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Occupational Physical Injuries and Associated Factors Among Workers of Bishoftu Automotive Industry, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
Naol Hunduma Tolera,
Dufera Rikitu Terefa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
1-9
Received:
5 December 2021
Accepted:
23 December 2021
Published:
17 January 2022
Abstract: Background: Occupational injury is an unintentional personal physical injury resulting from occupational accidents. It is a major public health problem resulting in serious social and economic consequences that could potentially be prevented. However, evidence on occupational physical injury among automotive industry workers in the country; particularly in the study area was scanty. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of occupational physical injuries and associated factors among workers of the Bishoftu automotive industry, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the prevalence of occupational physical injury among workers of the Bishoftu automotive industry from December 15 to 30, 2019. Data was collected from 477 randomly selected participants and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of occupational injuries and all variables with P-value at<0.05 and an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% CI were used to declare the predictors of the outcome variable. Results: The prevalence of occupational physical injury among Bishoftu automotive industry workers within the last 12 months was 29.4% (95% CI: 25.2, 33.9). Abrasion 50 (39%), cut 34 (26.6%) and puncture 19 (14.8%) were the most common types of injuries; and of which hands 54 (42.2%), head 22 (17.2%), legs 20 (15.6%) and eyes 19 (14.8%) were the most commonly affected body parts. Workers with low monthly income [AOR: 3.03, 95% CI (1.25, 7.36)], sleeping disorders during working time [AOR: 5.40, 95% CI (2.30 – 9.40)], without Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during working time [AOR: 14, 95% CI (7.71, 25.63)] and working greater than forty-eight hours per week [AOR: 2.40, 95% CI (1.40, 7.14)] were factors significantly associated with occupational injury. Conclusion: Low monthly income, sleeping disorders, not using PPE and engaging in work for greater than forty-eight hours were major predictors of occupational injury. Hence, decision makers, policy designers, implementers, and managers of an industry should have to give due attention toward effective implementation of injury prevention policies, regulations and strategies; provision of adequate and quality PPEs and effective utilization of PPE is needed.
Abstract: Background: Occupational injury is an unintentional personal physical injury resulting from occupational accidents. It is a major public health problem resulting in serious social and economic consequences that could potentially be prevented. However, evidence on occupational physical injury among automotive industry workers in the country; particu...
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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites Co-infection and Associated Factors Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Adama Town, East Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia
Legese Lemma,
Teklu Shiferraw,
Godana Arero,
Chala Diriba Feyissa,
Lemlem Kebede
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
10-20
Received:
26 December 2021
Accepted:
15 January 2022
Published:
26 January 2022
Abstract: Tuberculosis and parasitic infections are co-endemic in many parts of the world. The treatments of many patients with tuberculosis are under the influence of Intestinal parasite infection that worsens the progression of this disease. Hence, adequate information on co-infection rate is needed to undertake the integrated prevention and control program. Therefore this study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasite co-infection and associated factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Adama Town, East shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia. A facility based cross sectional study was conducted from November 2018 up to January 2019 using multi stage random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential risk factors for intestinal parasite co-infection was collected by standardized semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire. One gram stool samples for direct saline microscopy, formol-ether concentration technique and modified acid fast staining was collected and processed in accordance to the standard parasitological techniques and procedures at Adama Science and Technology University Higher Health Center Laboratory. Data entry was done by EPI info version 7, and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Pearson chi-square and multiple logistic regression models were used to identify associated factors. Overall co-infection rate of intestinal parasites was 75 (21.4%) (95% CI: 17.1-25.4). Protozoans’ account 40 (11.4%) and Helminthes were 35 (10.0%). The predominate isolates were Entamoeba histolytica 30 (40%) and Ascaris lumbricoides12 (16.0%) from protozoans and helminthes, respectively. Eating raw vegetables/ fruits without washing or peeling [AOR]: 5.311 (2.089-13.506), habit of not using soup [AOR]: 11.238 (3.134-40.296) and Body mass index<18.5 kg/m2 [AOR]: 15.337 (5.860-40.142) were significant determinants of intestinal parasite among pulmonary tuberculosis patient. In general overall co-infection rate of intestinal parasites in this study was high (21.4%). Therefore, integrating screening and mass deworming of parasite into existing tuberculosis program should be considered.
Abstract: Tuberculosis and parasitic infections are co-endemic in many parts of the world. The treatments of many patients with tuberculosis are under the influence of Intestinal parasite infection that worsens the progression of this disease. Hence, adequate information on co-infection rate is needed to undertake the integrated prevention and control progra...
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Veterinary Drug Utilization Behaviour of Small-scale Dairy Farms in Three Districts of Oromia Region
Markos Tadele,
Beksisa Urge,
Tamirat Siyoum,
Temesgen Kassa,
Fekadu Gutema,
Berhanu Abera,
Helen Aklilu,
Neima Arebu
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
21-28
Received:
5 January 2022
Accepted:
20 January 2022
Published:
26 January 2022
Abstract: Small scale dairy farms around the Addis Ababa milk and milk products value chain covers a significant portion of the milk demands of Ethiopian people. The demand for dairy and meat products is rapidly increasing resulting in the expansion of dairy and fattening farms. Likewise, a wide variety of antimicrobials (AMs) have been used for a variety of purposes. This coupled with the poor awareness level of farmers regarding antimicrobial drug residue (AMDR) in animals’ products pose a great threat to public health. This study is therefore conducted to assess the current antimicrobial utilization and post-administration management practice of livestock producers in the study area. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 90 purposively selected smallholder dairy farms in 3 districts of the Oromia region. All farms (n=90) reported the use of at least one class of antimicrobial for a variety of purposes. Anthelminthics and antibiotics (87.8% each), antiprotozoals (58.9%), multivitamins and other commercial supplements (42.2%) were the most frequently used veterinary products in the study area. About two-thirds (63.3%) of the respondents purchase and use drugs without prescription. Unrestricted veterinary drug access (X2=9.03, p=0.003) and the perception of high veterinary service costs (X2=11.1, p=0.001) were found to have a strong association with unprescribed drugs use. AMs were used for treatment (49.4%), prophylactic (18.6%), growth promotion (18.6%), and fattening (17.8%) purposes. Most of the respondents (57.8%) have no awareness about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in milk and milk products. A strong association between the status of training and awareness level was observed, indicating the vital role of training in enhancing awareness level. A small majority (53.3%) of the respondent adhere to the recommended drug withdrawal period (DWP). Similar studies should be conducted in wider areas along the major milk value chain to get a big picture of the drug utilization status of dairy farms. Future works should quantify the level of veterinary drug residue (VDR) in dairy products.
Abstract: Small scale dairy farms around the Addis Ababa milk and milk products value chain covers a significant portion of the milk demands of Ethiopian people. The demand for dairy and meat products is rapidly increasing resulting in the expansion of dairy and fattening farms. Likewise, a wide variety of antimicrobials (AMs) have been used for a variety of...
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Hope, Love, Peace: Positive Health and Economy for a Growing Community
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
29-32
Received:
15 December 2021
Accepted:
30 December 2021
Published:
26 January 2022
Abstract: During the past 20 years, there has been a huge increase of international students to the UK, impacting the growth of community and economy. A review of the literature reveals few published papers focused on positive mental health and economy relating to this area. In particular, the relationship of positive health and economy to a growing community is not covered. The case study of this paper is drawn from the individual experience of Prof JUNFEI Hu whose mental health and wellbeing is not related to religion, drugs, alcohol, nor smoking. The outcome of his mental health challenges has been his contribution to the application of hope, love and peace developed, in part, from different parts of various world knowledge structures. This paper addresses the relationship between health, economy, and community based on the case study of life experience from Prof JUNFEI Hu. It develops a conclusion that the individual who is facing the challenge of larger community survival with positive health and economy is based on the following: hope, a motivation for positive mental wellbeing; love, a safe, strong connection within a larger community; and peace, a healthy lifestyle practiced in a safe environment. Each individual is different, but we are similar in our desire for HOPE, LOVE and PEACE. In the UK, we are proud to have the NHS and a superior education service. It is the basic human right of everyone to access the NHS and its education services; and the right to resolve challenges and controversies through community problem-solving as well as through the law. Health economics respects an individual’s quest for HOPE, LOVE and PEACE. These are non-exchangeable with money and inflexible legal restrictions.
Abstract: During the past 20 years, there has been a huge increase of international students to the UK, impacting the growth of community and economy. A review of the literature reveals few published papers focused on positive mental health and economy relating to this area. In particular, the relationship of positive health and economy to a growing communit...
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Magnitude and Predictors of Institutional Delivery Among Mothers Who Gave Birth in the Last One Year in Nejo Rural District, West Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia
Robera Haile Getaneh,
Dufera Rikitu Terefa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
33-42
Received:
20 December 2021
Accepted:
21 January 2022
Published:
5 February 2022
Abstract: Background: Globally about six out of ten births take place in health institutions. However, in Sub-Saharan African countries institutional delivery is very low. Also, in Ethiopia majority of women gave birth at home even though significant numbers of women attended antenatal care follow-up, particularly in the rural area. Objective: This study aimed to assess the magnitude and identify predictors of institutional delivery among mothers who gave birth in the last one year in Nejo rural district of western Ethiopia from September 1 to 30, 2019. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed among 508 mothers who gave birth in the last one year in Nejo rural district of western Ethiopia from September 1 to 30, 2019. The data was collected using a semi-structured pretested questionnaire through face-to-face interviewing of the participants. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between independent and dependent variables. The association was measured by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value <0.05 was used as the cut-off point to declare significance in the final model. Result: The magnitude of institutional delivery among mothers who gave birth in the last one year was 207 (41.4%). Mothers who attended more than secondary school [AOR=12.0; 95% CI=4.5-26.20], husbands’ occupation being government employee [AOR=6.9; 95% CI=2.2-21.5], merchants [AOR=7.6; CI=2.3-24.6] and engaged in private work [AOR=0.09; CI=0.02-0.47], ANC visits of three times & above [AOR=2.1, 95% CI=0.00-0.006], health education on maternal health [AOR=6.2, 95% 8.12-39.1] were the significant predictors of institutional delivery. Conclusion: The study found that institutional delivery service utilization at the study area was low, which was below the health sector transformation goal of the country which was planned to make home delivery free in which this indicator is the most important one in modeling kebeles, woredas, and finally to transform woredas. Maternal educational status, husbands’ occupation, ANC visits, and health education on maternal health were the most important predictors of institutional delivery service utilization. Hence, health planners, decision-makers, and other stakeholders should give due attention to maternal health improvement strategies in accessing health institutions for the rural community to increase institutional delivery.
Abstract: Background: Globally about six out of ten births take place in health institutions. However, in Sub-Saharan African countries institutional delivery is very low. Also, in Ethiopia majority of women gave birth at home even though significant numbers of women attended antenatal care follow-up, particularly in the rural area. Objective: This study aim...
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A Study on Performance-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders During Chinese Opera Training
Tai-Jui Wang,
Chih-Long Lin,
Rungtai Lin
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
43-59
Received:
8 January 2022
Accepted:
26 January 2022
Published:
9 February 2022
Abstract: The goal of this research approach is to achieve training effectiveness as great as in olden times using modern methods of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs), mental models, and ergonomic analysis. The purpose of this study explored the situation of PRMDs among Chinese opera performers and assessed the severity, frequency, continuance, and locations of PRMDs. This study also identified the treatments used for PRMDs, contributing factors to PRMD development, and the perceptions of the Chinese opera community regarding PRMDs. This research used a questionnaire modified from the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The questionnaire involved a total of 108 responses from 43 professionals and 65 students. For the nonparametric methods, independent-samples kruskal-wall is test, a one-way ANOVA (k samples), was used at multiple comparisons (all pairwise) significance level of .05. Chi-square tests were used to distinguish differences and relationships among the variables in self-report questionnaires between participants. Cross tabulations were applied to describe the univariate relationships among the items of independent and dependent variables for comparison of nominal and interval variables. For the parametric methods, the independent sample t-test was used at a two-tailed significance level of .05 for comparison of nominal and interval variables. One-way ANOVA and linear regression analysis was used to identify the relationship among variables and predicted factor between regions of the body with PRMDs and other self-report independent variables. The results indicate the most significant and frequent PRMD symptoms experienced after training and working for the nine body regions (neck: increased 41.7%, shoulders: increased 46.3%, upper back: increased 33.3%, elbows: increased 24.1%, wrists/hands: increased 50.0%, lower back/hips: increased 44.4%, thighs: increased 24.1%, knees: increased 52.8%, ankles/feet: increased 25.9%). According to our knowledge, this is the first research to examine the relationship among the self-reports severity and frequency of PRMDs in Chinese opera population. Therefore, the Chinese opera performing arts population requires more information regarding PRMDs for developing treatment and prevention strategies according to scientific methods. Hopefully, the PRMD-related problems from traditional Chinese opera training and work places reported in this study can be mitigated in the near future.
Abstract: The goal of this research approach is to achieve training effectiveness as great as in olden times using modern methods of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs), mental models, and ergonomic analysis. The purpose of this study explored the situation of PRMDs among Chinese opera performers and assessed the severity, frequency, contin...
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Theoretical Approaches of Health Campaigns and Practical Applications to COVID-19 Campaigns
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
60-72
Received:
5 January 2022
Accepted:
25 January 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Public communication campaigns are the focus of this contribution, especially in the field of health, that fulfill an important function in today’s civic society by informing the public about risky behaviors like AIDS, tobacco, alcohol, drug abuse, obesity or currently in the field of COVID-19. In addition they are stimulating preventive behavior in domains like increasing physical activity, healthier nutrition or keeping distance because of COVID-19, but also in areas like traffic safety or environmental protection. But they also try to alter non-healthy risk behaviors like smoking or too much drinking. Especially the COVID-19 pandemic since early 2020 hit the health systems of all countries hard and almost all health ministries or departments of public health started to develop and implement COVID-19 communication campaigns together with technical and legal interventions like vaccination. Based on a system model with focus on problem analysis, definition of goals, selection of target groups, development of campaign messages, and empirical campaign evaluation, it is the goal of this contribution to focus on public health campaigns and its underlying theoretical perspectives like information seeking, cognitive dissonance theory, activation and entertainment-education, social cognitive theory, persuasion research or approaches from health sciences. Based on this background of relevant communication theories, the contribution is asking: What have we learned from theory to optimize health campaigns and especially COVID-19 campaigns?
Abstract: Public communication campaigns are the focus of this contribution, especially in the field of health, that fulfill an important function in today’s civic society by informing the public about risky behaviors like AIDS, tobacco, alcohol, drug abuse, obesity or currently in the field of COVID-19. In addition they are stimulating preventive behavior i...
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