A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya

Suryakant Waghela; Zorro Kashmiri; Gideon Mwongela; Mohammed Fazil

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14

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A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya

Suryakant Waghela, Zorro Kashmiri, Gideon Mwongela, Mohammed Fazil

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 4)

Received: 25 July 2022 Accepted: 15 August 2022 Published: 24 August 2022

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Abstract

Here we describe an outbreak of bovine parasitic otitis on three ranches in the coastal region of Kenya. The unilateral or bilateral ear infection is initiated by the infestation of the nematode Rhabditis bovis, which eventually manifests as a secondary bacterial infection and/or larval myiasis leading to clinical symptoms and sometimes death of the affected cattle. Depending on the start period of the disease on each of the ranches, the number of animals affected varied from four to fifty percent. Physical examination of ears in early stages showed the Rhabitis worms as a ‘shimmering’ creamy white blob, which on removal showed beginnings of denudation of the mucosa. In later stages, purulent secretion with a liquefactive necrosis was observed following bacterial infections resulting in head shaking and/or banging causing death or early slaughter of some animals. Four hand-mixed drugs were applied as treatment, but were not effective for long periods since re-infestation from the sources led to reappearance of infection in the animals. The nematode is a free living worm found in soil or organic material, and suspected sources of infestations on the ranches were either the night enclosures or dirty dipping tanks. Consistent maintenance of cleanliness of these suspected sources was difficult, especially in the larger enterprises. A constant vigilance with rightly timed treatment and hygiene is necessary to prevent and/or control the disease.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14
Page(s)	104-108
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cattle, Parasitic, Otitis, Rhabditis, Infestation, Infection, Bacteria, Myiasis

References

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[11]	El-Azazy, O. M. E., H. M. El-Gawady, and M. S. Nada, The occurrence of Rhabditis (Rhabditella) axei in the faeces of a chicken in Egypt. Journal of helminthology, 1988. 62 (3): p. 219-220.
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[18]	Odongo, M. O. and C. F. D'Souza, Prevalence and treatment of bovine parasitic otitis in Olkarkar group ranch of Kajiado district, Kenya. Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa. Bulletin de la sante et de la production animales en Afrique, 1989. 37 (2): p. 191-194.
[19]	Martins Júnior, W., Rhabdits (Rhabditis) Freitasi/sp. n. e Rhabditis (Rhabditis) Costai/sp. n (Nematoda-Rhabditidae) isolados de otite bovina. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 1985: p. 11-16.
[20]	Barbosa, J. D., et al., Detecção e tratamento de otite por Rhabditis blumi em bovinos da região Norte do Brasil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 2016. 36 (7): p. 605-610.
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APA Style

Suryakant Waghela, Zorro Kashmiri, Gideon Mwongela, Mohammed Fazil. (2022). A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 10(4), 104-108. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14

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ACS Style

Suryakant Waghela; Zorro Kashmiri; Gideon Mwongela; Mohammed Fazil. A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2022, 10(4), 104-108. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14

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AMA Style

Suryakant Waghela, Zorro Kashmiri, Gideon Mwongela, Mohammed Fazil. A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya. Anim Vet Sci. 2022;10(4):104-108. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14,
  author = {Suryakant Waghela and Zorro Kashmiri and Gideon Mwongela and Mohammed Fazil},
  title = {A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {104-108},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20221004.14},
  abstract = {Here we describe an outbreak of bovine parasitic otitis on three ranches in the coastal region of Kenya. The unilateral or bilateral ear infection is initiated by the infestation of the nematode Rhabditis bovis, which eventually manifests as a secondary bacterial infection and/or larval myiasis leading to clinical symptoms and sometimes death of the affected cattle. Depending on the start period of the disease on each of the ranches, the number of animals affected varied from four to fifty percent. Physical examination of ears in early stages showed the Rhabitis worms as a ‘shimmering’ creamy white blob, which on removal showed beginnings of denudation of the mucosa. In later stages, purulent secretion with a liquefactive necrosis was observed following bacterial infections resulting in head shaking and/or banging causing death or early slaughter of some animals. Four hand-mixed drugs were applied as treatment, but were not effective for long periods since re-infestation from the sources led to reappearance of infection in the animals. The nematode is a free living worm found in soil or organic material, and suspected sources of infestations on the ranches were either the night enclosures or dirty dipping tanks. Consistent maintenance of cleanliness of these suspected sources was difficult, especially in the larger enterprises. A constant vigilance with rightly timed treatment and hygiene is necessary to prevent and/or control the disease.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya
AU  - Suryakant Waghela
AU  - Zorro Kashmiri
AU  - Gideon Mwongela
AU  - Mohammed Fazil
Y1  - 2022/08/24
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 104
EP  - 108
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14
AB  - Here we describe an outbreak of bovine parasitic otitis on three ranches in the coastal region of Kenya. The unilateral or bilateral ear infection is initiated by the infestation of the nematode Rhabditis bovis, which eventually manifests as a secondary bacterial infection and/or larval myiasis leading to clinical symptoms and sometimes death of the affected cattle. Depending on the start period of the disease on each of the ranches, the number of animals affected varied from four to fifty percent. Physical examination of ears in early stages showed the Rhabitis worms as a ‘shimmering’ creamy white blob, which on removal showed beginnings of denudation of the mucosa. In later stages, purulent secretion with a liquefactive necrosis was observed following bacterial infections resulting in head shaking and/or banging causing death or early slaughter of some animals. Four hand-mixed drugs were applied as treatment, but were not effective for long periods since re-infestation from the sources led to reappearance of infection in the animals. The nematode is a free living worm found in soil or organic material, and suspected sources of infestations on the ranches were either the night enclosures or dirty dipping tanks. Consistent maintenance of cleanliness of these suspected sources was difficult, especially in the larger enterprises. A constant vigilance with rightly timed treatment and hygiene is necessary to prevent and/or control the disease.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
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Author Information

Suryakant Waghela

Veterinary Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Services, Kabete, Kenya
Zorro Kashmiri

Animal Clinic, Ganjoni, Mombasa, Kenya
Gideon Mwongela

Veterinary Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Services, Kabete, Kenya
Mohammed Fazil

Provincial Veterinary Office, Department of Veterinary Services, Mombasa, Kenya

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APA Style

Suryakant Waghela, Zorro Kashmiri, Gideon Mwongela, Mohammed Fazil. (2022). A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 10(4), 104-108. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14

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ACS Style

Suryakant Waghela; Zorro Kashmiri; Gideon Mwongela; Mohammed Fazil. A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2022, 10(4), 104-108. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14

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AMA Style

Suryakant Waghela, Zorro Kashmiri, Gideon Mwongela, Mohammed Fazil. A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya. Anim Vet Sci. 2022;10(4):104-108. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14,
  author = {Suryakant Waghela and Zorro Kashmiri and Gideon Mwongela and Mohammed Fazil},
  title = {A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {104-108},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20221004.14},
  abstract = {Here we describe an outbreak of bovine parasitic otitis on three ranches in the coastal region of Kenya. The unilateral or bilateral ear infection is initiated by the infestation of the nematode Rhabditis bovis, which eventually manifests as a secondary bacterial infection and/or larval myiasis leading to clinical symptoms and sometimes death of the affected cattle. Depending on the start period of the disease on each of the ranches, the number of animals affected varied from four to fifty percent. Physical examination of ears in early stages showed the Rhabitis worms as a ‘shimmering’ creamy white blob, which on removal showed beginnings of denudation of the mucosa. In later stages, purulent secretion with a liquefactive necrosis was observed following bacterial infections resulting in head shaking and/or banging causing death or early slaughter of some animals. Four hand-mixed drugs were applied as treatment, but were not effective for long periods since re-infestation from the sources led to reappearance of infection in the animals. The nematode is a free living worm found in soil or organic material, and suspected sources of infestations on the ranches were either the night enclosures or dirty dipping tanks. Consistent maintenance of cleanliness of these suspected sources was difficult, especially in the larger enterprises. A constant vigilance with rightly timed treatment and hygiene is necessary to prevent and/or control the disease.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Case Report - Bovine Parasitic Otitis in Cattle of Taita-Taveta District, Kenya
AU  - Suryakant Waghela
AU  - Zorro Kashmiri
AU  - Gideon Mwongela
AU  - Mohammed Fazil
Y1  - 2022/08/24
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 104
EP  - 108
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20221004.14
AB  - Here we describe an outbreak of bovine parasitic otitis on three ranches in the coastal region of Kenya. The unilateral or bilateral ear infection is initiated by the infestation of the nematode Rhabditis bovis, which eventually manifests as a secondary bacterial infection and/or larval myiasis leading to clinical symptoms and sometimes death of the affected cattle. Depending on the start period of the disease on each of the ranches, the number of animals affected varied from four to fifty percent. Physical examination of ears in early stages showed the Rhabitis worms as a ‘shimmering’ creamy white blob, which on removal showed beginnings of denudation of the mucosa. In later stages, purulent secretion with a liquefactive necrosis was observed following bacterial infections resulting in head shaking and/or banging causing death or early slaughter of some animals. Four hand-mixed drugs were applied as treatment, but were not effective for long periods since re-infestation from the sources led to reappearance of infection in the animals. The nematode is a free living worm found in soil or organic material, and suspected sources of infestations on the ranches were either the night enclosures or dirty dipping tanks. Consistent maintenance of cleanliness of these suspected sources was difficult, especially in the larger enterprises. A constant vigilance with rightly timed treatment and hygiene is necessary to prevent and/or control the disease.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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