Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception

Zhihao Huang; Chengming Zhang; Jingxuan Han; Wenjing Guo; Jing An

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14

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Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception

Zhihao Huang, Chengming Zhang, Jingxuan Han, Wenjing Guo, Jing An

Published in American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 12, Issue 2)

Received: 11 April 2023 Accepted: 26 April 2023 Published: 10 May 2023

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Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and explore the relationship between depression and anxiety and risk perception of college students. Method Random sampling was used to conduct self-design questionnaire survey among 3084 students in Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology. The survey content includes demographic characteristics, influencing factors, Depression Self-rating Scale, Anxiety Self-rating Scale and Corona Virus Disease 19 risk perception Scale. Results According to multivariate Logistic regression, after adjusting for confounding factors, the influencing factors that decrease depression among participants included having breakfast everyday (OR = 0.714, 95%CI: 0.521 ~ 0.979), exercising 3 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 0.632, 95%CI: 0.471 ~ 0.848), exercising more than 4 times per week (OR = 0.618, 95%CI: 0.457 ~ 0.835), sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.613, 95%CI: 0..443 ~ 0.847), sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.509, 95%CI: 0.353 ~ 0.732); the influencing factors that increase depression among participants included having night snacks 1 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 1.299, 95%CI: 1.093 ~ 2.543), having night snacks more than 4 times per week (OR = 1.523, 95%CI: 1.062 ~ 2.185), neutral personality (OR = 1.597, 95%CI: 1.298 ~ 1.965), introverted personality (OR = 2.741, 95%CI: 2.117 ~ 3.549), neutral temperament (OR = 1.489, 95%CI: 1.257 ~ 1.763), wild temperament (OR = 4.161, 95%CI: 2.933 ~ 5.904) and high risk perception (OR = 2.509, 95%CI: 2.017 ~ 3.122); the influencing factors that decrease anxiety among participants included sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.404 ~ 0.800) and sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.438, 95%CI: 0.293 ~ 0.654); the influencing factors that increase anxiety among participants included drinking alcohol more than 4 times everyday (OR = 2.329, 95%CI: 1.020 ~ 5.319), having night snack 1 ~ 4 times every week (OR = 1.239, 95%CI: 1.010 ~ 1.519), having night snack more than 4 times every week (OR = 1.603, 95%CI: 1.081 ~ 2.379), neutral personality (OR = 1.629, 95%CI: 1.271 ~ 2.089), introverted personality (OR = 1.758, 95%CI: 1.292 ~ 2.393), wild temperament (OR = 2.261, 95%CI: 1.574 ~ 3.247) and high risk perception (OR = 3.104, 95%CI: 2.476 ~ 3.892). Conclusion During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic, depression and anxiety among college students are closely related to their dietary habits, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, sleep duration, personality, temperament, and risk perception level.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 12, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14
Page(s)	56-62
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Corona Virus Disease 2019, Depression, Anxiety, Influencing Factors, Risk Perception, College Students

References

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APA Style

Zhihao Huang, Chengming Zhang, Jingxuan Han, Wenjing Guo, Jing An. (2023). Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 12(2), 56-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14

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ACS Style

Zhihao Huang; Chengming Zhang; Jingxuan Han; Wenjing Guo; Jing An. Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2023, 12(2), 56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14

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AMA Style

Zhihao Huang, Chengming Zhang, Jingxuan Han, Wenjing Guo, Jing An. Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception. Am J Appl Psychol. 2023;12(2):56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14,
  author = {Zhihao Huang and Chengming Zhang and Jingxuan Han and Wenjing Guo and Jing An},
  title = {Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {12},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20231202.14},
  abstract = {Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and explore the relationship between depression and anxiety and risk perception of college students. Method Random sampling was used to conduct self-design questionnaire survey among 3084 students in Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology. The survey content includes demographic characteristics, influencing factors, Depression Self-rating Scale, Anxiety Self-rating Scale and Corona Virus Disease 19 risk perception Scale. Results According to multivariate Logistic regression, after adjusting for confounding factors, the influencing factors that decrease depression among participants included having breakfast everyday (OR = 0.714, 95%CI: 0.521 ~ 0.979), exercising 3 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 0.632, 95%CI: 0.471 ~ 0.848), exercising more than 4 times per week (OR = 0.618, 95%CI: 0.457 ~ 0.835), sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.613, 95%CI: 0..443 ~ 0.847), sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.509, 95%CI: 0.353 ~ 0.732); the influencing factors that increase depression among participants included having night snacks 1 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 1.299, 95%CI: 1.093 ~ 2.543), having night snacks more than 4 times per week (OR = 1.523, 95%CI: 1.062 ~ 2.185), neutral personality (OR = 1.597, 95%CI: 1.298 ~ 1.965), introverted personality (OR = 2.741, 95%CI: 2.117 ~ 3.549), neutral temperament (OR = 1.489, 95%CI: 1.257 ~ 1.763), wild temperament (OR = 4.161, 95%CI: 2.933 ~ 5.904) and high risk perception (OR = 2.509, 95%CI: 2.017 ~ 3.122); the influencing factors that decrease anxiety among participants included sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.404 ~ 0.800) and sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.438, 95%CI: 0.293 ~ 0.654); the influencing factors that increase anxiety among participants included drinking alcohol more than 4 times everyday (OR = 2.329, 95%CI: 1.020 ~ 5.319), having night snack 1 ~ 4 times every week (OR = 1.239, 95%CI: 1.010 ~ 1.519), having night snack more than 4 times every week (OR = 1.603, 95%CI: 1.081 ~ 2.379), neutral personality (OR = 1.629, 95%CI: 1.271 ~ 2.089), introverted personality (OR = 1.758, 95%CI: 1.292 ~ 2.393), wild temperament (OR = 2.261, 95%CI: 1.574 ~ 3.247) and high risk perception (OR = 3.104, 95%CI: 2.476 ~ 3.892). Conclusion During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic, depression and anxiety among college students are closely related to their dietary habits, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, sleep duration, personality, temperament, and risk perception level.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception
AU  - Zhihao Huang
AU  - Chengming Zhang
AU  - Jingxuan Han
AU  - Wenjing Guo
AU  - Jing An
Y1  - 2023/05/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 56
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14
AB  - Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and explore the relationship between depression and anxiety and risk perception of college students. Method Random sampling was used to conduct self-design questionnaire survey among 3084 students in Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology. The survey content includes demographic characteristics, influencing factors, Depression Self-rating Scale, Anxiety Self-rating Scale and Corona Virus Disease 19 risk perception Scale. Results According to multivariate Logistic regression, after adjusting for confounding factors, the influencing factors that decrease depression among participants included having breakfast everyday (OR = 0.714, 95%CI: 0.521 ~ 0.979), exercising 3 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 0.632, 95%CI: 0.471 ~ 0.848), exercising more than 4 times per week (OR = 0.618, 95%CI: 0.457 ~ 0.835), sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.613, 95%CI: 0..443 ~ 0.847), sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.509, 95%CI: 0.353 ~ 0.732); the influencing factors that increase depression among participants included having night snacks 1 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 1.299, 95%CI: 1.093 ~ 2.543), having night snacks more than 4 times per week (OR = 1.523, 95%CI: 1.062 ~ 2.185), neutral personality (OR = 1.597, 95%CI: 1.298 ~ 1.965), introverted personality (OR = 2.741, 95%CI: 2.117 ~ 3.549), neutral temperament (OR = 1.489, 95%CI: 1.257 ~ 1.763), wild temperament (OR = 4.161, 95%CI: 2.933 ~ 5.904) and high risk perception (OR = 2.509, 95%CI: 2.017 ~ 3.122); the influencing factors that decrease anxiety among participants included sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.404 ~ 0.800) and sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.438, 95%CI: 0.293 ~ 0.654); the influencing factors that increase anxiety among participants included drinking alcohol more than 4 times everyday (OR = 2.329, 95%CI: 1.020 ~ 5.319), having night snack 1 ~ 4 times every week (OR = 1.239, 95%CI: 1.010 ~ 1.519), having night snack more than 4 times every week (OR = 1.603, 95%CI: 1.081 ~ 2.379), neutral personality (OR = 1.629, 95%CI: 1.271 ~ 2.089), introverted personality (OR = 1.758, 95%CI: 1.292 ~ 2.393), wild temperament (OR = 2.261, 95%CI: 1.574 ~ 3.247) and high risk perception (OR = 3.104, 95%CI: 2.476 ~ 3.892). Conclusion During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic, depression and anxiety among college students are closely related to their dietary habits, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, sleep duration, personality, temperament, and risk perception level.
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Zhihao Huang

School of Big Data and Fundamental Sciences, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China
Chengming Zhang

School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China
Jingxuan Han

School of Big Data and Fundamental Sciences, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China
Wenjing Guo

School of Big Data and Fundamental Sciences, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China
Jing An

School of Big Data and Fundamental Sciences, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying, China

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APA Style

Zhihao Huang, Chengming Zhang, Jingxuan Han, Wenjing Guo, Jing An. (2023). Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 12(2), 56-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14

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ACS Style

Zhihao Huang; Chengming Zhang; Jingxuan Han; Wenjing Guo; Jing An. Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2023, 12(2), 56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14

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AMA Style

Zhihao Huang, Chengming Zhang, Jingxuan Han, Wenjing Guo, Jing An. Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception. Am J Appl Psychol. 2023;12(2):56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14,
  author = {Zhihao Huang and Chengming Zhang and Jingxuan Han and Wenjing Guo and Jing An},
  title = {Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {12},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20231202.14},
  abstract = {Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and explore the relationship between depression and anxiety and risk perception of college students. Method Random sampling was used to conduct self-design questionnaire survey among 3084 students in Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology. The survey content includes demographic characteristics, influencing factors, Depression Self-rating Scale, Anxiety Self-rating Scale and Corona Virus Disease 19 risk perception Scale. Results According to multivariate Logistic regression, after adjusting for confounding factors, the influencing factors that decrease depression among participants included having breakfast everyday (OR = 0.714, 95%CI: 0.521 ~ 0.979), exercising 3 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 0.632, 95%CI: 0.471 ~ 0.848), exercising more than 4 times per week (OR = 0.618, 95%CI: 0.457 ~ 0.835), sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.613, 95%CI: 0..443 ~ 0.847), sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.509, 95%CI: 0.353 ~ 0.732); the influencing factors that increase depression among participants included having night snacks 1 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 1.299, 95%CI: 1.093 ~ 2.543), having night snacks more than 4 times per week (OR = 1.523, 95%CI: 1.062 ~ 2.185), neutral personality (OR = 1.597, 95%CI: 1.298 ~ 1.965), introverted personality (OR = 2.741, 95%CI: 2.117 ~ 3.549), neutral temperament (OR = 1.489, 95%CI: 1.257 ~ 1.763), wild temperament (OR = 4.161, 95%CI: 2.933 ~ 5.904) and high risk perception (OR = 2.509, 95%CI: 2.017 ~ 3.122); the influencing factors that decrease anxiety among participants included sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.404 ~ 0.800) and sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.438, 95%CI: 0.293 ~ 0.654); the influencing factors that increase anxiety among participants included drinking alcohol more than 4 times everyday (OR = 2.329, 95%CI: 1.020 ~ 5.319), having night snack 1 ~ 4 times every week (OR = 1.239, 95%CI: 1.010 ~ 1.519), having night snack more than 4 times every week (OR = 1.603, 95%CI: 1.081 ~ 2.379), neutral personality (OR = 1.629, 95%CI: 1.271 ~ 2.089), introverted personality (OR = 1.758, 95%CI: 1.292 ~ 2.393), wild temperament (OR = 2.261, 95%CI: 1.574 ~ 3.247) and high risk perception (OR = 3.104, 95%CI: 2.476 ~ 3.892). Conclusion During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic, depression and anxiety among college students are closely related to their dietary habits, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, sleep duration, personality, temperament, and risk perception level.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception
AU  - Zhihao Huang
AU  - Chengming Zhang
AU  - Jingxuan Han
AU  - Wenjing Guo
AU  - Jing An
Y1  - 2023/05/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 56
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20231202.14
AB  - Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and explore the relationship between depression and anxiety and risk perception of college students. Method Random sampling was used to conduct self-design questionnaire survey among 3084 students in Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology. The survey content includes demographic characteristics, influencing factors, Depression Self-rating Scale, Anxiety Self-rating Scale and Corona Virus Disease 19 risk perception Scale. Results According to multivariate Logistic regression, after adjusting for confounding factors, the influencing factors that decrease depression among participants included having breakfast everyday (OR = 0.714, 95%CI: 0.521 ~ 0.979), exercising 3 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 0.632, 95%CI: 0.471 ~ 0.848), exercising more than 4 times per week (OR = 0.618, 95%CI: 0.457 ~ 0.835), sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.613, 95%CI: 0..443 ~ 0.847), sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.509, 95%CI: 0.353 ~ 0.732); the influencing factors that increase depression among participants included having night snacks 1 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 1.299, 95%CI: 1.093 ~ 2.543), having night snacks more than 4 times per week (OR = 1.523, 95%CI: 1.062 ~ 2.185), neutral personality (OR = 1.597, 95%CI: 1.298 ~ 1.965), introverted personality (OR = 2.741, 95%CI: 2.117 ~ 3.549), neutral temperament (OR = 1.489, 95%CI: 1.257 ~ 1.763), wild temperament (OR = 4.161, 95%CI: 2.933 ~ 5.904) and high risk perception (OR = 2.509, 95%CI: 2.017 ~ 3.122); the influencing factors that decrease anxiety among participants included sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.404 ~ 0.800) and sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.438, 95%CI: 0.293 ~ 0.654); the influencing factors that increase anxiety among participants included drinking alcohol more than 4 times everyday (OR = 2.329, 95%CI: 1.020 ~ 5.319), having night snack 1 ~ 4 times every week (OR = 1.239, 95%CI: 1.010 ~ 1.519), having night snack more than 4 times every week (OR = 1.603, 95%CI: 1.081 ~ 2.379), neutral personality (OR = 1.629, 95%CI: 1.271 ~ 2.089), introverted personality (OR = 1.758, 95%CI: 1.292 ~ 2.393), wild temperament (OR = 2.261, 95%CI: 1.574 ~ 3.247) and high risk perception (OR = 3.104, 95%CI: 2.476 ~ 3.892). Conclusion During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic, depression and anxiety among college students are closely related to their dietary habits, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, sleep duration, personality, temperament, and risk perception level.
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
ER  -

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