Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent bacterial infections in both community and healthcare settings. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 1,516 urinary tract infection (UTI) patients (1,179 inpatients and 337 outpatients) at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2024. The study aimed to compare clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profiles between outpatient and inpatient UTI cases. Key findings revealed a significantly higher urine culture positivity rate in females compared to males, with this gender disparity being more pronounced among outpatients. The peak age of UTI onset varied between groups: inpatients (both sexes) and male outpatients exhibited the highest incidence in the 70-79-year age group, whereas female outpatients peaked earlier (50-59 years). Escherichia coli (E. coli) remained the predominant pathogen in both cohorts, though its prevalence was higher in outpatients. In contrast, inpatients displayed greater microbial diversity, with a broader spectrum of isolated pathogens. E. coli and Enterococcus isolates from inpatients demonstrated higher overall antibiotic resistance than those from outpatients. These findings underscore distinct epidemiological and resistance patterns between outpatient and inpatient UTI cases, providing critical insights for optimizing empirical antibiotic therapy and reinforcing the need for tailored antimicrobial stewardship strategies in these populations.
| Published in | Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 14, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12 |
| Page(s) | 49-57 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Urinary Tract Infection, Outpatients, Inpatients, Pathogens, Antibiotic Resistance
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APA Style
Zhou, L., Bi, R., Cheng, J., Zhu, J., Chen, Y., et al. (2025). Comparative Analysis of Clinical Situation, Pathogen Distribution, and Antibiotic Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections Between Outpatients and Inpatients. Clinical Medicine Research, 14(3), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12
ACS Style
Zhou, L.; Bi, R.; Cheng, J.; Zhu, J.; Chen, Y., et al. Comparative Analysis of Clinical Situation, Pathogen Distribution, and Antibiotic Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections Between Outpatients and Inpatients. Clin. Med. Res. 2025, 14(3), 49-57. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12,
author = {Liting Zhou and Ruru Bi and Jianjun Cheng and Junmei Zhu and Yan Chen and Qingzhen Han and Lin Wang and Ting Zhang},
title = {Comparative Analysis of Clinical Situation, Pathogen Distribution, and Antibiotic Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections Between Outpatients and Inpatients
},
journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
volume = {14},
number = {3},
pages = {49-57},
doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20251403.12},
abstract = {Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent bacterial infections in both community and healthcare settings. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 1,516 urinary tract infection (UTI) patients (1,179 inpatients and 337 outpatients) at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2024. The study aimed to compare clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profiles between outpatient and inpatient UTI cases. Key findings revealed a significantly higher urine culture positivity rate in females compared to males, with this gender disparity being more pronounced among outpatients. The peak age of UTI onset varied between groups: inpatients (both sexes) and male outpatients exhibited the highest incidence in the 70-79-year age group, whereas female outpatients peaked earlier (50-59 years). Escherichia coli (E. coli) remained the predominant pathogen in both cohorts, though its prevalence was higher in outpatients. In contrast, inpatients displayed greater microbial diversity, with a broader spectrum of isolated pathogens. E. coli and Enterococcus isolates from inpatients demonstrated higher overall antibiotic resistance than those from outpatients. These findings underscore distinct epidemiological and resistance patterns between outpatient and inpatient UTI cases, providing critical insights for optimizing empirical antibiotic therapy and reinforcing the need for tailored antimicrobial stewardship strategies in these populations.
},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Analysis of Clinical Situation, Pathogen Distribution, and Antibiotic Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections Between Outpatients and Inpatients AU - Liting Zhou AU - Ruru Bi AU - Jianjun Cheng AU - Junmei Zhu AU - Yan Chen AU - Qingzhen Han AU - Lin Wang AU - Ting Zhang Y1 - 2025/05/29 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12 DO - 10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12 T2 - Clinical Medicine Research JF - Clinical Medicine Research JO - Clinical Medicine Research SP - 49 EP - 57 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2326-9057 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20251403.12 AB - Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent bacterial infections in both community and healthcare settings. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 1,516 urinary tract infection (UTI) patients (1,179 inpatients and 337 outpatients) at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2024. The study aimed to compare clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profiles between outpatient and inpatient UTI cases. Key findings revealed a significantly higher urine culture positivity rate in females compared to males, with this gender disparity being more pronounced among outpatients. The peak age of UTI onset varied between groups: inpatients (both sexes) and male outpatients exhibited the highest incidence in the 70-79-year age group, whereas female outpatients peaked earlier (50-59 years). Escherichia coli (E. coli) remained the predominant pathogen in both cohorts, though its prevalence was higher in outpatients. In contrast, inpatients displayed greater microbial diversity, with a broader spectrum of isolated pathogens. E. coli and Enterococcus isolates from inpatients demonstrated higher overall antibiotic resistance than those from outpatients. These findings underscore distinct epidemiological and resistance patterns between outpatient and inpatient UTI cases, providing critical insights for optimizing empirical antibiotic therapy and reinforcing the need for tailored antimicrobial stewardship strategies in these populations. VL - 14 IS - 3 ER -
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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