| Peer-Reviewed

Upregulated Genes in Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells

Received: 13 January 2023    Accepted: 14 February 2023    Published: 4 March 2023
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Many works have been done on the interaction between neurons and osteoblasts. However, the cells used in our previous study were derived from mouse and rat, and it is impossible to exclude the possibility of cross-reactivity of the mouse and rat probes Osteoblasts cell line labeled with red fluorescent protein and sympathetic neuronal cell line labeled with green fluorescent protein were generated. A DNA microarray analysis was conducted by using these cell line in co-culture system. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “axon” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Eight genes, i.e., neuropilin 1, growth associated protein 43, dopamine receptor D2, plexin A2, disabled 1, ephrin receptor A7, ephrin B2, and fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 3 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of osteoblasts were upregulated in contact co-culture with sympathetic neuronal cells. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “osteoblast” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Four genes, i.e., gap junction protein, alpha 1, collagen, type VI, alpha 1 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of neurons were upregulated in co-culture with osteoblasts. These molecules may be candidates for factors that promote osteoblast differentiation and neural differentiation.

Published in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11
Page(s) 1-4
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Osteoblast, Sympathetic Neuronal Cell, Contact Co-culture, Differentiation, Microarray Analysis

References
[1] Kim, J. M., Lin, C., Stavre, Z., Greenblatt, M. B., & Shim, J. H. (2020). Osteoblast-Osteoclast Communication and Bone Homeostasis. Cells, 9 (9), 2073.
[2] Dimitri, P., & Rosen, C. (2017). The Central Nervous System and Bone Metabolism: An Evolving Story. Calcified tissue international, 100 (5), 476-485.
[3] Houweling, P., Kulkarni, R. N., & Baldock, P. A. (2015). Neuronal control of bone and muscle. Bone, 80, 95-100.
[4] Fukuda, T., Takeda, S., Xu, R., Ochi, H., Sunamura, S., Sato, T., Shibata, S., Yoshida, Y., Gu, Z., Kimura, A., Ma, C., Xu, C., Bando, W., Fujita, K., Shinomiya, K., Hirai, T., Asou, Y., Enomoto, M., Okano, H., Okawa, A., & Itoh, H. (2013). Sema3A regulates bone-mass accrual through sensory innervations. Nature, 497 (7450), 490-493.
[5] Asada, K., Obata, K., Horiguchi, K., Takaki, M. (2012). Age-related changes in afferent responses in sensory neurons to mechanical stimulation of osteoblasts in coculture system. American journal of physiology Cell physiology, 302, C757-765.
[6] Kodama, D., Hirai, T., Kondo, H., Hamamura, K., Togari, A. (2017). Bidirectional communication between sensory neurons and osteoblasts in an in vitro coculture system. FEBS letters, 591, 527-539.
[7] Takeda, S., Elefteriou, F., Levasseur, R., Liu, X., Zhao, L., Parker, K. L., Armstrong, D., Ducy, P., Karsenty, G. (2002). Leptin regulates bone formation via the sympathetic nervous system. Cell, 111, 305-317.
[8] Fu, L., Patel, M. S., Bradley, A., Wagner, E. F., Karsenty, G. (2005). The molecular clock mediates leptin-regulated bone formation. Cell, 122, 803-815.
[9] Uemura, T., Ohta, Y., Nakao, Y., Manaka, T., Nakamura, H., Takaoka, K. (2010). Epinephrine accelerates osteoblastic differentiation by enhancing bone morphogenetic protein signaling through a cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway. Bone, 47, 756-765.
[10] Imai, S., & Matsusue, Y. (2002). Neuronal regulation of bone metabolism and anabolism: calcitonin gene-related peptide-, substance P-, and tyrosine hydroxylase-containing nerves and the bone. Microscopy research and technique, 58 (2), 61-69.
[11] Mauprivez, C., Bataille, C., Baroukh, B., Llorens, A., Lesieur, J., Marie, P. J., Saffar, J. L., Biosse Duplan, M., & Cherruau, M. (2015). Periosteum Metabolism and Nerve Fiber Positioning Depend on Interactions between Osteoblasts and Peripheral Innervation in Rat Mandible. PLoS one, 10 (10), e0140848.
[12] Obata, K., Furuno, T., Nakanishi, M., & Togari, A. (2007). Direct neurite-osteoblastic cell communication, as demonstrated by use of an in vitro co-culture system. FEBS letters, 581 (30), 5917-5922.
[13] Asada, K., Obata, K., Horiguchi, K., & Takaki, M. (2012). Age-related changes in afferent responses in sensory neurons to mechanical stimulation of osteoblasts in coculture system. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 302 (5), C757-765.
[14] Okubo, M., Ito, K., Yamazaki, F., Mizuno, Y., Isozaki, Y., Asoda, S., Usui, M., & Sato, T. (2022). Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells Promotes Differentiation of Both Cell Types. In vivo, 36 (4), 1608-1614.
[15] Sayilekshmy, M., Hansen, R. B., Delaissé, J. M., Rolighed, L., Andersen, T. L., & Heegaard, A. M. (2019). Innervation is higher above Bone Remodeling Surfaces and in Cortical Pores in Human Bone: Lessons from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Scientific Reports, 9, 5361.
[16] Zhao, J. C., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Y., & Shen, Y. F. (2012). The differential regulation of Gap43 gene in the neuronal differentiation of P19 cells. Journal of cellular physiology, 227 (6), 2645-2653.
[17] D'Arcangelo, G. (2005). The reeler mouse: anatomy of a mutant. International review of neurobiology, 71, 383-417.
[18] Jensen, P. L. (2000). Eph receptors and ephrins. Stem cells, 18 (1), 63-64.
[19] Ashton, R. S., Conway, A., Pangarkar, C., Bergen, J., Lim, K. I., Shah, P., Bissell, M., & Schaffer, D. V. (2012). Astrocytes regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis through ephrin-B signaling. Nature neuroscience, 15 (10), 1399-1406.
[20] Piffko, A., Uhl, C., Vajkoczy, P., Czabanka, M., Broggini, T. (2022). EphrinB2-EphB4 Signaling in Neurooncological Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23 (3), 1679.
[21] Robinson, M., Parsons Perez, M. C., Tébar, L., Palmer, J., Patel, A., Marks, D., Sheasby, A., De Felipe, C., Coffin, R., Livesey, F. J., & Hunt, S. P. (2004). FLRT3 is expressed in sensory neurons after peripheral nerve injury and regulates neurite outgrowth. Molecular and cellular neurosciences, 27 (2), 202-214.
[22] Stains, J. P., Lecanda, F., Screen, J., Towler, D. A., & Civitelli, R. (2003). Gap junctional communication modulates gene transcription by altering the recruitment of Sp1 and Sp3 to connexin-response elements in osteoblast promoters. Journal of biological chemistry, 278 (27), 24377-24387.
[23] Liu, D. D., Zhang, C. Y., Liu, Y., Li, J., Wang, Y. X., & Zheng, S. G. (2022). RUNX2 Regulates Osteoblast Differentiation via the BMP4 Signaling Pathway. Journal of dental research, 101 (10), 1227-1237.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Masahiko Okubo, Tsuyoshi Sato. (2023). Upregulated Genes in Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 8(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Masahiko Okubo; Tsuyoshi Sato. Upregulated Genes in Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2023, 8(1), 1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Masahiko Okubo, Tsuyoshi Sato. Upregulated Genes in Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells. Biochem Mol Biol. 2023;8(1):1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11,
      author = {Masahiko Okubo and Tsuyoshi Sato},
      title = {Upregulated Genes in Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells},
      journal = {Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-4},
      doi = {10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bmb.20230801.11},
      abstract = {Many works have been done on the interaction between neurons and osteoblasts. However, the cells used in our previous study were derived from mouse and rat, and it is impossible to exclude the possibility of cross-reactivity of the mouse and rat probes Osteoblasts cell line labeled with red fluorescent protein and sympathetic neuronal cell line labeled with green fluorescent protein were generated. A DNA microarray analysis was conducted by using these cell line in co-culture system. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “axon” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Eight genes, i.e., neuropilin 1, growth associated protein 43, dopamine receptor D2, plexin A2, disabled 1, ephrin receptor A7, ephrin B2, and fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 3 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of osteoblasts were upregulated in contact co-culture with sympathetic neuronal cells. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “osteoblast” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Four genes, i.e., gap junction protein, alpha 1, collagen, type VI, alpha 1 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of neurons were upregulated in co-culture with osteoblasts. These molecules may be candidates for factors that promote osteoblast differentiation and neural differentiation.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Upregulated Genes in Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells
    AU  - Masahiko Okubo
    AU  - Tsuyoshi Sato
    Y1  - 2023/03/04
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11
    T2  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    JF  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    JO  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 4
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-5048
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.11
    AB  - Many works have been done on the interaction between neurons and osteoblasts. However, the cells used in our previous study were derived from mouse and rat, and it is impossible to exclude the possibility of cross-reactivity of the mouse and rat probes Osteoblasts cell line labeled with red fluorescent protein and sympathetic neuronal cell line labeled with green fluorescent protein were generated. A DNA microarray analysis was conducted by using these cell line in co-culture system. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “axon” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Eight genes, i.e., neuropilin 1, growth associated protein 43, dopamine receptor D2, plexin A2, disabled 1, ephrin receptor A7, ephrin B2, and fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 3 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of osteoblasts were upregulated in contact co-culture with sympathetic neuronal cells. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “osteoblast” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Four genes, i.e., gap junction protein, alpha 1, collagen, type VI, alpha 1 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of neurons were upregulated in co-culture with osteoblasts. These molecules may be candidates for factors that promote osteoblast differentiation and neural differentiation.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan

  • Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan

  • Sections