Research Article
High Levels of Oxidative Stress in Ivorian People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Undergoing Antiretroviral Treatment
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
110-118
Received:
27 August 2025
Accepted:
5 September 2025
Published:
14 October 2025
Abstract: Introduction: During HIV infection, the virus and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment generate oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to determine the level of oxidative stress based on changes in CD4+ T-cell counts and the age of people living with HIV in Côte d'Ivoire using the copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio. Methodology: 254 people (127 HIV-infected individuals on ARV and 127 controls) were recruited for this study. CD4 counts were performed by flow cytometry (FacsCalibur). The COBAS Integra 400 Plus was used to measure biochemical parameters. Serum copper and zinc levels were determined by air/acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Varian AA20 Pattern®, France). The Cu/Zn ratio was obtained by dividing the copper concentration by the zinc concentration. Results: Among HIV+ patients, the average age was 32 ± 0.50 years, with Cu/Zn ratios greater than 2 in 31.4% of females and 80.7% of males. A positive correlation (r = 0.190; p = 0.032) was found between the Cu/Zn ratio and age. For CD4+ counts below 200 cells/mm3, high Cu/Zn ratios were observed in females (1.75 ± 0.49) and males (1.91 ± 0.19). Conclusion: High levels of oxidative stress associated with progression of the inflammatory process with age were observed in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy, particularly those with CD4+ T-cell counts < 200 cells/mm3. It would be interesting to consider the Cu/Zn ratio, oxidative stress levels, age and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts when treating people living with HIV in Côte d'Ivoire. However, this study should be supplemented by an assessment of the Cu/Zn ratio in relation to the different types of ARVs prescribed to patients.
Abstract: Introduction: During HIV infection, the virus and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment generate oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to determine the level of oxidative stress based on changes in CD4+ T-cell counts and the age of people living with HIV in Côte d'Ivoire using the copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio. Methodology: 254 people (127 HIV-infected i...
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Research Article
Parasitemia Threshold for Hypoglycemia Risk in Pediatric Uncomplicated Malaria: A Cross-sectional Study in Ivory Coast
Hugues Ahiboh
,
Joëlle Akissi Koffi*,
Bénédicte Koné-Dakouri,
Fatoumata Koné,
Henri Francisk Kouakou,
Angèle Edjéme-Aké,
Eric Yayo,
Hervé Menan,
Dagui Monnet,
Marie-Laure Hauhouot-Attoungbré
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
119-125
Received:
28 October 2025
Accepted:
18 November 2025
Published:
31 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ab.20251304.12
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Abstract: Background: Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in children in endemic regions. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, risk factors, and predictive indicators of hypoglycemia in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Urban Community Health Center of Anonkoua-Kouté in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Thirty-eight Black African children aged 3-14 years with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were included. Parasitemia, leukocyte count, blood hemoglobin concentration, and glycemia were also evaluated. The Spearman coefficient was used to analyze non-parametric distributions. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the parasitemia threshold for optimal prediction of hypoglycemia risk. Results: The prevalence of hypoglycemia was 34.2%, with a mean blood glucose level of 4.17 mmol/l. An inverse correlation was observed between glycemia and parasitemia. ROC curve analysis demonstrated an optimal hypoglycemic risk with a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 68% for a parasitemia threshold of 3,725/µL. No statistically significant associations were identified between glycemia and leukocyte count, hemoglobin level, or patient age. Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of hypoglycemia in children with uncomplicated malaria, which was associated with elevated parasitemia levels. The importance of this factor in clinical settings arises from its potential impact on patient management and development of treatment strategies. The identified parasitemia threshold may serve as a critical indicator for evaluating treatment efficacy and assessing potential complications of malaria. Further research is warranted to validate these findings in larger multisite studies and to explore additional confounding factors.
Abstract: Background: Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in children in endemic regions. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, risk factors, and predictive indicators of hypoglycemia in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Urban Community Health...
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