Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé

Matogoma Digbé Ble; Francis Béranger Angelo Aka; Dorothée Marie Koumi; N’Bra Koko Alexandre; Joel Bonouma; Yao Thodekes

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15

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Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé

Matogoma Digbé Ble^*

, Francis Béranger Angelo Aka

, Dorothée Marie Koumi, N’Bra Koko Alexandre, Joel Bonouma, Yao Thodekes

Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 6)

Received: 28 October 2024 Accepted: 12 November 2024 Published: 29 November 2024

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Abstract

Carotenoids and flavonoids are essential nutrients for infant development. As for today, there is limited data on their availability in breast milk and the associated dietary factors, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, where the diet of breastfeeding women is largely composed of cooked meals. The primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of carotenoids and flavonoids in breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) during two lactation periods in Ivorian women who consumed two different diets. Mature breast milk samples were collected from healthy breastfeeding women on the 45th and 105th postpartum days. The mothers’ dietary frequencies were obtained using a questionnaire. A final sample of 60 breastfeeding women was selected. Two predominant basic diets were identified: cooked rice with palm nut sauce (R-SG) and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by a paste of cooked vegetables (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) (A-PF). An overall increase in flavonoid levels was observed in all women’s milk on the 105th postpartum day, in contrast to carotenoid levels, where only the β-carotene content increased on the 105th day in the milk of women who consumed the R-SG diet (from 1.82 ± 0.30 µg/L to 2.13 ± 0.6 µg/L). The quercetin content in the milk of women on the A-PF diet (from 10.8 ± 1.6 µg/L to 19.98 ± 3.6 µg/L) significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to other flavonoids. Based on our results, consumption of cooked rice with palm nut sauce and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by cooked vegetable sauce (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) increases the concentrations of quercetin, kaempferol, and epicatechin in milk. These findings can serve as dietary guidelines for breastfeeding mothers to improve β-carotene and flavonoid levels in breast milk, thus promoting infant growth and development.

Published in	International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15
Page(s)	283-290
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Human Milk, Flavonoids, Carotenoids, Dietary Habits, Maternal And Child Health

References

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APA Style

Ble, M. D., Aka, F. B. A., Koumi, D. M., Alexandre, N. K., Bonouma, J., et al. (2024). Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 13(6), 283-290. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15

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ACS Style

Ble, M. D.; Aka, F. B. A.; Koumi, D. M.; Alexandre, N. K.; Bonouma, J., et al. Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2024, 13(6), 283-290. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15

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AMA Style

Ble MD, Aka FBA, Koumi DM, Alexandre NK, Bonouma J, et al. Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2024;13(6):283-290. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15,
  author = {Matogoma Digbé Ble and Francis Béranger Angelo Aka and Dorothée Marie Koumi and N’Bra Koko Alexandre and Joel Bonouma and Yao Thodekes},
  title = {Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé
},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {283-290},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20241306.15},
  abstract = {Carotenoids and flavonoids are essential nutrients for infant development. As for today, there is limited data on their availability in breast milk and the associated dietary factors, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, where the diet of breastfeeding women is largely composed of cooked meals. The primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of carotenoids and flavonoids in breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) during two lactation periods in Ivorian women who consumed two different diets. Mature breast milk samples were collected from healthy breastfeeding women on the 45th and 105th postpartum days. The mothers’ dietary frequencies were obtained using a questionnaire. A final sample of 60 breastfeeding women was selected. Two predominant basic diets were identified: cooked rice with palm nut sauce (R-SG) and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by a paste of cooked vegetables (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) (A-PF). An overall increase in flavonoid levels was observed in all women’s milk on the 105th postpartum day, in contrast to carotenoid levels, where only the β-carotene content increased on the 105th day in the milk of women who consumed the R-SG diet (from 1.82 ± 0.30 µg/L to 2.13 ± 0.6 µg/L). The quercetin content in the milk of women on the A-PF diet (from 10.8 ± 1.6 µg/L to 19.98 ± 3.6 µg/L) significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to other flavonoids. Based on our results, consumption of cooked rice with palm nut sauce and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by cooked vegetable sauce (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) increases the concentrations of quercetin, kaempferol, and epicatechin in milk. These findings can serve as dietary guidelines for breastfeeding mothers to improve β-carotene and flavonoid levels in breast milk, thus promoting infant growth and development.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé

AU  - Matogoma Digbé Ble
AU  - Francis Béranger Angelo Aka
AU  - Dorothée Marie Koumi
AU  - N’Bra Koko Alexandre
AU  - Joel Bonouma
AU  - Yao Thodekes
Y1  - 2024/11/29
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 283
EP  - 290
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15
AB  - Carotenoids and flavonoids are essential nutrients for infant development. As for today, there is limited data on their availability in breast milk and the associated dietary factors, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, where the diet of breastfeeding women is largely composed of cooked meals. The primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of carotenoids and flavonoids in breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) during two lactation periods in Ivorian women who consumed two different diets. Mature breast milk samples were collected from healthy breastfeeding women on the 45th and 105th postpartum days. The mothers’ dietary frequencies were obtained using a questionnaire. A final sample of 60 breastfeeding women was selected. Two predominant basic diets were identified: cooked rice with palm nut sauce (R-SG) and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by a paste of cooked vegetables (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) (A-PF). An overall increase in flavonoid levels was observed in all women’s milk on the 105th postpartum day, in contrast to carotenoid levels, where only the β-carotene content increased on the 105th day in the milk of women who consumed the R-SG diet (from 1.82 ± 0.30 µg/L to 2.13 ± 0.6 µg/L). The quercetin content in the milk of women on the A-PF diet (from 10.8 ± 1.6 µg/L to 19.98 ± 3.6 µg/L) significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to other flavonoids. Based on our results, consumption of cooked rice with palm nut sauce and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by cooked vegetable sauce (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) increases the concentrations of quercetin, kaempferol, and epicatechin in milk. These findings can serve as dietary guidelines for breastfeeding mothers to improve β-carotene and flavonoid levels in breast milk, thus promoting infant growth and development.

VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Matogoma Digbé Ble

Laboratory of Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health of Adjamé, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9758-7527
Francis Béranger Angelo Aka

Laboratory of Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health of Adjamé, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6934-340X
Dorothée Marie Koumi

Laboratory of Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health of Adjamé, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Contact Email
N’Bra Koko Alexandre

Laboratory of Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health of Adjamé, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Contact Email
Joel Bonouma

Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Industries of Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Contact Email
Yao Thodekes

Laboratory of Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health of Adjamé, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire;Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, UFR of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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APA Style

Ble, M. D., Aka, F. B. A., Koumi, D. M., Alexandre, N. K., Bonouma, J., et al. (2024). Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 13(6), 283-290. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15

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ACS Style

Ble, M. D.; Aka, F. B. A.; Koumi, D. M.; Alexandre, N. K.; Bonouma, J., et al. Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2024, 13(6), 283-290. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15

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AMA Style

Ble MD, Aka FBA, Koumi DM, Alexandre NK, Bonouma J, et al. Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2024;13(6):283-290. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15,
  author = {Matogoma Digbé Ble and Francis Béranger Angelo Aka and Dorothée Marie Koumi and N’Bra Koko Alexandre and Joel Bonouma and Yao Thodekes},
  title = {Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé
},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {283-290},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20241306.15},
  abstract = {Carotenoids and flavonoids are essential nutrients for infant development. As for today, there is limited data on their availability in breast milk and the associated dietary factors, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, where the diet of breastfeeding women is largely composed of cooked meals. The primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of carotenoids and flavonoids in breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) during two lactation periods in Ivorian women who consumed two different diets. Mature breast milk samples were collected from healthy breastfeeding women on the 45th and 105th postpartum days. The mothers’ dietary frequencies were obtained using a questionnaire. A final sample of 60 breastfeeding women was selected. Two predominant basic diets were identified: cooked rice with palm nut sauce (R-SG) and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by a paste of cooked vegetables (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) (A-PF). An overall increase in flavonoid levels was observed in all women’s milk on the 105th postpartum day, in contrast to carotenoid levels, where only the β-carotene content increased on the 105th day in the milk of women who consumed the R-SG diet (from 1.82 ± 0.30 µg/L to 2.13 ± 0.6 µg/L). The quercetin content in the milk of women on the A-PF diet (from 10.8 ± 1.6 µg/L to 19.98 ± 3.6 µg/L) significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to other flavonoids. Based on our results, consumption of cooked rice with palm nut sauce and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by cooked vegetable sauce (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) increases the concentrations of quercetin, kaempferol, and epicatechin in milk. These findings can serve as dietary guidelines for breastfeeding mothers to improve β-carotene and flavonoid levels in breast milk, thus promoting infant growth and development.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Phytonutrients in Breast Milk and Their Association with Maternal Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study in Adjamé

AU  - Matogoma Digbé Ble
AU  - Francis Béranger Angelo Aka
AU  - Dorothée Marie Koumi
AU  - N’Bra Koko Alexandre
AU  - Joel Bonouma
AU  - Yao Thodekes
Y1  - 2024/11/29
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 283
EP  - 290
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20241306.15
AB  - Carotenoids and flavonoids are essential nutrients for infant development. As for today, there is limited data on their availability in breast milk and the associated dietary factors, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, where the diet of breastfeeding women is largely composed of cooked meals. The primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of carotenoids and flavonoids in breast milk using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) during two lactation periods in Ivorian women who consumed two different diets. Mature breast milk samples were collected from healthy breastfeeding women on the 45th and 105th postpartum days. The mothers’ dietary frequencies were obtained using a questionnaire. A final sample of 60 breastfeeding women was selected. Two predominant basic diets were identified: cooked rice with palm nut sauce (R-SG) and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by a paste of cooked vegetables (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) (A-PF). An overall increase in flavonoid levels was observed in all women’s milk on the 105th postpartum day, in contrast to carotenoid levels, where only the β-carotene content increased on the 105th day in the milk of women who consumed the R-SG diet (from 1.82 ± 0.30 µg/L to 2.13 ± 0.6 µg/L). The quercetin content in the milk of women on the A-PF diet (from 10.8 ± 1.6 µg/L to 19.98 ± 3.6 µg/L) significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to other flavonoids. Based on our results, consumption of cooked rice with palm nut sauce and attiéké with fried fish in refined palm oil accompanied by cooked vegetable sauce (onion-red chili-fresh tomato) increases the concentrations of quercetin, kaempferol, and epicatechin in milk. These findings can serve as dietary guidelines for breastfeeding mothers to improve β-carotene and flavonoid levels in breast milk, thus promoting infant growth and development.

VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  -

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