20: 211-225.
[2] Stockdale EA, Shepherd MA, Fortune S and Cuttle SP. 2002. Soil fertility in organic farming systems - fundamentally different? Soil Use and Management 18: 301-308.
[3] Edwards A. C., Withers P. J. A., Sims T. J. 1997. Are current fertiliser recommendation systems for phosphorus adequate? Proceedings of the International Fertiliser Society 404: 1-23.
[4] Tunney H, Csathó P and Ehlert P. 2003. Approaches to calculating P balance at the field-scale in Europe. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 166: 1-9.
[5] Brady N. C. 1990. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 10th Edition. Macmillan Publishing, New York.
[6] Brady N. C. and Weil R. R. 1999. The Nature and Properties of Soils, 12th Edition. Prentice-Hall Inc. New Jersey. pp. 540-584.
[7] White R. E. 1995. Introduction to the Principles and Practice of Soil Science. 2nd Edition. Blackwell Science, UK.
[8] Brookes P. C., Powlson D. S. and Jenkinson D. S. 1984. Phosphorus in the soil microbial biomass. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 16: 169-175.
[9] Sharpley A. 2000. Phosphorus Availability. In: Handbook of Soil Science. Sumner M. E. (ed), CRC Press. Boca Raton Florida. pp. D18-D37.
[10] Chater M. and Mattingly G. E. G. 1980. Changes in organic phosphorus contents of soils from long continued experiments at Rothamsted and Saxmundham. Rothamsted Experimental Station Report. 1979, Part 2: 41-61.
[11] Oberson A., Besson J. M., Maire N. and Sticher H. 1996. Microbiological transformations in soil organic phosphorus transformations in conventional and biological cropping systems. Biology and Fertility of Soils 21: 138-148.
[12] Smeck N. E. 1985. Phosphorus dynamics in soils and landscapes. Geoderma 36: 185-199.
[13] Cresser M., Killham K. and Edwards T. 1993. Soil chemistry and its applications. Cambridge Environmental Chemistry Series 5. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
[14] McLean E. O. and Watson M. E. 1985. Soil Measurements of Plant-Available Potassium. In: Potassium in Agriculture. Munson R. D. (ed). ASA, CSSA, SSSA. Madison, Wisconsin. p. 277-308.
[15] Mengel K. 1985. Dynamics and availability of major nutrients in soils. Advances in Soil Science 2: 65-131.
[16] Goulding K. W. T. 1987. Potassium fixation and release. In: Methodology in soil-K research. Proceedings of the 20th Colloquium of the International Potash Institute. Baden bei Wien, Austria.
[17] Nelson W. L., Mehlich A. and Winters E. 1953. The development, evaluation and use of soil tests for phosphorus availability. In: Soil and Fertilizer Phosphorus. Pierre W. H. and Norman A. G. (eds). Agronomy No. 4. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 153-188.
[18] Mehlich A. 1984. Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: a modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analyses 15, 1409-1416.
[19] Bray R. H. and Kurtz L. T. 1945. Determination of total, organic and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science 59: 39-45.
[20] Sibbesen E. 1983. Phosphate soil tests and their suitability to assess the phosphate status of soil. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture 34: 1368-1374.
[21] Stevenson F. J. 1986. The Phosphorus Cycle. In: Cycles of Soil, Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Micronutrients, John Wiley and Sons Inc, New York, pp. 231-284.
[22] Olsen S. R., Cole C. V., Watanabe F. S. and Dean L. A. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. Circular No. 939. US Dept. of Agriculture.
[23] Schoenau J. J. and Karamanos R. E. 1993. Sodium bicarbonate-Extractable P, K, N. In: Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis Carter M. R. (ed). Canadian Society of Soil Science. Boca Raton, Fla., Lewis. Canada. pp. 51-58.
[24] Benbi D. K., Gilkes R. J. and Bolland M. D. A. 1988. An assessment of soil tests for phosphate for the prediction of cereal yields on a sandy soil in Western Australia. Fertiliser Research 16: 137-155.
[25] Collins C. and Budden A. L. 1998. Soil analysis techniques – The need to combine precision with accuracy. Proceedings of the International Fertiliser Society. 418.
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    Dugasa Gerenfes. (2021). Review on Laboratory Mineral Soil Analysis and Soil Mineral Management in Organic Farming. International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 6(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11

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    ACS Style

    Dugasa Gerenfes. Review on Laboratory Mineral Soil Analysis and Soil Mineral Management in Organic Farming. Int. J. Bioorg. Chem. 2021, 6(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11

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    AMA Style

    Dugasa Gerenfes. Review on Laboratory Mineral Soil Analysis and Soil Mineral Management in Organic Farming. Int J Bioorg Chem. 2021;6(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11,
      author = {Dugasa Gerenfes},
      title = {Review on Laboratory Mineral Soil Analysis and Soil Mineral Management in Organic Farming},
      journal = {International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry},
      volume = {6},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-6},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbc.20210601.11},
      abstract = {This review discusses about laboratory soil analysis and soil mineral management in different Organic farming. The objective of this review were laboratory mineral soil analysis and soil mineral management in organic farming was to draw together all the available relevant research findings in order to develop the knowledge and expertise of organic advisers and thereby to improve soil management practice on organic farms. There are several methods available for measuring total N in soils, mineral N in soils and mineralization potential. Chemical extractions which aim to establish the pool of nitrogen to plants include the use of potassium salts, K2SO4 to extract inorganic and labile organic N pools. Soil P tests are commonly used to assess soil nutrient availability and to assist in fertilizer recommendations. Available K measured by ammonium nitrate gave a good indication of the plant available K in soil; crops showed a response to increasing available K and continued cropping caused a decline in the pool of available K in soil. Soil analysis based on chemical analysis is a snapshot of nutrient pools. It is normally reported in mg/l of soil. Soils are sampled and analysed and digital maps provided to the farmer. This then allows targeted use of inputs to correct nutrient deficiencies or acidity. While this is primarily used in conventional farming for fertiliser application it is now also being used increasingly in organic farming.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Review on Laboratory Mineral Soil Analysis and Soil Mineral Management in Organic Farming
    AU  - Dugasa Gerenfes
    Y1  - 2021/03/30
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11
    T2  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
    JF  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
    JO  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 6
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-9392
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20210601.11
    AB  - This review discusses about laboratory soil analysis and soil mineral management in different Organic farming. The objective of this review were laboratory mineral soil analysis and soil mineral management in organic farming was to draw together all the available relevant research findings in order to develop the knowledge and expertise of organic advisers and thereby to improve soil management practice on organic farms. There are several methods available for measuring total N in soils, mineral N in soils and mineralization potential. Chemical extractions which aim to establish the pool of nitrogen to plants include the use of potassium salts, K2SO4 to extract inorganic and labile organic N pools. Soil P tests are commonly used to assess soil nutrient availability and to assist in fertilizer recommendations. Available K measured by ammonium nitrate gave a good indication of the plant available K in soil; crops showed a response to increasing available K and continued cropping caused a decline in the pool of available K in soil. Soil analysis based on chemical analysis is a snapshot of nutrient pools. It is normally reported in mg/l of soil. Soils are sampled and analysed and digital maps provided to the farmer. This then allows targeted use of inputs to correct nutrient deficiencies or acidity. While this is primarily used in conventional farming for fertiliser application it is now also being used increasingly in organic farming.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory, Assela, Ethiopia

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