Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia

Legese Lemma Zeme; Lidya Woldemariam; Bekele Gutema; Lemlem Kebede; Chala Diriba; Fekede Habtu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14

| Peer-Reviewed

Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia

Legese Lemma Zeme, Lidya Woldemariam, Bekele Gutema, Lemlem Kebede, Chala Diriba, Fekede Habtu

Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 10, Issue 5)

Received: 6 September 2022 Accepted: 5 October 2022 Published: 28 October 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Anemia is associated with adverse health and socio-economic consequences among pregnant women. Particularly, severe anemia increases the risk of maternal mortality by 20%. In developing countries, like Ethiopia where anemia is common, determining the magnitude and identifying factors that are associated with anemia is necessary to control it. Therefore: this study aimed to determine Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted among 341 pregnant women attending public health centers at Adama town by using systematic random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential associated factors for Anemia were collected by structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Blood sample were collected with capillary tube for Hematocrit determination to determine the level of anemia and malaria parasite and about 2 gram of stool sample was collected to identify presence of a parasite. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. To identify determinants of anemia, binary and multiple logistic regression models were used. In final fitted regression model a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare significance of association. Result: A total of 341 pregnant women were enrolled in this study making response rate 100%. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 27.6% (95% CI; 22.9-32.6). Factors like average monthly income within 1501 – 2500 Eth. Birr [AOR]: 4.7 (1.7, 12.94)], History of menstrual bleeding [AOR]: 5.95 (1.7, 20.7), did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation [AOR]: 10.9 (3.6, 33.19)], MUAC were less than 23 cm [AOR]: 27.3 (9.9, 75.27)] and HIV infected pregnant women [AOR]: 23.9 (4.5, 127.9)] had significant association with anemia. Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of anemia existed as a moderate public health concern. Among several possible factors: History of menstrual bleeding, did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation, MUAC were less than 23 cm and HIV infected pregnant women had significant association with Anemia. Thus, maternal iron supplementation coverage are essential to mitigate the high burden of anemia. In addition, nutritional counseling and education on the consumption of extra meals and iron-rich foods should be intensified.

Published in	Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 10, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14
Page(s)	223-233
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anemia, Pregnant Women, Hematocrit Determination, Adama, Ethiopia

References

[1]	B. A. Tibambuya, J. K. Ganle, and M. Ibrahim, “Anaemia at antenatal care initiation and associated factors among pregnant women in West Gonja District, Ghana: a cross-sectional study,” Pan Afr. Med. J., vol. 33, 2019, doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.325.17924.
[2]	G. Obai, P. Odongo, and R. Wanyama, “Prevalence of anaemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Gulu and Hoima Regional Hospitals in Uganda: A cross sectional study,” BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 76, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.1186/s12884-016-0865-4.
[3]	T. A. Gudeta, T. M. Regassa, and A. S. Belay, “Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Bench Maji, Keffa and Sheka zones of public hospitals, Southwest, Ethiopia, 2018: A cross -sectional study,” PLOS ONE, vol. 14, no. 11, p. e0225148, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225148.
[4]	A. Gebreweld and A. Tsegaye, “Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,” Adv. Hematol., vol. 2018, pp. 1–8, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.1155/2018/3942301.
[5]	O. A. Olatunbosun, A. M. Abasiattai, E. A. Bassey, R. S. James, G. Ibanga, and A. Morgan, “Prevalence of Anaemia among Pregnant Women at Booking in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria,” BioMed Res. Int., vol. 2014, pp. 1–8, 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/849080.
[6]	W. Getahun, T. Belachew, and A. D. Wolide, “Burden and associated factors of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in southern Ethiopia: cross sectional study,” BMC Res. Notes, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 276, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2605-x.
[7]	B. D. Tulu, E. M. Atomssa, and H. M. Mengist, “Determinants of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Horo Guduru Wollega Zone, West Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study,” PLOS ONE, vol. 14, no. 10, p. e0224514, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224514.
[8]	D. Argaw, R. Hussen Kabthymer, and M. Birhane, “Magnitude of Anemia and Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study,” J. Blood Med., vol. Volume 11, pp. 335–344, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.2147/JBM.S264369.
[9]	M. Getachew, D. Yewhalaw, K. Tafess, Y. Getachew, and A. Zeynudin, “Anaemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Gilgel Gibe dam area, Southwest Ethiopia,” Parasit. Vectors, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 296, 2012, doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-296.
[10]	D. S. Umuro, Y. L. Asres, and G. M. Muluneh, “Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at st. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, July, 2019,” In Review, preprint, Aug. 2019. doi: 10.21203/rs.2.13046/v1.
[11]	H. A. Chowdhury, K. R. Ahmed, F. Jebunessa, J. Akter, S. Hossain, and Md. Shahjahan, “Factors associated with maternal anaemia among pregnant women in Dhaka city,” BMC Womens Health, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 77, Dec. 2015, doi: 10.1186/s12905-015-0234-x.
[12]	M. A. Ayoya, M. A. Bendech, N. M. Zagré, and F. Tchibindat, “Maternal anaemia in West and Central Africa: time for urgent action,” Public Health Nutr., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 916–927, May 2012, doi: 10.1017/S1368980011002424.
[13]	K. Addis Alene and A. Mohamed Dohe, “Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in an Urban Area of Eastern Ethiopia,” Anemia, vol. 2014, pp. 1–7, 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/561567.
[14]	N. Baig-Ansari et al., “Anemia Prevalence and Risk Factors in Pregnant Women in an Urban Area of Pakistan,” Food Nutr. Bull., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 132–139, Jun. 2008, doi: 10.1177/156482650802900207.
[15]	H. Mihiretie and M. F. Anane Mitiku, “Magnitude of Anemia and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Nekemte Health Center, Nekemte, Ethiopia,” J. Med. Microbiol. Diagn., vol. 04, no. 03, 2015, doi: 10.4172/2161-0703.1000197.
[16]	B. Zekarias, A. Meleko, A. Hayder, A. Nigatu, and T. Yetagessu, “Prevalence of Anemia and its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care (ANC) In Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital, South West Ethiopia,” Health Sci. J., vol. 11, no. 5, 2017, doi: 10.21767/1791-809X.1000529.
[17]	M. Lebso, A. Anato, and E. Loha, “Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study,” PLOS ONE, vol. 12, no. 12, p. e0188783, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188783.
[18]	A. Bekele, M. Tilahun, and A. Mekuria, “Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Health Institutions of Arba Minch Town, Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study,” Anemia, vol. 2016, pp. 1–9, 2016, doi: 10.1155/2016/1073192.
[19]	B. Berhe et al., “Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Adigrat General Hospital, Tigrai, northern Ethiopia, 2018,” BMC Res. Notes, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 310, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4347-4.
[20]	E. Mohammed, “Magnitude of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Visiting Public Health Institutions for Antenatal Care Services in Adama Town, Ethiopia,” Cent. Afr. J. Public Health, vol. 4, no. 5, p. 149, 2018, doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20180405.14.
[21]	A. Wemakor, “Prevalence and determinants of anaemia in pregnant women receiving antenatal care at a tertiary referral hospital in Northern Ghana,” BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 495, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2644-5.
[22]	F. Kefiyalew, E. Zemene, Y. Asres, and L. Gedefaw, “Anemia among pregnant women in Southeast Ethiopia: prevalence, severity and associated risk factors,” BMC Res. Notes, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 771, 2014, doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-771.
[23]	N. Rai, S. Nandeshwar, and P. Rai, “A study on magnitude of anaemia and its socio-demographic correlates among pregnant women in Sagar city of Bundelkhand Region, Madhya Pradesh, India,” Int. J. Community Med. Public Health, pp. 128–132, 2016, doi: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20151511.
[24]	B. Tandu-Umba and A. M. Mbangama, “Association of maternal anemia with other risk factors in occurrence of Great obstetrical syndromes at university clinics, Kinshasa, DR Congo,” BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 183, Dec. 2015, doi: 10.1186/s12884-015-0623-z.
[25]	I. Adam, A. H. Khamis, and M. I. Elbashir, “Prevalence and risk factors for anaemia in pregnant women of eastern Sudan,” Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., vol. 99, no. 10, pp. 739–743, Oct. 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.02.008.
[26]	A. Gebre and A. Mulugeta, “Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in North Western Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study,” J. Nutr. Metab., vol. 2015, pp. 1–7, 2015, doi: 10.1155/2015/165430.
[27]	N. Obse, A. Mossie, and T. Gobena, “MAGNITUDE OF ANEMIA AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE IN SHALLA WOREDA, WEST ARSI ZONE, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA,” vol. 23, no. 2, p. 9, 2013.
[28]	G. Stephen, M. Mgongo, T. Hussein Hashim, J. Katanga, B. Stray-Pedersen, and S. E. Msuya, “Anaemia in Pregnancy: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Northern Tanzania,” Anemia, vol. 2018, pp. 1–9, 2018, doi: 10.1155/2018/1846280.
[29]	T. Grum, E. Brhane, S. Hintsa, and G. Kahsay, “Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health centers in central zone of Tigray region, northern Ethiopia: a cross sectional study,” BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol. 18, no. 1, p. 433, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1186/s12884-018-2063-z.
[30]	K. T. Kitila, B. L. Tulu, D. G. Bedaso, D. T. Negwo, and M. N. Gemeda, “Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Selected Health Centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,” J. Womens Health Care, vol. 07, no. 04, 2018, doi: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000443.
[31]	O. Nankinga and D. Aguta, “Determinants of Anemia among women in Uganda: further analysis of the Uganda demographic and health surveys,” BMC Public Health, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 1757, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-8114-1.
[32]	T. Derso, Z. Abera, and A. Tariku, “Magnitude and associated factors of anemia among pregnant women in Dera District: a cross-sectional study in northwest Ethiopia,” BMC Res. Notes, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 359, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2690-x.
[33]	F. Asrie, “Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Aymiba Health Center, northwest Ethiopia,” J. Blood Med., vol. Volume 8, pp. 35–40, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.2147/JBM.S134932.
[34]	H. Gedamu, “Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Pregnant Women’s Attending Antenatal care service in Bahir Dar City Public Health Institution, North West Ethiopia, 2019,” p. 5, 2020.
[35]	X. Xu et al., “Prevalence and Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Determinants of Anemia during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study of Pregnant Women in China,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health, vol. 13, no. 9, p. 908, Sep. 2016, doi: 10.3390/ijerph13090908.
[36]	A. Kebede, H. Gerensea, F. Amare, Y. Tesfay, and G. Teklay, “The magnitude of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women attending public institutions of Shire Town, Shire, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2018,” BMC Res. Notes, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 595, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1186/s13104-018-3706-x.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Legese Lemma Zeme, Lidya Woldemariam, Bekele Gutema, Lemlem Kebede, Chala Diriba, et al. (2022). Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health, 10(5), 223-233. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Legese Lemma Zeme; Lidya Woldemariam; Bekele Gutema; Lemlem Kebede; Chala Diriba, et al. Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia. Sci. J. Public Health 2022, 10(5), 223-233. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Legese Lemma Zeme, Lidya Woldemariam, Bekele Gutema, Lemlem Kebede, Chala Diriba, et al. Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2022;10(5):223-233. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14,
  author = {Legese Lemma Zeme and Lidya Woldemariam and Bekele Gutema and Lemlem Kebede and Chala Diriba and Fekede Habtu},
  title = {Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {223-233},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20221005.14},
  abstract = {Anemia is associated with adverse health and socio-economic consequences among pregnant women. Particularly, severe anemia increases the risk of maternal mortality by 20%. In developing countries, like Ethiopia where anemia is common, determining the magnitude and identifying factors that are associated with anemia is necessary to control it. Therefore: this study aimed to determine Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted among 341 pregnant women attending public health centers at Adama town by using systematic random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential associated factors for Anemia were collected by structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Blood sample were collected with capillary tube for Hematocrit determination to determine the level of anemia and malaria parasite and about 2 gram of stool sample was collected to identify presence of a parasite. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. To identify determinants of anemia, binary and multiple logistic regression models were used. In final fitted regression model a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare significance of association. Result: A total of 341 pregnant women were enrolled in this study making response rate 100%. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 27.6% (95% CI; 22.9-32.6). Factors like average monthly income within 1501 – 2500 Eth. Birr [AOR]: 4.7 (1.7, 12.94)], History of menstrual bleeding [AOR]: 5.95 (1.7, 20.7), did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation [AOR]: 10.9 (3.6, 33.19)], MUAC were less than 23 cm [AOR]: 27.3 (9.9, 75.27)] and HIV infected pregnant women [AOR]: 23.9 (4.5, 127.9)] had significant association with anemia. Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of anemia existed as a moderate public health concern. Among several possible factors: History of menstrual bleeding, did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation, MUAC were less than 23 cm and HIV infected pregnant women had significant association with Anemia. Thus, maternal iron supplementation coverage are essential to mitigate the high burden of anemia. In addition, nutritional counseling and education on the consumption of extra meals and iron-rich foods should be intensified.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia
AU - Legese Lemma Zeme
AU - Lidya Woldemariam
AU - Bekele Gutema
AU - Lemlem Kebede
AU - Chala Diriba
AU - Fekede Habtu
Y1 - 2022/10/28
PY - 2022
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14
DO - 10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14
T2 - Science Journal of Public Health
JF - Science Journal of Public Health
JO - Science Journal of Public Health
SP - 223
EP - 233
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-7950
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14
AB - Anemia is associated with adverse health and socio-economic consequences among pregnant women. Particularly, severe anemia increases the risk of maternal mortality by 20%. In developing countries, like Ethiopia where anemia is common, determining the magnitude and identifying factors that are associated with anemia is necessary to control it. Therefore: this study aimed to determine Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted among 341 pregnant women attending public health centers at Adama town by using systematic random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential associated factors for Anemia were collected by structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Blood sample were collected with capillary tube for Hematocrit determination to determine the level of anemia and malaria parasite and about 2 gram of stool sample was collected to identify presence of a parasite. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. To identify determinants of anemia, binary and multiple logistic regression models were used. In final fitted regression model a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare significance of association. Result: A total of 341 pregnant women were enrolled in this study making response rate 100%. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 27.6% (95% CI; 22.9-32.6). Factors like average monthly income within 1501 – 2500 Eth. Birr [AOR]: 4.7 (1.7, 12.94)], History of menstrual bleeding [AOR]: 5.95 (1.7, 20.7), did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation [AOR]: 10.9 (3.6, 33.19)], MUAC were less than 23 cm [AOR]: 27.3 (9.9, 75.27)] and HIV infected pregnant women [AOR]: 23.9 (4.5, 127.9)] had significant association with anemia. Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of anemia existed as a moderate public health concern. Among several possible factors: History of menstrual bleeding, did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation, MUAC were less than 23 cm and HIV infected pregnant women had significant association with Anemia. Thus, maternal iron supplementation coverage are essential to mitigate the high burden of anemia. In addition, nutritional counseling and education on the consumption of extra meals and iron-rich foods should be intensified.
VL - 10
IS - 5
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Legese Lemma Zeme

Department of Medical Laboratory, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
Lidya Woldemariam

Department of Medical Laboratory, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
Bekele Gutema

Department of Medical Laboratory, Arsi University, Asela, Ethiopia
Lemlem Kebede

Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Office, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
Chala Diriba

Department of Higher Health Center, Adama Science & Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
Fekede Habtu

Department of Higher Health Center, Adama Science & Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Legese Lemma Zeme, Lidya Woldemariam, Bekele Gutema, Lemlem Kebede, Chala Diriba, et al. (2022). Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health, 10(5), 223-233. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Legese Lemma Zeme; Lidya Woldemariam; Bekele Gutema; Lemlem Kebede; Chala Diriba, et al. Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia. Sci. J. Public Health 2022, 10(5), 223-233. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Legese Lemma Zeme, Lidya Woldemariam, Bekele Gutema, Lemlem Kebede, Chala Diriba, et al. Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2022;10(5):223-233. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14,
  author = {Legese Lemma Zeme and Lidya Woldemariam and Bekele Gutema and Lemlem Kebede and Chala Diriba and Fekede Habtu},
  title = {Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {223-233},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20221005.14},
  abstract = {Anemia is associated with adverse health and socio-economic consequences among pregnant women. Particularly, severe anemia increases the risk of maternal mortality by 20%. In developing countries, like Ethiopia where anemia is common, determining the magnitude and identifying factors that are associated with anemia is necessary to control it. Therefore: this study aimed to determine Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted among 341 pregnant women attending public health centers at Adama town by using systematic random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential associated factors for Anemia were collected by structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Blood sample were collected with capillary tube for Hematocrit determination to determine the level of anemia and malaria parasite and about 2 gram of stool sample was collected to identify presence of a parasite. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. To identify determinants of anemia, binary and multiple logistic regression models were used. In final fitted regression model a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare significance of association. Result: A total of 341 pregnant women were enrolled in this study making response rate 100%. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 27.6% (95% CI; 22.9-32.6). Factors like average monthly income within 1501 – 2500 Eth. Birr [AOR]: 4.7 (1.7, 12.94)], History of menstrual bleeding [AOR]: 5.95 (1.7, 20.7), did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation [AOR]: 10.9 (3.6, 33.19)], MUAC were less than 23 cm [AOR]: 27.3 (9.9, 75.27)] and HIV infected pregnant women [AOR]: 23.9 (4.5, 127.9)] had significant association with anemia. Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of anemia existed as a moderate public health concern. Among several possible factors: History of menstrual bleeding, did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation, MUAC were less than 23 cm and HIV infected pregnant women had significant association with Anemia. Thus, maternal iron supplementation coverage are essential to mitigate the high burden of anemia. In addition, nutritional counseling and education on the consumption of extra meals and iron-rich foods should be intensified.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download