Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute)

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi; Ratib Mawa; Judith Namuyonga; Sulaiman Lubega

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11

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Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute)

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi, Ratib Mawa, Judith Namuyonga, Sulaiman Lubega

Published in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 24 September 2020 Accepted: 23 October 2020 Published: 12 January 2021

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Abstract

Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality associated with congenital malformations among children. Not knowing the risk profile of CHD among children in Uganda impedes development of effective prevention interventions. In this hospital based unmatched case-control study we examined risk factors for all types of CHD among 179 pair of case and control children aged 0-10 years old at Mulago National Referral Hospital. Odds ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Low birth weight (adjusted OR: 3.15, 95% CI 1.48 - 6.69), high birth order ≥5^th birth order (adjusted OR: 3.69 (1.10 – 12.54), maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal and paternal alcohol consumption, and paternal socio-economic status were associated with CHD. Family history of CHD, maternal education level, maternal chronic illness, and paternal education level were not associated with CHD. The results suggest: low birth weight, high birth order, and maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, parental alcohol use and paternal socio-economic status as dominant risk factors for CHD among children. Rigorous implementation of public health policies and strategies targeting prevention of febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, parental alcohol consumption, delivery of high number of children per woman, might be important in reducing the burden of CHD among children in Uganda.

Published in	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11
Page(s)	1-6
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Risk Factors, Alcohol Use, Low Birth Weight, Maternal Alcohol Consumption, Congenital Heart Diseases, Children, Uganda

References

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APA Style

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi, Ratib Mawa, Judith Namuyonga, Sulaiman Lubega. (2021). Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute). Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 5(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11

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ACS Style

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi; Ratib Mawa; Judith Namuyonga; Sulaiman Lubega. Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute). Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2021, 5(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11

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AMA Style

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi, Ratib Mawa, Judith Namuyonga, Sulaiman Lubega. Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute). Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2021;5(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11,
  author = {Grace Kahambu Kapakasi and Ratib Mawa and Judith Namuyonga and Sulaiman Lubega},
  title = {Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute)},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20210501.11},
  abstract = {Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality associated with congenital malformations among children. Not knowing the risk profile of CHD among children in Uganda impedes development of effective prevention interventions. In this hospital based unmatched case-control study we examined risk factors for all types of CHD among 179 pair of case and control children aged 0-10 years old at Mulago National Referral Hospital. Odds ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Low birth weight (adjusted OR: 3.15, 95% CI 1.48 - 6.69), high birth order ≥5th birth order (adjusted OR: 3.69 (1.10 – 12.54), maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal and paternal alcohol consumption, and paternal socio-economic status were associated with CHD. Family history of CHD, maternal education level, maternal chronic illness, and paternal education level were not associated with CHD. The results suggest: low birth weight, high birth order, and maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, parental alcohol use and paternal socio-economic status as dominant risk factors for CHD among children. Rigorous implementation of public health policies and strategies targeting prevention of febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, parental alcohol consumption, delivery of high number of children per woman, might be important in reducing the burden of CHD among children in Uganda.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute)
AU  - Grace Kahambu Kapakasi
AU  - Ratib Mawa
AU  - Judith Namuyonga
AU  - Sulaiman Lubega
Y1  - 2021/01/12
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DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11
T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11
AB  - Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality associated with congenital malformations among children. Not knowing the risk profile of CHD among children in Uganda impedes development of effective prevention interventions. In this hospital based unmatched case-control study we examined risk factors for all types of CHD among 179 pair of case and control children aged 0-10 years old at Mulago National Referral Hospital. Odds ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Low birth weight (adjusted OR: 3.15, 95% CI 1.48 - 6.69), high birth order ≥5th birth order (adjusted OR: 3.69 (1.10 – 12.54), maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal and paternal alcohol consumption, and paternal socio-economic status were associated with CHD. Family history of CHD, maternal education level, maternal chronic illness, and paternal education level were not associated with CHD. The results suggest: low birth weight, high birth order, and maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, parental alcohol use and paternal socio-economic status as dominant risk factors for CHD among children. Rigorous implementation of public health policies and strategies targeting prevention of febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, parental alcohol consumption, delivery of high number of children per woman, might be important in reducing the burden of CHD among children in Uganda.
VL  - 5
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Author Information

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi

Department of Nursing, Victoria University, Kampala, Uganda
Ratib Mawa

Department of Public Heath, Victoria University, Kampala, Uganda
Judith Namuyonga

Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute, Kampala, Uganda
Sulaiman Lubega

Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute, Kampala, Uganda

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APA Style

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi, Ratib Mawa, Judith Namuyonga, Sulaiman Lubega. (2021). Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute). Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 5(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11

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ACS Style

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi; Ratib Mawa; Judith Namuyonga; Sulaiman Lubega. Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute). Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2021, 5(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11

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AMA Style

Grace Kahambu Kapakasi, Ratib Mawa, Judith Namuyonga, Sulaiman Lubega. Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute). Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2021;5(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11,
  author = {Grace Kahambu Kapakasi and Ratib Mawa and Judith Namuyonga and Sulaiman Lubega},
  title = {Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute)},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20210501.11},
  abstract = {Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality associated with congenital malformations among children. Not knowing the risk profile of CHD among children in Uganda impedes development of effective prevention interventions. In this hospital based unmatched case-control study we examined risk factors for all types of CHD among 179 pair of case and control children aged 0-10 years old at Mulago National Referral Hospital. Odds ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Low birth weight (adjusted OR: 3.15, 95% CI 1.48 - 6.69), high birth order ≥5th birth order (adjusted OR: 3.69 (1.10 – 12.54), maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal and paternal alcohol consumption, and paternal socio-economic status were associated with CHD. Family history of CHD, maternal education level, maternal chronic illness, and paternal education level were not associated with CHD. The results suggest: low birth weight, high birth order, and maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, parental alcohol use and paternal socio-economic status as dominant risk factors for CHD among children. Rigorous implementation of public health policies and strategies targeting prevention of febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, parental alcohol consumption, delivery of high number of children per woman, might be important in reducing the burden of CHD among children in Uganda.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Factors Associated with Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Uganda: A Case-Control Study at Mulago National Referral Hospital (Uganda Heart Institute)
AU  - Grace Kahambu Kapakasi
AU  - Ratib Mawa
AU  - Judith Namuyonga
AU  - Sulaiman Lubega
Y1  - 2021/01/12
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11
T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8914
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20210501.11
AB  - Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality associated with congenital malformations among children. Not knowing the risk profile of CHD among children in Uganda impedes development of effective prevention interventions. In this hospital based unmatched case-control study we examined risk factors for all types of CHD among 179 pair of case and control children aged 0-10 years old at Mulago National Referral Hospital. Odds ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Low birth weight (adjusted OR: 3.15, 95% CI 1.48 - 6.69), high birth order ≥5th birth order (adjusted OR: 3.69 (1.10 – 12.54), maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal and paternal alcohol consumption, and paternal socio-economic status were associated with CHD. Family history of CHD, maternal education level, maternal chronic illness, and paternal education level were not associated with CHD. The results suggest: low birth weight, high birth order, and maternal febrile illness during pregnancy, parental alcohol use and paternal socio-economic status as dominant risk factors for CHD among children. Rigorous implementation of public health policies and strategies targeting prevention of febrile illness during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, parental alcohol consumption, delivery of high number of children per woman, might be important in reducing the burden of CHD among children in Uganda.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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