Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections and Antibiogram in Diabetic Patients Followed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Umba Nguanga Charlotte,
Blaise Makoso Nimi,
Gedeon Longo Longo,
Benjamin Mbenza Longo
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
84-87
Received:
29 April 2022
Accepted:
17 May 2022
Published:
5 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ejpm.20221004.11
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Abstract: Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in diabetic patients in general, but more so in patients who are not well balanced. The objective of our study was to identify the germs responsible for urinary tract infection and to study their sensitivity to the antibiotics used. Method: This was a retrospective and descriptive study of 212 diabetic patients followed at the Hospital du Cinquantenaire in Kinshasa from January 2019 to December 2021. The diagnosis of urinary tract infection was retained in the presence of positive bacteriuria, i.e. bacteriuria of the jet medium ≥ 105 cfu/ml in women and ≥ 104 cfu/ml in men or bacteriuria of urine collected in an indwelling catheter ≥ 102 cfu/ml. Results: Of the 800 diabetics received, 320 had performed a UEC and of these 212 were positive. The mean age of the patients included in our work was 43.1 ± 12.7 years with extremes of 18 and 77 years. The female sex was more represented (58.4%), i.e. a sex ratio of 01.3. Escherichia coli were the most frequent germ in 36.3% of cases, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae in 28.8%. The resistance rate was 40% for ampicillin, 60% for amoxicillin, 80% for oxacillin, 71.8% for ceftriaxone and 12.5% for imipenem. As for quinolones, the resistance rate was 82.6% for norfloxacin and 74.1% for ciprofloxacin. Resistance to gentamicin was 66.7%. Resistance rates for cotrimoxazole were 77.8% and 25.9% for nitrofurantoin. Conclusion: Urinary tract infection is a frequent pathology in diabetics. The most isolated germ is Escherichia coli. The rate of bacterial resistance was very high and varied from one study to another.
Abstract: Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in diabetic patients in general, but more so in patients who are not well balanced. The objective of our study was to identify the germs responsible for urinary tract infection and to study their sensitivity to the antibiotics used. Method: This was a retrospective and descriptive study of 212 d...
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Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus among Barbers and Mobile Nail Clippers in the Sekyere East District and Asante Mampong Municipality of Ghana
Daniel Berko,
Faustina Kokloe,
Simon Nyarko,
Faridu Abdul-Wadudu
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
88-96
Received:
5 August 2022
Accepted:
20 August 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ejpm.20221004.12
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Abstract: Viral infections that cause hepatitis B and C are major global health issues. Barbers and mobile nail cutters are regarded as a high-risk category for these diseases since they frequently come into touch with sharp objects. Jobs in underdeveloped nations, like Ghana, fall behind in protecting the security of their employees at work. Barbers and mobile nail clippers are among the low-literate, unregulated occupational groups; increasing direct skin contact and the use of blades or razors can expose barbers and mobile nail clippers to their clients' bodily fluids. The study was designed to find out the prevalence of HBV and HCV among Barbers and mobile nail clippers and to find out about their knowledge, attitudes, practices, and occupational exposure in the Sekyere East District and Asante Mampong Municipality of Ghana. A structured questionnaire and common HBV and HCV test kits were used to interview and test 300 B&MNCs from Sekyere East and Mampong. The proportions of knowledge, attitude, practices, and occupational exposure were measured using a scale. HBV and HCV were more common in barbers (21.33% and 21%, respectively), whereas they were more common in MNCs (29% and 25%, respectively). In contrast to MNCs, barbers had less understanding of HBV and HCV, but they were far more knowledgeable about the routes of transmission. With the exception of 28.33% of barbers who routinely utilize the same accessories without altering, practices and attitudes among barbers were generally favorable. The fact that 44.33% of MNCs neither changed nor sterilized their tools made the situation much more concerning. The study demonstrated that a significant segment of the population, particularly the young, uses the services of barbers and mobile nail trimmers. They could spread HBV and HCV covertly. A regulating organization is required to oversee all mobile nail clippers, screen and license them, and ensure regular workshops and training sessions to advance their education and expertise. It is highly advised that barbers and mobile nail clippers be randomly but frequently observed to keep them on their toes and assist eradicate certain unsanitary behaviors among them that could result in infecting themselves and their clients.
Abstract: Viral infections that cause hepatitis B and C are major global health issues. Barbers and mobile nail cutters are regarded as a high-risk category for these diseases since they frequently come into touch with sharp objects. Jobs in underdeveloped nations, like Ghana, fall behind in protecting the security of their employees at work. Barbers and mob...
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