Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation

Shuranjan Sarkar; Zakaria Ahmed

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13

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Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation

Shuranjan Sarkar, Zakaria Ahmed

Published in American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 17 January 2022 Accepted: 7 February 2022 Published: 16 February 2022

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Abstract

Charcoal is a light-weight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood with minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. Jute sticks were used as a cheap precursor for the preparation of charcoal and activated carbon. Chemical activation with CaCl₂ caused the physicochemical changes in charcoal. Jute sticks were carbonized at a range of 250°C to 750°C temperatures by an electric muffle furnace where 40–45% higher yields were observed at 250°C temperature and yields declined (8–10%) with an increase in temperature up to 500°C. In the case of charcoal, the average moisture was 9.88%. The IR results of charcoal analysis were indicated 3,450 cm^-1 for the moisture and 1689.34 cm^-1 for carboxyl groups. Ash was obtained at a temperature of 550°C in thermogravimetric analysis. At the first phase (50–340°C) of activated carbon, moisture was released (24% weight loss) because of the activation of activated carbon, which consumes more water than charcoal. The oxidation of carbon occurred in the range of 340–550°C and the remaining 1% of inorganic materials became ash. Food and beverage processing, snow avalanche control, municipal drinking water, industrial pollution control, radio wave capture, methane solvent recovery, odor remover, metal purification, and sewage treatment will all benefit from this activated carbon. The properties of the final materials obtained after pyrolyzing at 700°C can be a suitable approach.

Published in	American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13
Page(s)	11-15
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Jute Stick, Carbonization, Charcoal, Chemical Activation, Activated Carbon

References

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[2]	Panda GC, Das SK & Guha AK (2009) Jute stick powder as a potential biomass for the removal of congored and rhodamine B from their aqueous solution. J Hazard Mater 164 (1): 374–379.
[3]	Asadullah M, Asaduzzaman M, Kabir MS, Mostofa MG & Miyazawa T (2010) Chemical and structural evaluation of activated carbon prepared from jute sticks for brilliant green dye removal from aqueous solution. J Hazard Mater 174 (1–3): 437–443.
[4]	Chakraborty TK, Islam MS, Zaman S, Kabir AHME & Ghosh GC (2020) Jute (Corchorus olitorius) stick charcoal as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. SN Applied Sciences 2: 765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2565-y.
[5]	Dinçer AR, Güneş Y, Karakaya N & Güneş E (2007) Comparison of activated carbon and bottom ash for removal of reactive dye from aqueous solution, Bioresour. Technol., 98, 834–839.
[6]	Asadullah M, Rahman MSA, Ali MM, Motin MA, Sultan MB, Alam MR, Rahman MSA, Rahman MA, Mohsin MA, Motin MA, Sultan MB, Alam MR & Rahman MS (2008) Jute stick pyrolysis for bio-oil production in fluidized bed reactor, Bioresour. Technol., 99, 44–50. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.12.002.
[7]	ASTMD1762-84 Standard method for chemical analysis of wood charcoal, ASTM International, 1990.
[8]	National Standard Agency (1995) Technical activated carbon, SNI06-3730-95. Jakarta.
[9]	El-Hendaway AN (2003) Influence of HNO₃ oxidation on the structure and adsorptive properties of corncob-based activated carbon. Carbon, 41 (4), 713-722.
[10]	Pari G, Hendra D and Pasaribu RA (2008) Improved quality activated carbon mangium bark. Forest Products Research J., 20 (3), 214-225.
[11]	Haji AG, Pari G, Nazar M & Habibati (2013) Characterization of activated carbon produced from urban organic waste. Internat. J. Sci. Eng., 5 (2), 89-94.
[12]	Aziz MA, Chowdhury RI, Mazumder MAJ & Chowdhury S (2019) Highly porous carboxylated activated carbon from jute stick for removal of Pb²⁺ from aqueous solution, Environ. Sci. Poll. Res. 26: 22656-22669.
[13]	Rajak VK, Kumar S, Thombre NV & Mandal A (2018) Synthesis of activated charcoal from saw-dust and characterization for adsorptive separation of oil from oil-in-water emulsion, Chemical Engineering Communications, 205: 7, 897-913, DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2017.142328.
[14]	Rampe MJ, SantosoI. RS, Rampe HL, Tiwow VA & Apita A (2021) Infrared spectra patterns of coconut shell charcoal as result of pyrolysis and acid activation origin of Sulawesi, Indonesia, E3S Web of Conferences, 328, 08008, https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132808008.
[15]	Krishnan KA & Anirudhan TS (2002) Uptake of heavy metals in batch systems by sulfurized steam activated carbon prepared from sugarcane bagasse pith, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 415085-5093.
[16]	El-Eswed B (2015) Effect of basicity and hydrophobicity of amines on their adsorption onto charcoal, Desalination and Water Treatment, DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2015.1101622.
[17]	Sumaya TN, Wasikur RM, Raghunath S, Hasan MM & Deb A (2019) Jute stick powder as a potential low-cost adsorbent to uptake methylene blue from dye enriched waste water. Desalination and Water Treatment 153, 279–287. doi: 10.5004/dwt.2019.23767.
[18]	Kadirvelu K, Kavipriya M, Karthika C, Radhika M, Vennilamani N & Pattabhi S (2003) Utilization of various agricultural wastes for activated carbon preparation and application for the removal of dyes and metalions from aqueous solutions, Bioresour. Technol., 87, 129–132.

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APA Style

Shuranjan Sarkar, Zakaria Ahmed. (2022). Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation. American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 8(1), 11-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13

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ACS Style

Shuranjan Sarkar; Zakaria Ahmed. Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation. Am. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. 2022, 8(1), 11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13

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AMA Style

Shuranjan Sarkar, Zakaria Ahmed. Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation. Am J Polym Sci Technol. 2022;8(1):11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13,
  author = {Shuranjan Sarkar and Zakaria Ahmed},
  title = {Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation},
  journal = {American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpst.20220801.13},
  abstract = {Charcoal is a light-weight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood with minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. Jute sticks were used as a cheap precursor for the preparation of charcoal and activated carbon. Chemical activation with CaCl2 caused the physicochemical changes in charcoal. Jute sticks were carbonized at a range of 250°C to 750°C temperatures by an electric muffle furnace where 40–45% higher yields were observed at 250°C temperature and yields declined (8–10%) with an increase in temperature up to 500°C. In the case of charcoal, the average moisture was 9.88%. The IR results of charcoal analysis were indicated 3,450 cm-1 for the moisture and 1689.34 cm-1 for carboxyl groups. Ash was obtained at a temperature of 550°C in thermogravimetric analysis. At the first phase (50–340°C) of activated carbon, moisture was released (24% weight loss) because of the activation of activated carbon, which consumes more water than charcoal. The oxidation of carbon occurred in the range of 340–550°C and the remaining 1% of inorganic materials became ash. Food and beverage processing, snow avalanche control, municipal drinking water, industrial pollution control, radio wave capture, methane solvent recovery, odor remover, metal purification, and sewage treatment will all benefit from this activated carbon. The properties of the final materials obtained after pyrolyzing at 700°C can be a suitable approach.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation
AU - Shuranjan Sarkar
AU - Zakaria Ahmed
Y1 - 2022/02/16
PY - 2022
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13
DO - 10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13
T2 - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JF - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
JO - American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
SP - 11
EP - 15
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5986
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13
AB - Charcoal is a light-weight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood with minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. Jute sticks were used as a cheap precursor for the preparation of charcoal and activated carbon. Chemical activation with CaCl2 caused the physicochemical changes in charcoal. Jute sticks were carbonized at a range of 250°C to 750°C temperatures by an electric muffle furnace where 40–45% higher yields were observed at 250°C temperature and yields declined (8–10%) with an increase in temperature up to 500°C. In the case of charcoal, the average moisture was 9.88%. The IR results of charcoal analysis were indicated 3,450 cm-1 for the moisture and 1689.34 cm-1 for carboxyl groups. Ash was obtained at a temperature of 550°C in thermogravimetric analysis. At the first phase (50–340°C) of activated carbon, moisture was released (24% weight loss) because of the activation of activated carbon, which consumes more water than charcoal. The oxidation of carbon occurred in the range of 340–550°C and the remaining 1% of inorganic materials became ash. Food and beverage processing, snow avalanche control, municipal drinking water, industrial pollution control, radio wave capture, methane solvent recovery, odor remover, metal purification, and sewage treatment will all benefit from this activated carbon. The properties of the final materials obtained after pyrolyzing at 700°C can be a suitable approach.
VL - 8
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Shuranjan Sarkar

Industrial Chemistry Department, Chemistry Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Zakaria Ahmed

Weaving Department, Mechanical Processing Division, Technology Wing, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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APA Style

Shuranjan Sarkar, Zakaria Ahmed. (2022). Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation. American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 8(1), 11-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13

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ACS Style

Shuranjan Sarkar; Zakaria Ahmed. Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation. Am. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. 2022, 8(1), 11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13

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AMA Style

Shuranjan Sarkar, Zakaria Ahmed. Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation. Am J Polym Sci Technol. 2022;8(1):11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13,
  author = {Shuranjan Sarkar and Zakaria Ahmed},
  title = {Jute Stick- A Suitable and Economical Source as Charcoal and Activated Carbon Preparation},
  journal = {American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpst.20220801.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpst.20220801.13},
  abstract = {Charcoal is a light-weight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood with minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. Jute sticks were used as a cheap precursor for the preparation of charcoal and activated carbon. Chemical activation with CaCl2 caused the physicochemical changes in charcoal. Jute sticks were carbonized at a range of 250°C to 750°C temperatures by an electric muffle furnace where 40–45% higher yields were observed at 250°C temperature and yields declined (8–10%) with an increase in temperature up to 500°C. In the case of charcoal, the average moisture was 9.88%. The IR results of charcoal analysis were indicated 3,450 cm-1 for the moisture and 1689.34 cm-1 for carboxyl groups. Ash was obtained at a temperature of 550°C in thermogravimetric analysis. At the first phase (50–340°C) of activated carbon, moisture was released (24% weight loss) because of the activation of activated carbon, which consumes more water than charcoal. The oxidation of carbon occurred in the range of 340–550°C and the remaining 1% of inorganic materials became ash. Food and beverage processing, snow avalanche control, municipal drinking water, industrial pollution control, radio wave capture, methane solvent recovery, odor remover, metal purification, and sewage treatment will all benefit from this activated carbon. The properties of the final materials obtained after pyrolyzing at 700°C can be a suitable approach.},
 year = {2022}
}

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