Response of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

Mohammed Kedir; Gebreslassie Hailu; Bikila Takala

doi:doi:10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12

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Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

Mohammed Kedir, Gebreslassie Hailu, Bikila Takala

Published in Modern Chemistry (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 8 May 2023 Accepted: 19 June 2023 Published: 6 July 2023

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Abstract

Soil fertility is one of the major production constraints in Ethiopia. The deficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is the main factor that severely reduces the yield of sorghum. As a result, a field experiment was carried out at Omo Nada in 2015/2016 during the cropping season to evaluate the response of various levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer using sorghum. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four rates each of N (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg N ha^-1) and P (0, 11.5, 23, and 34.5 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅) laid down in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. For data analysis, the correlation coefficient and ANOVA were used. The result showed that the yield and yield components of the sorghum crop were a highly significant response to the impacts of inorganic N-P fertilizer nutrients. Parameters such as plant height, head weight, grain yield, biomass yield, stover yield, and harvest index were statistically significantly different for nitrogen and phosphorus at different fertilizer rates. In addition, highly significant and positive correlations of grain yield with yield components were observed, especially for plant height (r=0.57**), head weight (r=0.85***), biomass yield (r=0.89***), and stover yield (r=0.75***). This result revealed that the maximum value of grain yield (3916.7 kg ha^-1) was obtained from 69/11.5 kg ha^-1 NP fertilizer, while the minimum value of grain yield (2286.2 kg ha^-1) was obtained from the control. Compared to the control treatment, the highest rate of N/P (69/11.5 kg ha^-1) increased sorghum grain yield by nearly 71.32%. It is concluded that nitrogen and phosphorus at the rates of 69 kg ha^-1 N and 11.5 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅ have the best performance in obtaining the maximum grain yield of the sorghum crop. Therefore, the application of 69/11.5 N P kg ha^-1 fertilizer rate was recommended for better sorghum production and economic return in Nitisols of Omo Nada district southwestern Ethiopia.

Published in	Modern Chemistry (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12
Page(s)	49-54
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Fertilizer, Grain Yield, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sorghum, Response, Rate

References

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[9]	Gebreslassie Hailu, Mohammed Kedir. Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates on Yield and Yield Components Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) at Kersa Woreda of Oromia Region. International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2022, pp. 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20220701.14.
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[14]	Olanite, J. A., Anele, U. Y., Arigbede, O. M., Jolaosho, A. O. and Onifade, O. S. (2010). Effect of plant spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on the growth, dry-matter yield and nutritive quality of columbus grass (Sorghum Almum Stapf) In Southwest Nigeria. Grass Forage Science, 65 (4): 369 375.
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Mohammed Kedir, Gebreslassie Hailu, Bikila Takala. (2023). Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Modern Chemistry, 11(2), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12

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ACS Style

Mohammed Kedir; Gebreslassie Hailu; Bikila Takala. Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Mod. Chem. 2023, 11(2), 49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12

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AMA Style

Mohammed Kedir, Gebreslassie Hailu, Bikila Takala. Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Mod Chem. 2023;11(2):49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12

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@article{10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12,
  author = {Mohammed Kedir and Gebreslassie Hailu and Bikila Takala},
  title = {Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {49-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20231102.12},
  abstract = {Soil fertility is one of the major production constraints in Ethiopia. The deficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is the main factor that severely reduces the yield of sorghum. As a result, a field experiment was carried out at Omo Nada in 2015/2016 during the cropping season to evaluate the response of various levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer using sorghum. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four rates each of N (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg N ha-1) and P (0, 11.5, 23, and 34.5 kg ha-1 P2O5) laid down in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. For data analysis, the correlation coefficient and ANOVA were used. The result showed that the yield and yield components of the sorghum crop were a highly significant response to the impacts of inorganic N-P fertilizer nutrients. Parameters such as plant height, head weight, grain yield, biomass yield, stover yield, and harvest index were statistically significantly different for nitrogen and phosphorus at different fertilizer rates. In addition, highly significant and positive correlations of grain yield with yield components were observed, especially for plant height (r=0.57**), head weight (r=0.85***), biomass yield (r=0.89***), and stover yield (r=0.75***). This result revealed that the maximum value of grain yield (3916.7 kg ha-1) was obtained from 69/11.5 kg ha-1 NP fertilizer, while the minimum value of grain yield (2286.2 kg ha-1) was obtained from the control. Compared to the control treatment, the highest rate of N/P (69/11.5 kg ha-1) increased sorghum grain yield by nearly 71.32%. It is concluded that nitrogen and phosphorus at the rates of 69 kg ha-1 N and 11.5 kg ha-1 P2O5 have the best performance in obtaining the maximum grain yield of the sorghum crop. Therefore, the application of 69/11.5 N P kg ha-1 fertilizer rate was recommended for better sorghum production and economic return in Nitisols of Omo Nada district southwestern Ethiopia.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
AU - Mohammed Kedir
AU - Gebreslassie Hailu
AU - Bikila Takala
Y1 - 2023/07/06
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12
DO - 10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12
T2 - Modern Chemistry
JF - Modern Chemistry
JO - Modern Chemistry
SP - 49
EP - 54
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2329-180X
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12
AB - Soil fertility is one of the major production constraints in Ethiopia. The deficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is the main factor that severely reduces the yield of sorghum. As a result, a field experiment was carried out at Omo Nada in 2015/2016 during the cropping season to evaluate the response of various levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer using sorghum. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four rates each of N (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg N ha-1) and P (0, 11.5, 23, and 34.5 kg ha-1 P2O5) laid down in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. For data analysis, the correlation coefficient and ANOVA were used. The result showed that the yield and yield components of the sorghum crop were a highly significant response to the impacts of inorganic N-P fertilizer nutrients. Parameters such as plant height, head weight, grain yield, biomass yield, stover yield, and harvest index were statistically significantly different for nitrogen and phosphorus at different fertilizer rates. In addition, highly significant and positive correlations of grain yield with yield components were observed, especially for plant height (r=0.57**), head weight (r=0.85***), biomass yield (r=0.89***), and stover yield (r=0.75***). This result revealed that the maximum value of grain yield (3916.7 kg ha-1) was obtained from 69/11.5 kg ha-1 NP fertilizer, while the minimum value of grain yield (2286.2 kg ha-1) was obtained from the control. Compared to the control treatment, the highest rate of N/P (69/11.5 kg ha-1) increased sorghum grain yield by nearly 71.32%. It is concluded that nitrogen and phosphorus at the rates of 69 kg ha-1 N and 11.5 kg ha-1 P2O5 have the best performance in obtaining the maximum grain yield of the sorghum crop. Therefore, the application of 69/11.5 N P kg ha-1 fertilizer rate was recommended for better sorghum production and economic return in Nitisols of Omo Nada district southwestern Ethiopia.
VL - 11
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Mohammed Kedir

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia
Gebreslassie Hailu

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia
Bikila Takala

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

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Mohammed Kedir, Gebreslassie Hailu, Bikila Takala. (2023). Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Modern Chemistry, 11(2), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12

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ACS Style

Mohammed Kedir; Gebreslassie Hailu; Bikila Takala. Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Mod. Chem. 2023, 11(2), 49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12

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AMA Style

Mohammed Kedir, Gebreslassie Hailu, Bikila Takala. Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Mod Chem. 2023;11(2):49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12

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@article{10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12,
  author = {Mohammed Kedir and Gebreslassie Hailu and Bikila Takala},
  title = {Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Omo Nada District of Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {49-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20231102.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20231102.12},
  abstract = {Soil fertility is one of the major production constraints in Ethiopia. The deficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is the main factor that severely reduces the yield of sorghum. As a result, a field experiment was carried out at Omo Nada in 2015/2016 during the cropping season to evaluate the response of various levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer using sorghum. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four rates each of N (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg N ha-1) and P (0, 11.5, 23, and 34.5 kg ha-1 P2O5) laid down in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. For data analysis, the correlation coefficient and ANOVA were used. The result showed that the yield and yield components of the sorghum crop were a highly significant response to the impacts of inorganic N-P fertilizer nutrients. Parameters such as plant height, head weight, grain yield, biomass yield, stover yield, and harvest index were statistically significantly different for nitrogen and phosphorus at different fertilizer rates. In addition, highly significant and positive correlations of grain yield with yield components were observed, especially for plant height (r=0.57**), head weight (r=0.85***), biomass yield (r=0.89***), and stover yield (r=0.75***). This result revealed that the maximum value of grain yield (3916.7 kg ha-1) was obtained from 69/11.5 kg ha-1 NP fertilizer, while the minimum value of grain yield (2286.2 kg ha-1) was obtained from the control. Compared to the control treatment, the highest rate of N/P (69/11.5 kg ha-1) increased sorghum grain yield by nearly 71.32%. It is concluded that nitrogen and phosphorus at the rates of 69 kg ha-1 N and 11.5 kg ha-1 P2O5 have the best performance in obtaining the maximum grain yield of the sorghum crop. Therefore, the application of 69/11.5 N P kg ha-1 fertilizer rate was recommended for better sorghum production and economic return in Nitisols of Omo Nada district southwestern Ethiopia.},
 year = {2023}
}

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