Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas

Fanar Mansour Abed

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12

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Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas

Fanar Mansour Abed

Published in American Journal of Remote Sensing (Volume 1, Issue 4)

Received: 1 July 2013 Published: 10 August 2013

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Abstract

Full-waveform airborne laser scanning has shown potential to better describe land cover features through the additional physical information it can provide alongside the standard geometric information. To fully utilize full-waveform for enhanced object recognition and feature extraction, it is essential to calibrate the backscattered energy of the received signal. The backscatter signal is affected by many variables during the travel between the sensor and the target. To eliminate these effects and deliver more reliable physical information for land cover features, the incidence angle effect was considered following the RSN method which was introduced in previous work. Following the radar equation, a comprehensive radiometric calibration routine was applied in this paper where the backscatter coefficient utilized to deliver the calibration constant. The calibrated results were achieved by means of backscatter cross-section and coefficient parameters in addition to the normalized parameters with respect to the incidence angle effect. The backscatter signals from overlapping flight lines were investigated and analyzed over various land cover types before and after calibration in the study site. Results show the potential of using the backscatter coefficient to deliver the calibration constant for the radiometric calibration purposes. It was also proven that the normalized backscatter coefficient with respect to incidence angle provides the greatest potential amongst the other backscatter parameters by delivering the optimal match between flight lines.

Published in	American Journal of Remote Sensing (Volume 1, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12
Page(s)	77-87
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Laser Scanning, Full-Waveform, Incidence Angle, Backscatter, Calibration, Analysis

References

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APA Style

Fanar Mansour Abed. (2013). Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas. American Journal of Remote Sensing, 1(4), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12

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ACS Style

Fanar Mansour Abed. Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas. Am. J. Remote Sens. 2013, 1(4), 77-87. doi: 10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12

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AMA Style

Fanar Mansour Abed. Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas. Am J Remote Sens. 2013;1(4):77-87. doi: 10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12,
  author = {Fanar Mansour Abed},
  title = {Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas},
  journal = {American Journal of Remote Sensing},
  volume = {1},
  number = {4},
  pages = {77-87},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajrs.20130104.12},
  abstract = {Full-waveform airborne laser scanning has shown potential to better describe land cover features through the additional physical information it can provide alongside the standard geometric information. To fully utilize full-waveform for enhanced object recognition and feature extraction, it is essential to calibrate the backscattered energy of the received signal. The backscatter signal is affected by many variables during the travel between the sensor and the target. To eliminate these effects and deliver more reliable physical information for land cover features, the incidence angle effect was considered following the RSN method which was introduced in previous work. Following the radar equation, a comprehensive radiometric calibration routine was applied in this paper where the backscatter coefficient utilized to deliver the calibration constant. The calibrated results were achieved by means of backscatter cross-section and coefficient parameters in addition to the normalized parameters with respect to the incidence angle effect. The backscatter signals from overlapping flight lines were investigated and analyzed over various land cover types before and after calibration in the study site. Results show the potential of using the backscatter coefficient to deliver the calibration constant for the radiometric calibration purposes. It was also proven that the normalized backscatter coefficient with respect to incidence angle provides the greatest potential amongst the other backscatter parameters by delivering the optimal match between flight lines.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas
AU  - Fanar Mansour Abed
Y1  - 2013/08/10
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12
T2  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
JF  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
JO  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-580X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12
AB  - Full-waveform airborne laser scanning has shown potential to better describe land cover features through the additional physical information it can provide alongside the standard geometric information. To fully utilize full-waveform for enhanced object recognition and feature extraction, it is essential to calibrate the backscattered energy of the received signal. The backscatter signal is affected by many variables during the travel between the sensor and the target. To eliminate these effects and deliver more reliable physical information for land cover features, the incidence angle effect was considered following the RSN method which was introduced in previous work. Following the radar equation, a comprehensive radiometric calibration routine was applied in this paper where the backscatter coefficient utilized to deliver the calibration constant. The calibrated results were achieved by means of backscatter cross-section and coefficient parameters in addition to the normalized parameters with respect to the incidence angle effect. The backscatter signals from overlapping flight lines were investigated and analyzed over various land cover types before and after calibration in the study site. Results show the potential of using the backscatter coefficient to deliver the calibration constant for the radiometric calibration purposes. It was also proven that the normalized backscatter coefficient with respect to incidence angle provides the greatest potential amongst the other backscatter parameters by delivering the optimal match between flight lines.
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Fanar Mansour Abed

Surveying Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

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APA Style

Fanar Mansour Abed. (2013). Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas. American Journal of Remote Sensing, 1(4), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12

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ACS Style

Fanar Mansour Abed. Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas. Am. J. Remote Sens. 2013, 1(4), 77-87. doi: 10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12

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AMA Style

Fanar Mansour Abed. Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas. Am J Remote Sens. 2013;1(4):77-87. doi: 10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12,
  author = {Fanar Mansour Abed},
  title = {Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas},
  journal = {American Journal of Remote Sensing},
  volume = {1},
  number = {4},
  pages = {77-87},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajrs.20130104.12},
  abstract = {Full-waveform airborne laser scanning has shown potential to better describe land cover features through the additional physical information it can provide alongside the standard geometric information. To fully utilize full-waveform for enhanced object recognition and feature extraction, it is essential to calibrate the backscattered energy of the received signal. The backscatter signal is affected by many variables during the travel between the sensor and the target. To eliminate these effects and deliver more reliable physical information for land cover features, the incidence angle effect was considered following the RSN method which was introduced in previous work. Following the radar equation, a comprehensive radiometric calibration routine was applied in this paper where the backscatter coefficient utilized to deliver the calibration constant. The calibrated results were achieved by means of backscatter cross-section and coefficient parameters in addition to the normalized parameters with respect to the incidence angle effect. The backscatter signals from overlapping flight lines were investigated and analyzed over various land cover types before and after calibration in the study site. Results show the potential of using the backscatter coefficient to deliver the calibration constant for the radiometric calibration purposes. It was also proven that the normalized backscatter coefficient with respect to incidence angle provides the greatest potential amongst the other backscatter parameters by delivering the optimal match between flight lines.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Potential of the Incidence Angle Effect on the Radiometric Calibration of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning in Urban Areas
AU  - Fanar Mansour Abed
Y1  - 2013/08/10
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12
T2  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
JF  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
JO  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
SP  - 77
EP  - 87
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-580X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20130104.12
AB  - Full-waveform airborne laser scanning has shown potential to better describe land cover features through the additional physical information it can provide alongside the standard geometric information. To fully utilize full-waveform for enhanced object recognition and feature extraction, it is essential to calibrate the backscattered energy of the received signal. The backscatter signal is affected by many variables during the travel between the sensor and the target. To eliminate these effects and deliver more reliable physical information for land cover features, the incidence angle effect was considered following the RSN method which was introduced in previous work. Following the radar equation, a comprehensive radiometric calibration routine was applied in this paper where the backscatter coefficient utilized to deliver the calibration constant. The calibrated results were achieved by means of backscatter cross-section and coefficient parameters in addition to the normalized parameters with respect to the incidence angle effect. The backscatter signals from overlapping flight lines were investigated and analyzed over various land cover types before and after calibration in the study site. Results show the potential of using the backscatter coefficient to deliver the calibration constant for the radiometric calibration purposes. It was also proven that the normalized backscatter coefficient with respect to incidence angle provides the greatest potential amongst the other backscatter parameters by delivering the optimal match between flight lines.
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download