High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo)

Christian Michel Kouala Landa; Fatime Arousse Mampouya; Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami; Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou; Rog Paterne Bakekolo; Kivie Ngolo Letomo; Arthur Bolongue Awasandeke; Yannis Franck Kouikani; Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13

High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo)

Christian Michel Kouala Landa, Fatime Arousse Mampouya, Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami, Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou, Rog Paterne Bakekolo, Kivie Ngolo Letomo, Arthur Bolongue Awasandeke, Yannis Franck Kouikani, Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla

Published in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 20 October 2022 Accepted: 10 November 2022 Published: 23 November 2022

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Abstract

Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a public health problem. Its management requires a biological and morphological evaluation, looking for associated abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the biological abnormalities in patients with HBP and their relationship with the level of blood pressure (BP). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2018 (6 months), in outpatient consulting at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Were included, patients followed for essential hypertension. Results: One hundred and four patients were included, 57 women (54.8%). The mean age was 54.6±12.7 years. HBP was known in 74 cases (71.2%). The associated risk factors were abdominal obesity (n=52, 50%), family history of cardiovascular disease (n=52, 50%), sedentariness (n=50, 48.1%), dyslipidemia (n= 38, 36.5%), diabetes (n=16, 15.4%), and tobacco use (n=8, 7.7%). Biological abnormalities were hyperuricemia (n=50, 52.6%), anemia (n=43, 40.4%), microalbuminuria (n= 39, 37.5%), hypernatremia (n=34, 32.7%), reduced estimate filtration glomerular rate (eGFR) in 29 cases (27.9%) and hypercholesterolemia (n=21, 20.2%) The metabolic syndrome was found in 25 cases (24%). HBP was severe in 59 cases (56.7%). The relationship between severe HBP listed: altered eGFR (n=13, 22%, OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.21-1.21), albiminuria (n=37, 62.7%, OR 1.75, 95%CI 0.8-3.86), anemia (n=23, 39%, OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.36-1.75). Conclusion: Biological abnormalities are numerous in patients with HBP monitored in Central Africa. Thus, patients are poorly controlled on treatment. Early detection of these abnormalities is necessary to improve patient care.

Published in	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13
Page(s)	103-108
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

HBP, High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, Sub-Saharan Africa

References

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[2]	Farzadfar F, Finucane MM, Danaei G et al. An epidemic of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Lancet 2011; 377: 527.
[3]	Ellenga Mbolla BF, Makani Bassakouahou JK, Kouala Landa CM, Monabeka MG, Ossou-Nguiet PM, Mongo Ngamami SF et al. May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Republic of the Congo. Eur Heart J Suppl 2021; 23 (Suppl B): B49-51.
[4]	Ellenga Mbolla BF, Kouala Landa CM, Bakekolo PR et al. May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Republic of the Congo. Eur Heart J Suppl 2020; 22 (Suppl H): H47–H49.
[5]	Bachir C, Taled A, Bouraghda A. et al. Hyperuricémie et risque cardiovasculaire chez les hypertendus en consultation spécialisée dans la région de Blida. Ann Cardiol Angéiol. 2015; 64 (1): 82.
[6]	Wanvoegbe F, Agbodande KA, Alassani A, Gninkoum G, Kerekou A, Azon-Kouanou D et al. Hyperuricémie chez les diabétiques de type 2 à Cotonou: prévalence et facteurs associes. J Soc Biol Clin 2017; 27: 5-9.
[7]	Ikama MS, Matingou AR, Makani J, Lamini Nsoundat N, Mongo Ngamami SF et al. Hyperuricemia and associated factors during arterial hypertension in Brazzaville (Congo). World J Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 9 (3): 236-44.
[8]	Perez V, Chang ET. Sodium-to-potassium ratio and blood pressure, and related factors. Adv Ntr 2014; 5: 712-41.
[9]	Gombet T, Longo-Mbenza B, Ellenga Mbolla B, Ikama MS, Kimbally-Kaky G, Nkoua JL. Relationship between coronary artery disease, metabolic syndrome, energy expenditure, body composition, kidney function, and low grade inflammation among bank African employees. Diab Met Synd Clin Res Rev 2010; 4: 197-203.
[10]	Eyeni Sinomono DT, Loumingou R, Gassongo Koumou GC, Mahoungou GH, Mobengo JL. Chronic renal failure in the Brazzaville university hospital center: epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2021; 32 (5): 1450-55.
[11]	Yameogo NV, Mbaye A, Ndour M, Kagambega LJ, Diomande H, Hakim R et al. control of cardiovascular risk in black africans with type 2 diabetes in Senegal. Cardiovasc J Afr 2012; 23 (5): 270-72.
[12]	Gombet TR, Ellenga Mbolla BF, Ikama MS, Kimbally-Kaky SG. Cost of emergency cardiovasculare care at the university hospital center in Brazzaville (Congo). Med Trop 2009; 69: 45-47.
[13]	Millogo GRC, Samadoulougou A, Yameogo NV. Syndrome métabolique chez les patients hypertendus dans le service de cardiologie du CHU Yalgado Ouedraogo de Ouagadougou, Burkina-Faso. Pan Afr Med J 2014; 19: 290.
[14]	Gombet T, Longo-Mbenza B, Ellenga Mbolla B, Ikama MS, Mokondjimobe E, Kimbally-Kaky G, Nkoua JL. Aging, female sex, migration, elevated HDL-C, and inflammation are associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome among African bank employees. Int J Gen Med 2012; 5: 495-503.
[15]	Ellenga Mbolla BF, Ossou-nguiet PM, Loumingou R, Ikama MS, Ngangoue N, Gombet TR et al. Relationship between obesity, serum uric acid, serum potassium, and glomerular filtration rate with electric left ventricular hypertrophy in blacks central africans with high blood pressure. World J Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 8: 248-55.
[16]	Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, Carballo D, Koskinas KC, Back M et al. 2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J 2021; 42 (34): 3227-37.
[17]	Longo Mbenza B, Lukoki Luila E, Phanzu Mbete, kintoki Vita E. is hyperuricemia a risk factor of stroke and coronary artery disease among africans? Int J Cardiol 1999; 71 (1): 17-22.
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APA Style

Christian Michel Kouala Landa, Fatime Arousse Mampouya, Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami, Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou, Rog Paterne Bakekolo, et al. (2022). High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo). Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 6(4), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13

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ACS Style

Christian Michel Kouala Landa; Fatime Arousse Mampouya; Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami; Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou; Rog Paterne Bakekolo, et al. High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo). Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2022, 6(4), 103-108. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13

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AMA Style

Christian Michel Kouala Landa, Fatime Arousse Mampouya, Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami, Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou, Rog Paterne Bakekolo, et al. High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo). Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2022;6(4):103-108. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13,
  author = {Christian Michel Kouala Landa and Fatime Arousse Mampouya and Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami and Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou and Rog Paterne Bakekolo and Kivie Ngolo Letomo and Arthur Bolongue Awasandeke and Yannis Franck Kouikani and Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla},
  title = {High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo)},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {103-108},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20220604.13},
  abstract = {Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a public health problem. Its management requires a biological and morphological evaluation, looking for associated abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the biological abnormalities in patients with HBP and their relationship with the level of blood pressure (BP). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2018 (6 months), in outpatient consulting at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Were included, patients followed for essential hypertension. Results: One hundred and four patients were included, 57 women (54.8%). The mean age was 54.6±12.7 years. HBP was known in 74 cases (71.2%). The associated risk factors were abdominal obesity (n=52, 50%), family history of cardiovascular disease (n=52, 50%), sedentariness (n=50, 48.1%), dyslipidemia (n= 38, 36.5%), diabetes (n=16, 15.4%), and tobacco use (n=8, 7.7%). Biological abnormalities were hyperuricemia (n=50, 52.6%), anemia (n=43, 40.4%), microalbuminuria (n= 39, 37.5%), hypernatremia (n=34, 32.7%), reduced estimate filtration glomerular rate (eGFR) in 29 cases (27.9%) and hypercholesterolemia (n=21, 20.2%) The metabolic syndrome was found in 25 cases (24%). HBP was severe in 59 cases (56.7%). The relationship between severe HBP listed: altered eGFR (n=13, 22%, OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.21-1.21), albiminuria (n=37, 62.7%, OR 1.75, 95%CI 0.8-3.86), anemia (n=23, 39%, OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.36-1.75). Conclusion: Biological abnormalities are numerous in patients with HBP monitored in Central Africa. Thus, patients are poorly controlled on treatment. Early detection of these abnormalities is necessary to improve patient care.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo)
AU  - Christian Michel Kouala Landa
AU  - Fatime Arousse Mampouya
AU  - Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami
AU  - Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou
AU  - Rog Paterne Bakekolo
AU  - Kivie Ngolo Letomo
AU  - Arthur Bolongue Awasandeke
AU  - Yannis Franck Kouikani
AU  - Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla
Y1  - 2022/11/23
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13
T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
SP  - 103
EP  - 108
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8914
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13
AB  - Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a public health problem. Its management requires a biological and morphological evaluation, looking for associated abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the biological abnormalities in patients with HBP and their relationship with the level of blood pressure (BP). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2018 (6 months), in outpatient consulting at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Were included, patients followed for essential hypertension. Results: One hundred and four patients were included, 57 women (54.8%). The mean age was 54.6±12.7 years. HBP was known in 74 cases (71.2%). The associated risk factors were abdominal obesity (n=52, 50%), family history of cardiovascular disease (n=52, 50%), sedentariness (n=50, 48.1%), dyslipidemia (n= 38, 36.5%), diabetes (n=16, 15.4%), and tobacco use (n=8, 7.7%). Biological abnormalities were hyperuricemia (n=50, 52.6%), anemia (n=43, 40.4%), microalbuminuria (n= 39, 37.5%), hypernatremia (n=34, 32.7%), reduced estimate filtration glomerular rate (eGFR) in 29 cases (27.9%) and hypercholesterolemia (n=21, 20.2%) The metabolic syndrome was found in 25 cases (24%). HBP was severe in 59 cases (56.7%). The relationship between severe HBP listed: altered eGFR (n=13, 22%, OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.21-1.21), albiminuria (n=37, 62.7%, OR 1.75, 95%CI 0.8-3.86), anemia (n=23, 39%, OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.36-1.75). Conclusion: Biological abnormalities are numerous in patients with HBP monitored in Central Africa. Thus, patients are poorly controlled on treatment. Early detection of these abnormalities is necessary to improve patient care.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Christian Michel Kouala Landa

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Fatime Arousse Mampouya

Department of Biological Studies, Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Rog Paterne Bakekolo

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Kivie Ngolo Letomo

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Arthur Bolongue Awasandeke

Department of Doctoral Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Yannis Franck Kouikani

Department of Doctoral Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo

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APA Style

Christian Michel Kouala Landa, Fatime Arousse Mampouya, Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami, Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou, Rog Paterne Bakekolo, et al. (2022). High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo). Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 6(4), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13

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ACS Style

Christian Michel Kouala Landa; Fatime Arousse Mampouya; Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami; Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou; Rog Paterne Bakekolo, et al. High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo). Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2022, 6(4), 103-108. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13

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AMA Style

Christian Michel Kouala Landa, Fatime Arousse Mampouya, Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami, Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou, Rog Paterne Bakekolo, et al. High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo). Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2022;6(4):103-108. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13,
  author = {Christian Michel Kouala Landa and Fatime Arousse Mampouya and Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami and Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou and Rog Paterne Bakekolo and Kivie Ngolo Letomo and Arthur Bolongue Awasandeke and Yannis Franck Kouikani and Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla},
  title = {High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo)},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {103-108},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20220604.13},
  abstract = {Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a public health problem. Its management requires a biological and morphological evaluation, looking for associated abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the biological abnormalities in patients with HBP and their relationship with the level of blood pressure (BP). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2018 (6 months), in outpatient consulting at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Were included, patients followed for essential hypertension. Results: One hundred and four patients were included, 57 women (54.8%). The mean age was 54.6±12.7 years. HBP was known in 74 cases (71.2%). The associated risk factors were abdominal obesity (n=52, 50%), family history of cardiovascular disease (n=52, 50%), sedentariness (n=50, 48.1%), dyslipidemia (n= 38, 36.5%), diabetes (n=16, 15.4%), and tobacco use (n=8, 7.7%). Biological abnormalities were hyperuricemia (n=50, 52.6%), anemia (n=43, 40.4%), microalbuminuria (n= 39, 37.5%), hypernatremia (n=34, 32.7%), reduced estimate filtration glomerular rate (eGFR) in 29 cases (27.9%) and hypercholesterolemia (n=21, 20.2%) The metabolic syndrome was found in 25 cases (24%). HBP was severe in 59 cases (56.7%). The relationship between severe HBP listed: altered eGFR (n=13, 22%, OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.21-1.21), albiminuria (n=37, 62.7%, OR 1.75, 95%CI 0.8-3.86), anemia (n=23, 39%, OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.36-1.75). Conclusion: Biological abnormalities are numerous in patients with HBP monitored in Central Africa. Thus, patients are poorly controlled on treatment. Early detection of these abnormalities is necessary to improve patient care.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - High Serum Uric Acid, Anemia, Microalbuminuria, and Reduced Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Africans with High Blood Pressure at Brazzaville (Congo)
AU  - Christian Michel Kouala Landa
AU  - Fatime Arousse Mampouya
AU  - Solange Flore Mongo Ngamami
AU  - Jospin Karel Makani Bassakouahou
AU  - Rog Paterne Bakekolo
AU  - Kivie Ngolo Letomo
AU  - Arthur Bolongue Awasandeke
AU  - Yannis Franck Kouikani
AU  - Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla
Y1  - 2022/11/23
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13
T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
SP  - 103
EP  - 108
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8914
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220604.13
AB  - Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a public health problem. Its management requires a biological and morphological evaluation, looking for associated abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine the biological abnormalities in patients with HBP and their relationship with the level of blood pressure (BP). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2018 (6 months), in outpatient consulting at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Were included, patients followed for essential hypertension. Results: One hundred and four patients were included, 57 women (54.8%). The mean age was 54.6±12.7 years. HBP was known in 74 cases (71.2%). The associated risk factors were abdominal obesity (n=52, 50%), family history of cardiovascular disease (n=52, 50%), sedentariness (n=50, 48.1%), dyslipidemia (n= 38, 36.5%), diabetes (n=16, 15.4%), and tobacco use (n=8, 7.7%). Biological abnormalities were hyperuricemia (n=50, 52.6%), anemia (n=43, 40.4%), microalbuminuria (n= 39, 37.5%), hypernatremia (n=34, 32.7%), reduced estimate filtration glomerular rate (eGFR) in 29 cases (27.9%) and hypercholesterolemia (n=21, 20.2%) The metabolic syndrome was found in 25 cases (24%). HBP was severe in 59 cases (56.7%). The relationship between severe HBP listed: altered eGFR (n=13, 22%, OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.21-1.21), albiminuria (n=37, 62.7%, OR 1.75, 95%CI 0.8-3.86), anemia (n=23, 39%, OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.36-1.75). Conclusion: Biological abnormalities are numerous in patients with HBP monitored in Central Africa. Thus, patients are poorly controlled on treatment. Early detection of these abnormalities is necessary to improve patient care.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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