Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition

Abbas Ayoub; Naseeb Ahmad; Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman; Muhammad Abbas

doi:doi:10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition

Abbas Ayoub, Naseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman, Muhammad Abbas

Published in Science Development (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 10 July 2023 Accepted: 24 July 2023 Published: 13 September 2023

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Abstract

Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl^-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl^-1FeSO₄, NiSO₄.7H₂O (0.00 gl^-1, 14.04 gl^-1, 28.08 gl^-1, 42.12 gl^-1) and 15.4 gl^-1H₃BO₃ as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.

Published in	Science Development (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
Page(s)	42-48
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Electrodeposition, Nickel, X-Ray Diffraction, Cu-Ni Alloys, Mild Steel Substrate

References

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APA Style

Abbas Ayoub, Naseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman, Muhammad Abbas. (2023). Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Science Development, 4(3), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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ACS Style

Abbas Ayoub; Naseeb Ahmad; Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman; Muhammad Abbas. Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Sci. Dev. 2023, 4(3), 42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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AMA Style

Abbas Ayoub, Naseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman, Muhammad Abbas. Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Sci Dev. 2023;4(3):42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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@article{10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12,
  author = {Abbas Ayoub and Naseeb Ahmad and Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman and Muhammad Abbas},
  title = {Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition},
  journal = {Science Development},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.scidev.20230403.12},
  abstract = {Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl-1 FeSO4, NiSO4.7H2O (0.00 gl-1, 14.04 gl-1, 28.08 gl-1, 42.12 gl-1) and 15.4 gl-1 H3BO3 as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition
AU  - Abbas Ayoub
AU  - Naseeb Ahmad
AU  - Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman
AU  - Muhammad Abbas
Y1  - 2023/09/13
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
T2  - Science Development
JF  - Science Development
JO  - Science Development
SP  - 42
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7154
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
AB  - Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl-1 FeSO4, NiSO4.7H2O (0.00 gl-1, 14.04 gl-1, 28.08 gl-1, 42.12 gl-1) and 15.4 gl-1 H3BO3 as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Abbas Ayoub

Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
Naseeb Ahmad

Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman

Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
Muhammad Abbas

Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

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APA Style

Abbas Ayoub, Naseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman, Muhammad Abbas. (2023). Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Science Development, 4(3), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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ACS Style

Abbas Ayoub; Naseeb Ahmad; Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman; Muhammad Abbas. Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Sci. Dev. 2023, 4(3), 42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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AMA Style

Abbas Ayoub, Naseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman, Muhammad Abbas. Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Sci Dev. 2023;4(3):42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12,
  author = {Abbas Ayoub and Naseeb Ahmad and Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman and Muhammad Abbas},
  title = {Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition},
  journal = {Science Development},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {42-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.scidev.20230403.12},
  abstract = {Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl-1 FeSO4, NiSO4.7H2O (0.00 gl-1, 14.04 gl-1, 28.08 gl-1, 42.12 gl-1) and 15.4 gl-1 H3BO3 as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition
AU  - Abbas Ayoub
AU  - Naseeb Ahmad
AU  - Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman
AU  - Muhammad Abbas
Y1  - 2023/09/13
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
T2  - Science Development
JF  - Science Development
JO  - Science Development
SP  - 42
EP  - 48
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7154
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
AB  - Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl-1 FeSO4, NiSO4.7H2O (0.00 gl-1, 14.04 gl-1, 28.08 gl-1, 42.12 gl-1) and 15.4 gl-1 H3BO3 as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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