Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria

Joseph Iyidobu Amuka; Anthony Ogbonna Agu; Fredrick Onyebuchi Asogwa; Miss Ezinne Neily Odoemelam

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria

Joseph Iyidobu Amuka^*

, Anthony Ogbonna Agu

, Fredrick Onyebuchi Asogwa, Miss Ezinne Neily Odoemelam

Published in International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences (Volume 12, Issue 6)

Received: 11 November 2024 Accepted: 26 November 2024 Published: 23 December 2024

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Abstract

The Fifth Generation (5G) Network was rolled out in Nigeria in September 2022 to improve communication services in the country. More than two years after the rollout, penetration has been low while acceptance is very poor. The authors examined factors that may have affected the acceptability of the network to be able to inform policy. Data were generated through online questions and the distribution of questionnaires. The logit regression method was used for the analysis with the Probit estimation used for a robust check of the logit result. The probit result supports the logit analysis that the acceptability of a 5G network is significantly explained by the purpose of network use, which is in line with the theory of the Technology Acceptance Model, and secondly, by people’s feelings. The findings suggest that the more people have negative feelings (health risks) about 5G, the less the acceptance of the network in Nigeria. Therefore, proper sensitization about the series of network technologies is needed in the country to increase the 5G network acceptance. Nigeria is a high network using country in the world and the results indicate that proper sensitization of the people about the 5G network will increase its use. This can be done through promo by the network operators themselves or by the government through the print and electronic media highlighting the enormous benefits of the 5G network to users.

Published in	International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences (Volume 12, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22
Page(s)	494-500
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Fifth Generation, Network, Rollout, Acceptability, Nigeria

References

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[2]	Oladimeji TT and Folayan GB (2018) ICT and Its Impact on National Development In Nigeria: An Overview. Research & Reviews: Journal of Engineering and Technology; 7(1) p5-10.
[3]	Al-Maroof R. S, Akour I, Aljanada R, Alfaisal A. M, Alfaisal R. M, Aburayya A. and Salloum S. A (2021) Acceptance determinants of 5G services. International Journal of Data and Network Science 5 (2021) 613–628.
[4]	Nairametrics (2024) Nigeria’s 5G subscriptions rise to 1, 24% in March 2024-NCC. https://nairametrics.com/2024/04/25/nigerias-5g-subscriptions-rise-to-1-24-in-march-2024-ncc/
[5]	Venkatesh, V.; Davis, F. D. (2000) A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Manag. Sci. 2000, 46, 186–204.
[6]	Venkatesh, V.; Morris, M. G.; Davis, G. B.; Davis, F. D. (2003) User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Q. 2003, 27, 425–478.
[7]	Venkatesh, V.; Thong, J. Y.; Xu, X. () Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: Extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. MIS Q. 2012, 36, 157–178.
[8]	O’Halloran D. (2020) The Impact of 5G: Creating New Value across Industries and Society World Economic Forum White Paper.
[9]	FU J., C. Liu and Y. Chen (2020) The Contribution and Prospect of 5G Technology to China’s Economic Development Journal of Economic Science Research 03(03) 17-20.
[10]	World Health Organization (2020) Radiation: 5G mobile networks and health. https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-5g-mobile-networks-and-health
[11]	Hassan J. H, A. J. Yosef and H. A. Hachem (2021) 5G Radiation and Potential Risks to the Environment and Human Health Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education 12(6) 1689-1693.
[12]	Hardell L. and M. Carberg (2020) Health risks from radiofrequency radiation, including 5G, should be assessed by experts with no conflicts of interest Oncology Letters 20(15) https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11876
[13]	Aru O. E., K. C Adimora and E. J. Nwankwo (2021) Investigating the Impact Of 5G Radiation on Human Health Using Machine Learning Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH) 40(4) 694-702.
[14]	Sani H. and Baba M. D. (2024) 5G Networks and their Impact on the Telecommunications Industry in Nigeria Paper Presented at 5. International Mediterranean Congress Conference January 13-14, 2024 Mersin –Türkiye.
[15]	Ukabuiro I. k. (2021) Examining the prospects of 5G Network policy and its Economic Impact in Nigeria. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM) 3(9) pp: 1367-1371 www.ijaem.net
[16]	Gujarati (2004) Basic Econometrics The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004.
[17]	Jun J. 2019. Mobile carriers grapple with ‘NIMBY’ syndrome. The Korea Times, in Koh et al (2020) Koh, T. H, Choi, J. W, Seo, M, Choi, H and Kim K. H (2020). Factors Affecting Risk Perception of Electromagnetic Waves From 5G Network Base Stations. Bioelectromagnetic published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Bioelectromagnetic Society.
[18]	Nicolas Martin, Martin Ragot, Vincent Savaux. Acceptability and 5G in the Medical Field: The Impact of the Level of Information. 2021. ffhal-03129292.

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APA Style

Amuka, J. I., Agu, A. O., Asogwa, F. O., Odoemelam, M. E. N. (2024). Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 12(6), 494-500. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22

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ACS Style

Amuka, J. I.; Agu, A. O.; Asogwa, F. O.; Odoemelam, M. E. N. Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria. Int. J. Econ. Finance Manag. Sci. 2024, 12(6), 494-500. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22

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AMA Style

Amuka JI, Agu AO, Asogwa FO, Odoemelam MEN. Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria. Int J Econ Finance Manag Sci. 2024;12(6):494-500. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22

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@article{10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22,
  author = {Joseph Iyidobu Amuka and Anthony Ogbonna Agu and Fredrick Onyebuchi Asogwa and Miss Ezinne Neily Odoemelam},
  title = {Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria
},
  journal = {International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences},
  volume = {12},
  number = {6},
  pages = {494-500},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijefm.20241206.22},
  abstract = {The Fifth Generation (5G) Network was rolled out in Nigeria in September 2022 to improve communication services in the country. More than two years after the rollout, penetration has been low while acceptance is very poor. The authors examined factors that may have affected the acceptability of the network to be able to inform policy. Data were generated through online questions and the distribution of questionnaires. The logit regression method was used for the analysis with the Probit estimation used for a robust check of the logit result. The probit result supports the logit analysis that the acceptability of a 5G network is significantly explained by the purpose of network use, which is in line with the theory of the Technology Acceptance Model, and secondly, by people’s feelings. The findings suggest that the more people have negative feelings (health risks) about 5G, the less the acceptance of the network in Nigeria. Therefore, proper sensitization about the series of network technologies is needed in the country to increase the 5G network acceptance. Nigeria is a high network using country in the world and the results indicate that proper sensitization of the people about the 5G network will increase its use. This can be done through promo by the network operators themselves or by the government through the print and electronic media highlighting the enormous benefits of the 5G network to users.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria

AU  - Joseph Iyidobu Amuka
AU  - Anthony Ogbonna Agu
AU  - Fredrick Onyebuchi Asogwa
AU  - Miss Ezinne Neily Odoemelam
Y1  - 2024/12/23
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22
T2  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
SP  - 494
EP  - 500
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9561
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22
AB  - The Fifth Generation (5G) Network was rolled out in Nigeria in September 2022 to improve communication services in the country. More than two years after the rollout, penetration has been low while acceptance is very poor. The authors examined factors that may have affected the acceptability of the network to be able to inform policy. Data were generated through online questions and the distribution of questionnaires. The logit regression method was used for the analysis with the Probit estimation used for a robust check of the logit result. The probit result supports the logit analysis that the acceptability of a 5G network is significantly explained by the purpose of network use, which is in line with the theory of the Technology Acceptance Model, and secondly, by people’s feelings. The findings suggest that the more people have negative feelings (health risks) about 5G, the less the acceptance of the network in Nigeria. Therefore, proper sensitization about the series of network technologies is needed in the country to increase the 5G network acceptance. Nigeria is a high network using country in the world and the results indicate that proper sensitization of the people about the 5G network will increase its use. This can be done through promo by the network operators themselves or by the government through the print and electronic media highlighting the enormous benefits of the 5G network to users.

VL  - 12
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Joseph Iyidobu Amuka

Department of Economics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6658-186X
Anthony Ogbonna Agu

Department of Economics, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, Nigeria

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-5925-2658
Fredrick Onyebuchi Asogwa

Department of Economics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
Miss Ezinne Neily Odoemelam

Department of Economics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria

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APA Style

Amuka, J. I., Agu, A. O., Asogwa, F. O., Odoemelam, M. E. N. (2024). Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 12(6), 494-500. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22

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ACS Style

Amuka, J. I.; Agu, A. O.; Asogwa, F. O.; Odoemelam, M. E. N. Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria. Int. J. Econ. Finance Manag. Sci. 2024, 12(6), 494-500. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22

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AMA Style

Amuka JI, Agu AO, Asogwa FO, Odoemelam MEN. Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria. Int J Econ Finance Manag Sci. 2024;12(6):494-500. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22,
  author = {Joseph Iyidobu Amuka and Anthony Ogbonna Agu and Fredrick Onyebuchi Asogwa and Miss Ezinne Neily Odoemelam},
  title = {Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria
},
  journal = {International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences},
  volume = {12},
  number = {6},
  pages = {494-500},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijefm.20241206.22},
  abstract = {The Fifth Generation (5G) Network was rolled out in Nigeria in September 2022 to improve communication services in the country. More than two years after the rollout, penetration has been low while acceptance is very poor. The authors examined factors that may have affected the acceptability of the network to be able to inform policy. Data were generated through online questions and the distribution of questionnaires. The logit regression method was used for the analysis with the Probit estimation used for a robust check of the logit result. The probit result supports the logit analysis that the acceptability of a 5G network is significantly explained by the purpose of network use, which is in line with the theory of the Technology Acceptance Model, and secondly, by people’s feelings. The findings suggest that the more people have negative feelings (health risks) about 5G, the less the acceptance of the network in Nigeria. Therefore, proper sensitization about the series of network technologies is needed in the country to increase the 5G network acceptance. Nigeria is a high network using country in the world and the results indicate that proper sensitization of the people about the 5G network will increase its use. This can be done through promo by the network operators themselves or by the government through the print and electronic media highlighting the enormous benefits of the 5G network to users.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fifth Generation (5G) Network Rollout and Acceptability: Evidence from Nigeria

AU  - Joseph Iyidobu Amuka
AU  - Anthony Ogbonna Agu
AU  - Fredrick Onyebuchi Asogwa
AU  - Miss Ezinne Neily Odoemelam
Y1  - 2024/12/23
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22
T2  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
SP  - 494
EP  - 500
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9561
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20241206.22
AB  - The Fifth Generation (5G) Network was rolled out in Nigeria in September 2022 to improve communication services in the country. More than two years after the rollout, penetration has been low while acceptance is very poor. The authors examined factors that may have affected the acceptability of the network to be able to inform policy. Data were generated through online questions and the distribution of questionnaires. The logit regression method was used for the analysis with the Probit estimation used for a robust check of the logit result. The probit result supports the logit analysis that the acceptability of a 5G network is significantly explained by the purpose of network use, which is in line with the theory of the Technology Acceptance Model, and secondly, by people’s feelings. The findings suggest that the more people have negative feelings (health risks) about 5G, the less the acceptance of the network in Nigeria. Therefore, proper sensitization about the series of network technologies is needed in the country to increase the 5G network acceptance. Nigeria is a high network using country in the world and the results indicate that proper sensitization of the people about the 5G network will increase its use. This can be done through promo by the network operators themselves or by the government through the print and electronic media highlighting the enormous benefits of the 5G network to users.

VL  - 12
IS  - 6
ER  -

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