The development of the agri-food sector in West African countries is limited by energy and technological factors. As a result, the main shea nut producers in these countries, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Mali, export their production to the benefit of large industries in northern countries. One of the most difficult operations involved in transforming shea nuts into shea butter is grinding. Processing shea kernels into shea butter requires a mill or grinder. The types of energy (diesel and electricity) used by these mills are fossil-based, difficult to access and pose huge environmental issues. The objective of this work is to design a mill, operating with photovoltaic solar energy as an energy source, in a design approach using design rules and industrial engineering tools. To this end, a survey on the practices of the networks of agri-food equipment stakeholders on the use of renewable energy and the characterization of the network of solar mill stakeholders were carried out. The results of the surveys and the network characterization of the stakeholders, combined with those of the literature review, made it possible to define rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the solar mill. The use of functional analysis and a tool to help choose energy-efficient technological solutions enabled to apply the rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the shea kernel solar mill for validation purpose. The results of the functional tests of the solar mill showed a production capacity of 270 Kg of shea kernel paste, a solar energy consumption of 11,532 kWh equivalent to an energy consumption of 1.82 USD in 6 hours operational time per day.
| Published in | Science Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 12, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11 |
| Page(s) | 67-80 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Agri-Food Equipment Design, Solar Mill, Socio-Technical Network, Solar Energy, Shea Butter, West Africa
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APA Style
Soulama, Y. S., Bationo, F., Boroze, T. T. (2024). A New Approach to Integrating Renewable Energies in the Design of a Shea Kernel Solar Mill. Science Journal of Energy Engineering, 12(4), 67-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11
ACS Style
Soulama, Y. S.; Bationo, F.; Boroze, T. T. A New Approach to Integrating Renewable Energies in the Design of a Shea Kernel Solar Mill. Sci. J. Energy Eng. 2024, 12(4), 67-80. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11,
author = {Yamako Soungalo Soulama and Frederic Bationo and Tchamye Tcha-Esso Boroze},
title = {A New Approach to Integrating Renewable Energies in the Design of a Shea Kernel Solar Mill
},
journal = {Science Journal of Energy Engineering},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {67-80},
doi = {10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjee.20241204.11},
abstract = {The development of the agri-food sector in West African countries is limited by energy and technological factors. As a result, the main shea nut producers in these countries, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Mali, export their production to the benefit of large industries in northern countries. One of the most difficult operations involved in transforming shea nuts into shea butter is grinding. Processing shea kernels into shea butter requires a mill or grinder. The types of energy (diesel and electricity) used by these mills are fossil-based, difficult to access and pose huge environmental issues. The objective of this work is to design a mill, operating with photovoltaic solar energy as an energy source, in a design approach using design rules and industrial engineering tools. To this end, a survey on the practices of the networks of agri-food equipment stakeholders on the use of renewable energy and the characterization of the network of solar mill stakeholders were carried out. The results of the surveys and the network characterization of the stakeholders, combined with those of the literature review, made it possible to define rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the solar mill. The use of functional analysis and a tool to help choose energy-efficient technological solutions enabled to apply the rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the shea kernel solar mill for validation purpose. The results of the functional tests of the solar mill showed a production capacity of 270 Kg of shea kernel paste, a solar energy consumption of 11,532 kWh equivalent to an energy consumption of 1.82 USD in 6 hours operational time per day.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - A New Approach to Integrating Renewable Energies in the Design of a Shea Kernel Solar Mill AU - Yamako Soungalo Soulama AU - Frederic Bationo AU - Tchamye Tcha-Esso Boroze Y1 - 2024/11/22 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11 DO - 10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11 T2 - Science Journal of Energy Engineering JF - Science Journal of Energy Engineering JO - Science Journal of Energy Engineering SP - 67 EP - 80 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2376-8126 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20241204.11 AB - The development of the agri-food sector in West African countries is limited by energy and technological factors. As a result, the main shea nut producers in these countries, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Mali, export their production to the benefit of large industries in northern countries. One of the most difficult operations involved in transforming shea nuts into shea butter is grinding. Processing shea kernels into shea butter requires a mill or grinder. The types of energy (diesel and electricity) used by these mills are fossil-based, difficult to access and pose huge environmental issues. The objective of this work is to design a mill, operating with photovoltaic solar energy as an energy source, in a design approach using design rules and industrial engineering tools. To this end, a survey on the practices of the networks of agri-food equipment stakeholders on the use of renewable energy and the characterization of the network of solar mill stakeholders were carried out. The results of the surveys and the network characterization of the stakeholders, combined with those of the literature review, made it possible to define rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the solar mill. The use of functional analysis and a tool to help choose energy-efficient technological solutions enabled to apply the rules for integrating renewable energy into the design of the shea kernel solar mill for validation purpose. The results of the functional tests of the solar mill showed a production capacity of 270 Kg of shea kernel paste, a solar energy consumption of 11,532 kWh equivalent to an energy consumption of 1.82 USD in 6 hours operational time per day. VL - 12 IS - 4 ER -
Department of Rural Engineering and Agricultural Machinery, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Institute for Research in Applied Sciences and Technologies, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Department of Rural Engineering and Agricultural Machinery, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
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