In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of <i>Clerodendrum Myricoides</i> Leaves

Gebremichael Gebretsadik; Yalemtsehay Mekonnen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11

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In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves

Gebremichael Gebretsadik, Yalemtsehay Mekonnen

Published in Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 6)

Received: 2 June 2016 Accepted: 15 July 2016 Published: 3 November 2016

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Abstract

Herbal medicine preparations from medicinal plants to treat malaria are potential source of new anti-malarial drug development. The objective of this study was to evaluate antiplasmodial activity of fractions and sub fractions of the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum myricoides leaves using 4-day suppressive test against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Methanol fraction (MF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EF) obtained from the successive fractionation of ethanol crude extract of C. myricoides showed highest activity with suppression of 77.24% and 65.21% at an oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day respectively. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation (BGF) of ethanol extract provided some fractions which exhibited good antiplasmodial activity. From these, Hexane sub fraction (Hsf) was the most active that induced suppression of parasitaemia by 40.34% and 46.56% at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses respectively. Hsf chromatographic sub fractions also induced suppression of parasitaemia by 45.89 and 50.53% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-5, respectively, and by 38.61 and 44.12% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-14, respectively. Bioactivity guided fractionation resulted in loss of antiplasmodial activity of the fractions and sub fractions and this leads to the conclusion that the activity of the plant leaves was due to synergistic effect of many active compounds

Published in	Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11
Page(s)	60-64
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antiplasmodial Activity, C. Myricoides, Plasmodium Berghei, Medicinal Plants, Traditional Medicine

References

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[3]	S. B. O. Ovenden, M. Cobbe, R. Kissell, G. W. Birrell, M. Chavchich, and M. D. Edstein, “Phenolic glycosides with antimalarial activity from GreWillea “PoorindaQueen”, J Natural Product, vol.74, 74-78, 2011.
[4]	R. Batista, A. D. J. Silva, and A. B. Oliveira, “Plant-derived antimalarial agents: new leads and efficient phytomedicines. Part II. Non-alkaloidal natural products”, Molecules, vol. 14, 3037-3072, 2009.
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[6]	K. Mishra, A. P. Dash, B. K. Swain and N. Dey, “Antimalarial activities of Andrographis paniculata and Hedyotiscorymbosa extracts and their combination with curcumin”, Malaria J, vol.8, 26-37, 2009.
[7]	G. Verma, V. K. Dua, D. D. Agarwal, P. and K. Atul, “Antimalarial activity of Holarrhena antidysenterica and Viola canescens, plants traditionally used against malaria in the Garhwal region of north-west Himalaya” Malar. J., vol.10, 20-25, 2011.
[8]	I. Shittu, A. Emmanuel and J. A. Nok, “Antimalaria effect of the ethanolic stem bark extracts of Ficusplatyphylla”, Journal Parasitology Research, vol. 2011, 1-5, 2011.
[9]	A. Mesfin, M. Giday, A. Animut, and T. Teklehaymanot, “Ethnobotanical study of antimalarial plants in Shinile District, Somali Region, Ethiopia, and in vivo evaluation of selected ones against Plasmodium berghei”, JEthnopharmacol, vol. 139, 221-227, 2012.
[10]	W. Peters, H. Portus, and L. Robinson “The four day suppressive in vivo antimalarial test” Annals of Tropical Medicine”, Parasitology, vol. 69, 155-171, 1975.
[11]	Y. Chen, S. Li, F. Sun, H. Han, X. Zhang, Y. Fan, G. Tai and Y. Zhou, “In vivo antimalarial activities of glycoalkaloids isolated from Solanaceae plants”, Pharm Biol, vol. 48, 1018-1024, 2010.
[12]	A. U. Krettli, J. O. Adebayo and L. G. Krettli, “Testing of natural products and synthetic molecules aiming at new antimalarials”, Curr Drug Targets, vol.10, 261-270, 2009.
[13]	Y. Tadesse, “Bioactivity guided study on the antimalarial activities of Clerodendrum myricoides and Dodonaea angustifolia”, Biology Thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, 2011.
[14]	T. Deressa, Y. Mekonnen and A. Animut, “In vivo antimalarial activities of Clerodendrum myricoides, Dodonaea angustifolia and Aloe debrana against plasmodium berghei”, Ethiopian J Health Development, vol. 24, 25-29, 2010.
[15]	F. W. Muregi, S. C. Chhabra, E. N. Njagi, C. C. Langat-Thoruwa, W. M. Njue, A. S. S. Orago, S. A Omar and I. O. Ndiege “Antiplasmodial activity of some Kenyan medicinal plant extracts singly and in combination with chloroquine”, Phytotherapy Research, vol. 18, 379-384, 2004.

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APA Style

Gebremichael Gebretsadik, Yalemtsehay Mekonnen. (2016). In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves. Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, 2(6), 60-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11

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ACS Style

Gebremichael Gebretsadik; Yalemtsehay Mekonnen. In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves. J. Drug Des. Med. Chem. 2016, 2(6), 60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11

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AMA Style

Gebremichael Gebretsadik, Yalemtsehay Mekonnen. In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves. J Drug Des Med Chem. 2016;2(6):60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11,
  author = {Gebremichael Gebretsadik and Yalemtsehay Mekonnen},
  title = {In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves},
  journal = {Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {60-64},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jddmc.20160206.11},
  abstract = {Herbal medicine preparations from medicinal plants to treat malaria are potential source of new anti-malarial drug development. The objective of this study was to evaluate antiplasmodial activity of fractions and sub fractions of the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum myricoides leaves using 4-day suppressive test against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Methanol fraction (MF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EF) obtained from the successive fractionation of ethanol crude extract of C. myricoides showed highest activity with suppression of 77.24% and 65.21% at an oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day respectively. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation (BGF) of ethanol extract provided some fractions which exhibited good antiplasmodial activity. From these, Hexane sub fraction (Hsf) was the most active that induced suppression of parasitaemia by 40.34% and 46.56% at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses respectively. Hsf chromatographic sub fractions also induced suppression of parasitaemia by 45.89 and 50.53% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-5, respectively, and by 38.61 and 44.12% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-14, respectively. Bioactivity guided fractionation resulted in loss of antiplasmodial activity of the fractions and sub fractions and this leads to the conclusion that the activity of the plant leaves was due to synergistic effect of many active compounds},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves
AU  - Gebremichael Gebretsadik
AU  - Yalemtsehay Mekonnen
Y1  - 2016/11/03
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11
T2  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
JO  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
SP  - 60
EP  - 64
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3576
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11
AB  - Herbal medicine preparations from medicinal plants to treat malaria are potential source of new anti-malarial drug development. The objective of this study was to evaluate antiplasmodial activity of fractions and sub fractions of the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum myricoides leaves using 4-day suppressive test against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Methanol fraction (MF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EF) obtained from the successive fractionation of ethanol crude extract of C. myricoides showed highest activity with suppression of 77.24% and 65.21% at an oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day respectively. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation (BGF) of ethanol extract provided some fractions which exhibited good antiplasmodial activity. From these, Hexane sub fraction (Hsf) was the most active that induced suppression of parasitaemia by 40.34% and 46.56% at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses respectively. Hsf chromatographic sub fractions also induced suppression of parasitaemia by 45.89 and 50.53% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-5, respectively, and by 38.61 and 44.12% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-14, respectively. Bioactivity guided fractionation resulted in loss of antiplasmodial activity of the fractions and sub fractions and this leads to the conclusion that the activity of the plant leaves was due to synergistic effect of many active compounds
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Gebremichael Gebretsadik

Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
Yalemtsehay Mekonnen

Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Gebremichael Gebretsadik, Yalemtsehay Mekonnen. (2016). In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves. Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, 2(6), 60-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11

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ACS Style

Gebremichael Gebretsadik; Yalemtsehay Mekonnen. In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves. J. Drug Des. Med. Chem. 2016, 2(6), 60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11

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AMA Style

Gebremichael Gebretsadik, Yalemtsehay Mekonnen. In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves. J Drug Des Med Chem. 2016;2(6):60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11,
  author = {Gebremichael Gebretsadik and Yalemtsehay Mekonnen},
  title = {In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves},
  journal = {Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {60-64},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jddmc.20160206.11},
  abstract = {Herbal medicine preparations from medicinal plants to treat malaria are potential source of new anti-malarial drug development. The objective of this study was to evaluate antiplasmodial activity of fractions and sub fractions of the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum myricoides leaves using 4-day suppressive test against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Methanol fraction (MF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EF) obtained from the successive fractionation of ethanol crude extract of C. myricoides showed highest activity with suppression of 77.24% and 65.21% at an oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day respectively. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation (BGF) of ethanol extract provided some fractions which exhibited good antiplasmodial activity. From these, Hexane sub fraction (Hsf) was the most active that induced suppression of parasitaemia by 40.34% and 46.56% at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses respectively. Hsf chromatographic sub fractions also induced suppression of parasitaemia by 45.89 and 50.53% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-5, respectively, and by 38.61 and 44.12% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-14, respectively. Bioactivity guided fractionation resulted in loss of antiplasmodial activity of the fractions and sub fractions and this leads to the conclusion that the activity of the plant leaves was due to synergistic effect of many active compounds},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Fractions and Chromatographic Sub Fractionions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves
AU  - Gebremichael Gebretsadik
AU  - Yalemtsehay Mekonnen
Y1  - 2016/11/03
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11
T2  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
JF  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
JO  - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
SP  - 60
EP  - 64
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3576
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20160206.11
AB  - Herbal medicine preparations from medicinal plants to treat malaria are potential source of new anti-malarial drug development. The objective of this study was to evaluate antiplasmodial activity of fractions and sub fractions of the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum myricoides leaves using 4-day suppressive test against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Methanol fraction (MF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EF) obtained from the successive fractionation of ethanol crude extract of C. myricoides showed highest activity with suppression of 77.24% and 65.21% at an oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day respectively. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation (BGF) of ethanol extract provided some fractions which exhibited good antiplasmodial activity. From these, Hexane sub fraction (Hsf) was the most active that induced suppression of parasitaemia by 40.34% and 46.56% at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses respectively. Hsf chromatographic sub fractions also induced suppression of parasitaemia by 45.89 and 50.53% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-5, respectively, and by 38.61 and 44.12% at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of Hsf-14, respectively. Bioactivity guided fractionation resulted in loss of antiplasmodial activity of the fractions and sub fractions and this leads to the conclusion that the activity of the plant leaves was due to synergistic effect of many active compounds
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

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