Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia

Musba Kedir Mohammed; Alemayehu Keba Beyene

doi:doi:10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia

Musba Kedir Mohammed^*, Alemayehu Keba Beyene

Published in Science Development (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 12 December 2023 Accepted: 29 December 2023 Published: 11 January 2024

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Ethiopia's agricultural sector provides 90% of the country's raw materials for manufacturing, 72.7 percent of employment opportunities, and 32.5 percent of the country's gross domestic product. Coffee, oilseeds, pulses, flowers, chat, fruits and vegetables, meat and meat products, and other products are the primary source of export revenue, making up 71.2 percent of the nation's total export value. The wider diffusion of improved technologies has been influenced by a number of factors, including government spending in this sector, particularly on extension services; the road network; lower levels of education in rural areas; and the absence of favorable domestic and foreign pricing incentives. Ethiopia is now creating a framework for investments and policies to match the financial pledges made by the nation's development partners. Analyzing Ethiopia's current state of rural development and agriculture is the goal of this research project. The study was completed in conjunction with a review of the literature. The reviewed material was gathered thematically, condensed, examined, explained, and finally debated. The main factors limiting agricultural productivity and output are limited credit availability, climate change, deforestation and land degradation, lack of integration, lack of irrigation systems, sporadic natural disasters, pests, outdated technology, and limited market support. In this sense, the nation primarily uses the informal seed system, with very little use of improved seeds. Moreover, not every seed that was available was appropriate for the soil and climate types found in rural communities and beyond. However, a small number of households across farms felt that the current cost of fertilizers was high and unaffordable, in part because they had limited financial resources. The risk of low profitability was a concern for those who could afford fertilizers as well, considering the high cost and the unpredictable weather that could result in low yields. The bulk of Ethiopia's farming population consists of impoverished farmers, who generally seem to be shut out of the input supply system, which includes credit and financial services in addition to fertilizers and seeds. Establishing a robust and dynamic results-oriented monitoring and evaluation system is advised in order to eradicate and reduce the issues facing the nation's agricultural sector. Additionally, increased funding is required for agricultural research, the construction of infrastructure (such as roads), and the automation of agricultural practices.

Published in	Science Development (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12
Page(s)	19-30
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Agriculture, Ethiopia, Production System, Improved Technologies

References

[1]	ATA, MoA and EIAR. (2015). Strategy to Improve Ethiopia’s National Agricultural Research System (NARS): Vision, Systemic Bottlenecks, Strategic Interventions and Implementation Framework, Addis Ababa.
[2]	AU. (2006). Status of Food Security and Prospects for Agricultural Development in Africa. African Union (AU), Addis Ababa.
[3]	Bachewe, F. N., Berhane, G., Minten, B. and Taffesse, A. S. (2018). Agricultural Transformation in Africa? Assessing the Evidence in Ethiopia. World Development, 105, 286-298.
[4]	Befikadu, D. (2018). Postharvest Losses in Ethiopia and Opportunities for Reduction: A Review. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research. Vol, 38(1), pp. 249-262.
[5]	Berhane, G., Ragasa, C., Tadesse G. and Woldui, T. (2018). The State of Agricultural Extension Services in Ethiopia and Their Contribution to Agricultural Productivity. ESSP Working Paper-Ethiopia Strategy Support Program, (118).
[6]	Boettiger, S., Denis, N. and Sanghv, S. (2019). Successful Agricultural Transformations: Six Core Elements of Planning and Delivery. McKinsey & Company.
[7]	Chanyalew, D. (2015). Ethiopia’s Indigenous Policy and Growth: in Agriculture, Pastoral and Rural Development in Addis Ababa, 867 pages.
[8]	CSA. (2020). Agricultural Sample Survey 2019/20 Report on Area and Production of Major Crops for Private Peasant Holdings, Meher Season, Volume I. Central Statistical Agency, Addis Ababa.
[9]	CSA. (2021). Agricultural Sample Survey 2019/20 Report on Area and Production of Major Crops for Private Peasant Holdings, Meher Season, Volume III. Central Statistical Agency, Addis Ababa.
[10]	EARCS. (2016). Ethiopian Agricultural Research Council Roadmap. Ethiopian Agricultural Research Council Secretariat (Amharic Version), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[11]	Fiore, M., Chiara, F. and Adamashvili, N., 2019. Food Loss and Waste, a global responsibility? Food Loss and Waste, a global responsibility?!, pp. 825-846.
[12]	Leta, G., Kelboro, G., Stellmacher, T. and Hornidge, A. K. (2017). The Agricultural Extension System in Ethiopia: Operational Setup, Challenges and Opportunities.
[13]	MoANR. (2017). Ethiopia’s Agricultural Extension Strategy: Vision, Systemic Bottleneck and Priority Intervention. Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Addis Ababa.
[14]	NBE. (2021). Annual Report of 2020/21. National Bank of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[15]	NPC. (2016). Growth and Transformation Plan II I (2015/16–2019/20). FDRE National Plan Commission. Volume I: Main Text. Addis Ababa.
[16]	Otchia, C. S. (2014). Agricultural modernization, Structural Change and Pro-Poor Growth: Policy Options for the Democratic Republic of Congo. Journal of Economic Structures, 3(1), 1-43.
[17]	UNEP. (2022). https://www.un.org/africarenewal/news/ethiopiapercentE 2percent80percent99s-forests-undervalued-resource.
[18]	WFP. (2010). Market Analysis Tool-How to Conduct a Food Commodity Value Chain Analysis?

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mohammed, M. K., Beyene, A. K. (2024). Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia. Science Development, 5(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mohammed, M. K.; Beyene, A. K. Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia. Sci. Dev. 2024, 5(1), 19-30. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mohammed MK, Beyene AK. Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia. Sci Dev. 2024;5(1):19-30. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12,
  author = {Musba Kedir Mohammed and Alemayehu Keba Beyene},
  title = {Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Development},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {19-30},
  doi = {10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.scidev.20240501.12},
  abstract = {Ethiopia's agricultural sector provides 90% of the country's raw materials for manufacturing, 72.7 percent of employment opportunities, and 32.5 percent of the country's gross domestic product. Coffee, oilseeds, pulses, flowers, chat, fruits and vegetables, meat and meat products, and other products are the primary source of export revenue, making up 71.2 percent of the nation's total export value. The wider diffusion of improved technologies has been influenced by a number of factors, including government spending in this sector, particularly on extension services; the road network; lower levels of education in rural areas; and the absence of favorable domestic and foreign pricing incentives. Ethiopia is now creating a framework for investments and policies to match the financial pledges made by the nation's development partners. Analyzing Ethiopia's current state of rural development and agriculture is the goal of this research project. The study was completed in conjunction with a review of the literature. The reviewed material was gathered thematically, condensed, examined, explained, and finally debated. The main factors limiting agricultural productivity and output are limited credit availability, climate change, deforestation and land degradation, lack of integration, lack of irrigation systems, sporadic natural disasters, pests, outdated technology, and limited market support. In this sense, the nation primarily uses the informal seed system, with very little use of improved seeds. Moreover, not every seed that was available was appropriate for the soil and climate types found in rural communities and beyond. However, a small number of households across farms felt that the current cost of fertilizers was high and unaffordable, in part because they had limited financial resources. The risk of low profitability was a concern for those who could afford fertilizers as well, considering the high cost and the unpredictable weather that could result in low yields. The bulk of Ethiopia's farming population consists of impoverished farmers, who generally seem to be shut out of the input supply system, which includes credit and financial services in addition to fertilizers and seeds. Establishing a robust and dynamic results-oriented monitoring and evaluation system is advised in order to eradicate and reduce the issues facing the nation's agricultural sector. Additionally, increased funding is required for agricultural research, the construction of infrastructure (such as roads), and the automation of agricultural practices.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia
AU  - Musba Kedir Mohammed
AU  - Alemayehu Keba Beyene
Y1  - 2024/01/11
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12
T2  - Science Development
JF  - Science Development
JO  - Science Development
SP  - 19
EP  - 30
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7154
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12
AB  - Ethiopia's agricultural sector provides 90% of the country's raw materials for manufacturing, 72.7 percent of employment opportunities, and 32.5 percent of the country's gross domestic product. Coffee, oilseeds, pulses, flowers, chat, fruits and vegetables, meat and meat products, and other products are the primary source of export revenue, making up 71.2 percent of the nation's total export value. The wider diffusion of improved technologies has been influenced by a number of factors, including government spending in this sector, particularly on extension services; the road network; lower levels of education in rural areas; and the absence of favorable domestic and foreign pricing incentives. Ethiopia is now creating a framework for investments and policies to match the financial pledges made by the nation's development partners. Analyzing Ethiopia's current state of rural development and agriculture is the goal of this research project. The study was completed in conjunction with a review of the literature. The reviewed material was gathered thematically, condensed, examined, explained, and finally debated. The main factors limiting agricultural productivity and output are limited credit availability, climate change, deforestation and land degradation, lack of integration, lack of irrigation systems, sporadic natural disasters, pests, outdated technology, and limited market support. In this sense, the nation primarily uses the informal seed system, with very little use of improved seeds. Moreover, not every seed that was available was appropriate for the soil and climate types found in rural communities and beyond. However, a small number of households across farms felt that the current cost of fertilizers was high and unaffordable, in part because they had limited financial resources. The risk of low profitability was a concern for those who could afford fertilizers as well, considering the high cost and the unpredictable weather that could result in low yields. The bulk of Ethiopia's farming population consists of impoverished farmers, who generally seem to be shut out of the input supply system, which includes credit and financial services in addition to fertilizers and seeds. Establishing a robust and dynamic results-oriented monitoring and evaluation system is advised in order to eradicate and reduce the issues facing the nation's agricultural sector. Additionally, increased funding is required for agricultural research, the construction of infrastructure (such as roads), and the automation of agricultural practices.

VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Musba Kedir Mohammed

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email
Alemayehu Keba Beyene

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mohammed, M. K., Beyene, A. K. (2024). Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia. Science Development, 5(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mohammed, M. K.; Beyene, A. K. Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia. Sci. Dev. 2024, 5(1), 19-30. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mohammed MK, Beyene AK. Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia. Sci Dev. 2024;5(1):19-30. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12,
  author = {Musba Kedir Mohammed and Alemayehu Keba Beyene},
  title = {Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Development},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {19-30},
  doi = {10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.scidev.20240501.12},
  abstract = {Ethiopia's agricultural sector provides 90% of the country's raw materials for manufacturing, 72.7 percent of employment opportunities, and 32.5 percent of the country's gross domestic product. Coffee, oilseeds, pulses, flowers, chat, fruits and vegetables, meat and meat products, and other products are the primary source of export revenue, making up 71.2 percent of the nation's total export value. The wider diffusion of improved technologies has been influenced by a number of factors, including government spending in this sector, particularly on extension services; the road network; lower levels of education in rural areas; and the absence of favorable domestic and foreign pricing incentives. Ethiopia is now creating a framework for investments and policies to match the financial pledges made by the nation's development partners. Analyzing Ethiopia's current state of rural development and agriculture is the goal of this research project. The study was completed in conjunction with a review of the literature. The reviewed material was gathered thematically, condensed, examined, explained, and finally debated. The main factors limiting agricultural productivity and output are limited credit availability, climate change, deforestation and land degradation, lack of integration, lack of irrigation systems, sporadic natural disasters, pests, outdated technology, and limited market support. In this sense, the nation primarily uses the informal seed system, with very little use of improved seeds. Moreover, not every seed that was available was appropriate for the soil and climate types found in rural communities and beyond. However, a small number of households across farms felt that the current cost of fertilizers was high and unaffordable, in part because they had limited financial resources. The risk of low profitability was a concern for those who could afford fertilizers as well, considering the high cost and the unpredictable weather that could result in low yields. The bulk of Ethiopia's farming population consists of impoverished farmers, who generally seem to be shut out of the input supply system, which includes credit and financial services in addition to fertilizers and seeds. Establishing a robust and dynamic results-oriented monitoring and evaluation system is advised in order to eradicate and reduce the issues facing the nation's agricultural sector. Additionally, increased funding is required for agricultural research, the construction of infrastructure (such as roads), and the automation of agricultural practices.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Situation Analysis of Agricultural Development in Ethiopia
AU  - Musba Kedir Mohammed
AU  - Alemayehu Keba Beyene
Y1  - 2024/01/11
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12
T2  - Science Development
JF  - Science Development
JO  - Science Development
SP  - 19
EP  - 30
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7154
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20240501.12
AB  - Ethiopia's agricultural sector provides 90% of the country's raw materials for manufacturing, 72.7 percent of employment opportunities, and 32.5 percent of the country's gross domestic product. Coffee, oilseeds, pulses, flowers, chat, fruits and vegetables, meat and meat products, and other products are the primary source of export revenue, making up 71.2 percent of the nation's total export value. The wider diffusion of improved technologies has been influenced by a number of factors, including government spending in this sector, particularly on extension services; the road network; lower levels of education in rural areas; and the absence of favorable domestic and foreign pricing incentives. Ethiopia is now creating a framework for investments and policies to match the financial pledges made by the nation's development partners. Analyzing Ethiopia's current state of rural development and agriculture is the goal of this research project. The study was completed in conjunction with a review of the literature. The reviewed material was gathered thematically, condensed, examined, explained, and finally debated. The main factors limiting agricultural productivity and output are limited credit availability, climate change, deforestation and land degradation, lack of integration, lack of irrigation systems, sporadic natural disasters, pests, outdated technology, and limited market support. In this sense, the nation primarily uses the informal seed system, with very little use of improved seeds. Moreover, not every seed that was available was appropriate for the soil and climate types found in rural communities and beyond. However, a small number of households across farms felt that the current cost of fertilizers was high and unaffordable, in part because they had limited financial resources. The risk of low profitability was a concern for those who could afford fertilizers as well, considering the high cost and the unpredictable weather that could result in low yields. The bulk of Ethiopia's farming population consists of impoverished farmers, who generally seem to be shut out of the input supply system, which includes credit and financial services in addition to fertilizers and seeds. Establishing a robust and dynamic results-oriented monitoring and evaluation system is advised in order to eradicate and reduce the issues facing the nation's agricultural sector. Additionally, increased funding is required for agricultural research, the construction of infrastructure (such as roads), and the automation of agricultural practices.

VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download