Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal

Sanjay Rijal; Rajendra Budha Chhetri; Naveen Paudyal

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12

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Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal

Sanjay Rijal, Rajendra Budha Chhetri, Naveen Paudyal

Published in Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 20 February 2022 Accepted: 15 April 2022 Published: 22 April 2022

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Abstract

Not much is known about the correlates of inflammation among pre-school children and women of reproductive age in Nepal. This study assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with increased levels of inflammation in Nepalese children and women of reproductive age. We analysed data from 3159 participants (1709 children aged 6-59 months, 1243 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years and 207 pregnant women aged 15-49 years) from the 2016 Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey (NNMSS), a population-based and nationally representative sample conducted by the Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, with support from UNICEF. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate associations between predictors and continuous high-sensitivity inflammation among the various participants. Increased inflammation levels were significantly associated with children from the Province 7, children who contracted fever and cough, and children from households with no water treatment habit. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with non-pregnant women from the Dalit caste, pregnant women who had a cough, and non-pregnant women who had high dietary diversity. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with pregnant women from rich households, pregnant women who had a cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households. Interventions to address the burden of inflammation in Nepal should target individuals who contracted illnesses such as fever and cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households.

Published in	Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12
Page(s)	70-81
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Inflammation, Children, Pregnant, Women, Nepal

References

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APA Style

Sanjay Rijal, Rajendra Budha Chhetri, Naveen Paudyal. (2022). Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 8(2), 70-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12

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ACS Style

Sanjay Rijal; Rajendra Budha Chhetri; Naveen Paudyal. Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal. J. Health Environ. Res. 2022, 8(2), 70-81. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12

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AMA Style

Sanjay Rijal, Rajendra Budha Chhetri, Naveen Paudyal. Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal. J Health Environ Res. 2022;8(2):70-81. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12,
  author = {Sanjay Rijal and Rajendra Budha Chhetri and Naveen Paudyal},
  title = {Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {70-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20220802.12},
  abstract = {Not much is known about the correlates of inflammation among pre-school children and women of reproductive age in Nepal. This study assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with increased levels of inflammation in Nepalese children and women of reproductive age. We analysed data from 3159 participants (1709 children aged 6-59 months, 1243 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years and 207 pregnant women aged 15-49 years) from the 2016 Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey (NNMSS), a population-based and nationally representative sample conducted by the Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, with support from UNICEF. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate associations between predictors and continuous high-sensitivity inflammation among the various participants. Increased inflammation levels were significantly associated with children from the Province 7, children who contracted fever and cough, and children from households with no water treatment habit. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with non-pregnant women from the Dalit caste, pregnant women who had a cough, and non-pregnant women who had high dietary diversity. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with pregnant women from rich households, pregnant women who had a cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households. Interventions to address the burden of inflammation in Nepal should target individuals who contracted illnesses such as fever and cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal
AU  - Sanjay Rijal
AU  - Rajendra Budha Chhetri
AU  - Naveen Paudyal
Y1  - 2022/04/22
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 70
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12
AB  - Not much is known about the correlates of inflammation among pre-school children and women of reproductive age in Nepal. This study assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with increased levels of inflammation in Nepalese children and women of reproductive age. We analysed data from 3159 participants (1709 children aged 6-59 months, 1243 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years and 207 pregnant women aged 15-49 years) from the 2016 Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey (NNMSS), a population-based and nationally representative sample conducted by the Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, with support from UNICEF. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate associations between predictors and continuous high-sensitivity inflammation among the various participants. Increased inflammation levels were significantly associated with children from the Province 7, children who contracted fever and cough, and children from households with no water treatment habit. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with non-pregnant women from the Dalit caste, pregnant women who had a cough, and non-pregnant women who had high dietary diversity. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with pregnant women from rich households, pregnant women who had a cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households. Interventions to address the burden of inflammation in Nepal should target individuals who contracted illnesses such as fever and cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Sanjay Rijal

Nutrition Section, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Kathmandu, Nepal
Rajendra Budha Chhetri

Department of Public Health, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal
Naveen Paudyal

Nutrition Section, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Kathmandu, Nepal

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APA Style

Sanjay Rijal, Rajendra Budha Chhetri, Naveen Paudyal. (2022). Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 8(2), 70-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12

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ACS Style

Sanjay Rijal; Rajendra Budha Chhetri; Naveen Paudyal. Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal. J. Health Environ. Res. 2022, 8(2), 70-81. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12

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AMA Style

Sanjay Rijal, Rajendra Budha Chhetri, Naveen Paudyal. Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal. J Health Environ Res. 2022;8(2):70-81. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12,
  author = {Sanjay Rijal and Rajendra Budha Chhetri and Naveen Paudyal},
  title = {Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {70-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20220802.12},
  abstract = {Not much is known about the correlates of inflammation among pre-school children and women of reproductive age in Nepal. This study assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with increased levels of inflammation in Nepalese children and women of reproductive age. We analysed data from 3159 participants (1709 children aged 6-59 months, 1243 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years and 207 pregnant women aged 15-49 years) from the 2016 Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey (NNMSS), a population-based and nationally representative sample conducted by the Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, with support from UNICEF. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate associations between predictors and continuous high-sensitivity inflammation among the various participants. Increased inflammation levels were significantly associated with children from the Province 7, children who contracted fever and cough, and children from households with no water treatment habit. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with non-pregnant women from the Dalit caste, pregnant women who had a cough, and non-pregnant women who had high dietary diversity. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with pregnant women from rich households, pregnant women who had a cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households. Interventions to address the burden of inflammation in Nepal should target individuals who contracted illnesses such as fever and cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Associated with Inflammation in Preschool Children and Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal
AU  - Sanjay Rijal
AU  - Rajendra Budha Chhetri
AU  - Naveen Paudyal
Y1  - 2022/04/22
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 70
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20220802.12
AB  - Not much is known about the correlates of inflammation among pre-school children and women of reproductive age in Nepal. This study assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with increased levels of inflammation in Nepalese children and women of reproductive age. We analysed data from 3159 participants (1709 children aged 6-59 months, 1243 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years and 207 pregnant women aged 15-49 years) from the 2016 Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey (NNMSS), a population-based and nationally representative sample conducted by the Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, with support from UNICEF. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate associations between predictors and continuous high-sensitivity inflammation among the various participants. Increased inflammation levels were significantly associated with children from the Province 7, children who contracted fever and cough, and children from households with no water treatment habit. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with non-pregnant women from the Dalit caste, pregnant women who had a cough, and non-pregnant women who had high dietary diversity. Increased levels of inflammation were significantly associated with pregnant women from rich households, pregnant women who had a cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households. Interventions to address the burden of inflammation in Nepal should target individuals who contracted illnesses such as fever and cough and pregnant women from severely food insecure households.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download