Metal-based complexes have attracted considerable attention due to their diverse biological activities and potential applications as antimicrobial agents. In this study, a series of previously synthesized metal complexes of Molybdenum(VI), Uranium(VI), Zirconium(IV), and Thorium(IV) were systematically evaluated to investigate their antifungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties. The primary objective of this work was to assess the bioactive potential of these complexes and to identify promising candidates for antimicrobial applications. The antifungal activity of the complexes was examined against Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, and A. flavus using the agar diffusion method. Antibacterial efficacy was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Streptococcus β-haemolyticus and Bacillus subtilis) bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the brine shrimp lethality assay as a preliminary indicator of biological safety. The results demonstrated that all tested complexes exhibited varying degrees of antifungal and antibacterial activity. Notably, the Mo(VI) complex 2 showed the highest antifungal activity against A. flavus, producing a zone of inhibition of 14 mm. In antibacterial studies, Mo(VI) complex 4 displayed the lowest MIC values, indicating superior antibacterial potency, followed by the U(VI) complex 8, while Th(IV) complexes showed comparatively weaker activity. Cytotoxicity assessment revealed that Mo(VI) complex 5 exhibited the highest toxicity, whereas complexes 1 and 2 were comparatively less toxic. Overall, the findings suggest that Mo(VI) complexes possess significant antimicrobial potential and represent promising candidates for further development as bioactive agents.
| Published in | International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 14, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14 |
| Page(s) | 279-288 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Metal–peroxo Complexes, Organic Ligands, Molybdenum (VI), Uranium (VI), Zirconium (IV), Thorium (IV), Antimicrobial Activity
| [1] | Agh-Atabay, N. M., Salavati-Niasari, M., & Firoozabadi, T. (2007). Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of novel metal complexes of Schiff bases derived from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 42(5), 607–613. |
| [2] | Ahanotu C. C., Madu K. C., Chikwe I. S., Chikwe O. B. (2022). The inhibition behaviour of extracts from Plumeria rubra on the corrosion of low carbon steel in sulphuric acid solution, J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 13(9), 1025-1036. |
| [3] | Ali, M. A., Mirza, A. H., Butcher, R. J., Tarafder, M. T. H., Keat, T. B., & Ali, A. M. (2012). Mixed-ligand nickel(II), copper(II), and zinc(II) complexes of S-methyldithiocarbazate Schiff bases: Structural, electrochemical, and biological studies. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 115, 40–50. |
| [4] | Ali, M. M., Bitu, N. A.; Hossain, M. S., Hossen, M. F., Asraf, M. A., Haque, M. M., Farooque, M. A., Zahan, K. E. (2020). Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Biological properties of Cd(II) and Zr(IV) peroxo complexes containing schiff base derived from cinnamaldehyde and o-aminobenzoic acid. New Materials, Compounds and Applications, 4(3), 173-181. |
| [5] | Beraldo, H., & Gambino, D. (2004). Metalloporphyrins: Useful catalysts for selective oxidations in organic synthesis. Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 4(1), 31–39. |
| [6] | Bitu, N. A., Hossain, S., Islamc, N.,; Kadera, A., Islama, M. S., Haquea, M. M., Hossena, F., Asrafa, A., Mohapatrad, R. K. & Zahan, K. E. (2020). Peroxo Complexes of Th(IV) and Zr(IV), Ions Containing Aspartic Acid and Amine Bases as Potential Biological Agents. Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 90(8), 1553–1557. |
| [7] | Hearn, M. T. W. (2001). Protein chromatography: An overview. Journal of Chromatography A, 928(1), 1–34. |
| [8] | Huyett, J. E., Doan, P. E., Gurbiel, R. J., Houseman, A. L. P., Sivaraja, M., Goodin, D. B., Hoffman, B. M., & Gray, H. B. (1995). Observation of Compound ES of Cytochrome c Peroxidase by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117(37), 10174-10185. |
| [9] | Kaim, W., & Schwederski, B. (2010). Bioinorganic Chemistry: Inorganic Elements in the Chemistry of Life (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. |
| [10] | Katarzyna Turecka, Agnieszka Chylewska, Anna Kawiak, Krzysztof F Waleron (2018). Antifungal Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Co(III) Coordination Complexes With Diamine Chelate Ligands Against Reference and Clinical Strains of Candida spp. Front Microbiol. 9:1594. |
| [11] | Kovacs, J. A. (2004). Synthetic analogues of cysteine dioxygenase and other thiol dioxygenase active sites: Opportunities and challenges. Chemical Reviews, 104(2), 825–848. |
| [12] | Lippard, S. J., & Berg, J. M. (1994). Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry. University Science Books. |
| [13] | Maiti, D., Lee, D.-H., Gaoutchenova, K., Würtele, C., Holthausen, M. C., Narducci Sarjeant, A. A., Sundermeyer, J., Schindler, S., & Karlin, K. D. (2007). Reversible formation of a peroxo dicopper(II) complex of a bis(μ-oxo) dicopper(III) species by O2 oxidation of a Cu(I) complex possessing a flexible N4 ligand. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 46(28), 5094–5098. |
| [14] | Meunier, B. (2008). Metalloporphyrins as versatile catalysts for oxidation reactions and drug metabolism. Chemical Reviews, 108(7), 2348–2384. |
| [15] | Mishra A., Kaushik N. K., Verma A. K., Gupta R. (2008). Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of Co (III) complexes with pyridine-amide ligands. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 43, 2189–2196. |
| [16] | Nasrin J. (2007). Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Biological Activity of Peroxo Complexes of Zirconium (IV) Containing Organic Acid and Amine Bases. Journal of Applied Sciences. 7(3): 434-441. |
| [17] | Nasrin, J. (2020a). Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Metal based Proxo Complexes of Uranium (VI) Synthesizing with Organic Acids and Amine Bases. Mater. Environ. Sci., 11(11), 1928-1939. |
| [18] | Nasrin, J. (2020b). Bactericidal and Toxicidal Activity of Metal Peroxo Complexes of Thorium (IV) Synthesizing with Organic Acids and Amine Bases. International Journal of Materials Chemistry and Physics, 6(3), 43-48. |
| [19] | Penumaka N., Satyanarayana S. (2007). DNA binding and photocleavage studies of cobalt(III) polypyridine complexes: [Co(en)2PIP]3+, [Co(en)2IP]3+, and [Co(en)2phen-dione]3+. Bioinorg. Chem. Appl. 8, 1–8. |
| [20] | Pierce C. G., Srinivasan A., Uppuluri P., Ramasubramanian A. K., Lopez-Ribot J. L. (2013). Antifungal therapy with an emphasis on biofilms. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 13, 726–730. |
| [21] | Prakash, D., Nawani, N., Prakash, M., Bodas, M., Mandal, A., & Khetmalas, M. (2020). Bioinorganic Chemistry of Some Important Metal Complexes and Their Role in Biological Systems. Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications, Article ID 3257481. |
| [22] | Prasad, K. S., & Selvaraj, K. (2011). Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of new Schiff base transition metal complexes. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 82(1), 330–336. |
| [23] | Punniyamurthy, T., & Rout, L. (2008). Recent advances in copper-catalyzed oxidation of organic compounds. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 252(3–4), 134–154. |
| [24] | Que, L. Jr., & Tolman, W. B. (2008). Biologically inspired oxidation catalysis. Nature, 455(7211), 333–340. |
| [25] | Sigel, A., Sigel, H., & Sigel, R. K. O. (2012). The Alkali Metal Ions in Life Sciences. In Metal Ions in Life Sciences (Vol. 10). Springer. |
| [26] | Singh, B., Mahajan, S., Sheikh, H. N., Kalsotra B. L. (2014). Synthesis and characterization of peroxo complexes of uranium(VI) with aroylhydrazone ligands. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 18, 494-501. |
| [27] | Walker G. W., Gene R. J., Sargeson A. M., Behm C. A. (2003). Surface-active cobalt cage complexes: synthesis, surface chemistry, biological activity, and redox properties. Dalton Trans. 15, 2992–3001. |
| [28] | Sherif M. Abd El-Hamid, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Soha F. Mohammed, Fatma M. Ahmed, Mohammed S. El-Gedamy. N2O2-chelate metal complexes with Schiff base ligand: Synthesis, characterisation and contribution as a promising antiviral agent against human cytomegalovirus. Applied Organometallic Chemistry 2022: e6958. |
| [29] | Sherif M. Abd El-Hamid, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Soha F. Mohammed, Fatma M. Ahmed, Mohammed S. El-Gedamy. Newly synthesised Schiff base metal complexes, characterisation, and contribution as enhancers of colon cancer cell apoptosis by overexpression of P53 protein. Applied Organometallic. 2023. |
| [30] | Mohamed S. El-Attar, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Sherif M. Abd El-Hamid and Hazem S. Elshafie. Spectroscopic Analyses and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Ciprofloxacin and 7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, the Plant-Based Natural Benzopyrone Derivative. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(14), 8019; |
| [31] | Sherif M. Abd El-Hamid, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Nadia B. Sadek, Mohamed A. Sabry, Mohammed S. El-Gedamy Novel nano-sized metal complexes based on aceclofenac and glycine ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, molecular docking studies and their enhanced efficacy in ameliorating testicular and spermatological oxidative damages in male rats. Journal of Molecular Liquids 2023. 391: 123274. |
| [32] | Sherif M. Abd El-Hamid, Safa W. Aziz, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Mohamed A. Sabry, Mohammed S. El-Gedamy. Synthesis, spectral analysis, XRD, molecular docking simulation of dithranol and glycine mixed ligand complexes and their potential role in suppressing breast cancer cells via down-regulating the expression of protein metalloproteinase-9. Applied Organometallic Chemistry. 2024. |
| [33] | Sherif M Abd El-Hamid, Safa W Aziz, Amira A Mohamed, Mohammed S El-Gedamy, Ahmed E Salem, Soha F Mohammed, Wael A Zordok, Adriano Sofo, Mohamed A Sabry, Sadeek A Sadeek, Hazem S Elshafie. Structural, Spectroscopic, and Docking Analysis of N, O-Donor Ligand Metal Complex Nanoparticles With Hypolipidemic Effects via Lipoprotein Lipase Activation in High-Fat Diet Mice. Chem Biodivers. 2025; 22(5): e202403003. |
| [34] | Badria M. Alshehri, Mohammed S. El-Gedamy, Safa W. Aziz, Sadeek A. Sadeek, Ahmed E. Salem, Soha F. Mohammed, Dalal Alzahrani, Sherif M. Abd El-Hamid. Molecular structure characterization of some new pregabalin-2,2′-bipyridine mixed ligand metal complexes and possible insights on alleviation its testicular-enhanced apoptosis side effect. Journal of Molecular Structure. 2026. 1349; 143765. |
| [35] | Shahbaz Ahmad, Abid Ullah, Ayesha Samreen, Muhammad Qasim, Kashan Nawaz, Waqas Ahmad, Ali Alnaser, Arunachala M. Kannan, Mehmet Egilmez. Hydrogen production, storage, transportation and utilization for energy sector: A current status review. Journal of Energy Storage. 2024, 101; 113733. |
| [36] | Abid Ullah, Basharat Hussain, Muhammad Waqar, Muhammad Raheel Khan, Javaria Jehanzeb, Kamran Alam, P. Rosaiah, Mohamed Ali, Annu i, Bhargav Akkinepally, Iftikhar Hussain. Synergistic effects of carbon nanotubes on α-MnO2 electrocatalysts for improved oxygen reduction in alkaline fuel cellsDiamond and Related Materials 2024, 149; 111611. |
APA Style
Nasrin, J. (2025). Exploring the Biological Activity of Organically Ligated Metal–Peroxo Complexes. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 14(6), 279-288. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14
ACS Style
Nasrin, J. Exploring the Biological Activity of Organically Ligated Metal–Peroxo Complexes. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2025, 14(6), 279-288. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14,
author = {Jahanara Nasrin},
title = {Exploring the Biological Activity of Organically Ligated Metal–Peroxo Complexes},
journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
volume = {14},
number = {6},
pages = {279-288},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20251406.14},
abstract = {Metal-based complexes have attracted considerable attention due to their diverse biological activities and potential applications as antimicrobial agents. In this study, a series of previously synthesized metal complexes of Molybdenum(VI), Uranium(VI), Zirconium(IV), and Thorium(IV) were systematically evaluated to investigate their antifungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties. The primary objective of this work was to assess the bioactive potential of these complexes and to identify promising candidates for antimicrobial applications. The antifungal activity of the complexes was examined against Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, and A. flavus using the agar diffusion method. Antibacterial efficacy was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Streptococcus β-haemolyticus and Bacillus subtilis) bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the brine shrimp lethality assay as a preliminary indicator of biological safety. The results demonstrated that all tested complexes exhibited varying degrees of antifungal and antibacterial activity. Notably, the Mo(VI) complex 2 showed the highest antifungal activity against A. flavus, producing a zone of inhibition of 14 mm. In antibacterial studies, Mo(VI) complex 4 displayed the lowest MIC values, indicating superior antibacterial potency, followed by the U(VI) complex 8, while Th(IV) complexes showed comparatively weaker activity. Cytotoxicity assessment revealed that Mo(VI) complex 5 exhibited the highest toxicity, whereas complexes 1 and 2 were comparatively less toxic. Overall, the findings suggest that Mo(VI) complexes possess significant antimicrobial potential and represent promising candidates for further development as bioactive agents.},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the Biological Activity of Organically Ligated Metal–Peroxo Complexes AU - Jahanara Nasrin Y1 - 2025/12/29 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14 DO - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14 T2 - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications JF - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications JO - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications SP - 279 EP - 288 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-2643 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20251406.14 AB - Metal-based complexes have attracted considerable attention due to their diverse biological activities and potential applications as antimicrobial agents. In this study, a series of previously synthesized metal complexes of Molybdenum(VI), Uranium(VI), Zirconium(IV), and Thorium(IV) were systematically evaluated to investigate their antifungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties. The primary objective of this work was to assess the bioactive potential of these complexes and to identify promising candidates for antimicrobial applications. The antifungal activity of the complexes was examined against Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, and A. flavus using the agar diffusion method. Antibacterial efficacy was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Streptococcus β-haemolyticus and Bacillus subtilis) bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the brine shrimp lethality assay as a preliminary indicator of biological safety. The results demonstrated that all tested complexes exhibited varying degrees of antifungal and antibacterial activity. Notably, the Mo(VI) complex 2 showed the highest antifungal activity against A. flavus, producing a zone of inhibition of 14 mm. In antibacterial studies, Mo(VI) complex 4 displayed the lowest MIC values, indicating superior antibacterial potency, followed by the U(VI) complex 8, while Th(IV) complexes showed comparatively weaker activity. Cytotoxicity assessment revealed that Mo(VI) complex 5 exhibited the highest toxicity, whereas complexes 1 and 2 were comparatively less toxic. Overall, the findings suggest that Mo(VI) complexes possess significant antimicrobial potential and represent promising candidates for further development as bioactive agents. VL - 14 IS - 6 ER -
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Information