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Case Report
Perinatal Care for a Patient with Abdominal Cocoon Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization Embryo Transfer and Complicated by Recurrent Urinary Retention: A Case Report
Hui Yang*
,
Rong Liao
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, February 2025
Pages:
1-7
Received:
17 December 2024
Accepted:
2 January 2025
Published:
16 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajns.20251401.11
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Abstract: Introduction: Abdominal cocoon is a rare and complex disease with significant complications. The management of pregnant patients with abdominal cocoon is rarely reported. Clinical Findings: A 31-year-old infertile Chinese woman with abdominal cocoon, undergoing in vitro fertilization embryo transfer, was admitted to the hospital twice due to recurrent urinary retention. Prior to this pregnancy, she had undergone four unsuccessful embryo transfers and was diagnosed with abdominal cocoon during laparoscopy for bilateral tubal blockage. Diagnosis: Laparoscopy revealed a blockage in both fallopian tubes and severe adhesions in the abdominal-pelvic cavity, confirming the diagnosis of abdominal cocoon. Interventions: The treatment team organized a multi-disciplinary consultation with experts during the patient's last hospitalization and developed a nursing care plan. The patient received vigilant monitoring for bladder function, catheter care, and the prevention of urinary tract infections during pregnancy, along with nursing care for postoperative complications. Outcomes: The patient was discharged after 9 days. A healthy female neonate was delivered by cesarean section, and both mother and baby recovered well after the operation. Pathological examination revealed peritoneal fibrosis, but no other issues or postpartum complications occurred. Conclusion: This case report highlights the nursing care required for a patient with abdominal cocoon undergoing IVF embryo transfer and complicated by recurrent urinary retention. It demonstrates a practical approach to managing a complex and rare disease in pregnant women.
Abstract: Introduction: Abdominal cocoon is a rare and complex disease with significant complications. The management of pregnant patients with abdominal cocoon is rarely reported. Clinical Findings: A 31-year-old infertile Chinese woman with abdominal cocoon, undergoing in vitro fertilization embryo transfer, was admitted to the hospital twice due to recurr...
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Research Article
Awareness of Contraceptives Use Among Youths Aged 18-26 Years in Thogoto Market, Kikuyu Constituency - Kenya
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, February 2025
Pages:
8-14
Received:
22 October 2024
Accepted:
11 November 2024
Published:
23 January 2025
Abstract: Globally, the World Health Organization estimates that approximately 214 million women of child bearing age in developing countries want to avoid pregnancy but are not currently using any contraceptive method. A significant portion of these are youths aged 18–26, who face enormous challenges in accessing and using contraceptives. Awareness and use of contraceptives among the youth remains a challenge in Kenya. Youths in Kenya face considerable reproductive health challenges, including high adolescent pregnancy rates, with 29% of females aged 15–19 years being pregnant or having unwanted children at an early age and dropping out of school. Every year, about 13,000 Kenyan girls drop out of school due to accidental pregnancies. In addition, lack of contraceptive use may lead to spread of sexually transmitted infections including HIV, unsafe abortions, mental illnesses and other socio-economic problems. Barriers to contraceptive awareness and use include social stigma, cultural norms, economic constraints, lack of accessible healthcare, and provider-related issues such as inadequate training and negative attitudes. This study aimed at assessing the level of awareness and use of contraceptive methods among youths aged 18–26 years in Thogoto Market, Kikuyu Constituency, Kiambu county. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Simple random sampling method was employ ed to recruit 384 participants into the study. Data was collected using structured and semi-structured questionnaires on contraceptive awareness, accessibility, use, and barriers to contraceptives use among youths aged between 18 and 26 years. Data was entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 29. Participants were mostly aged 21-23 years (48.96%) and predominantly single (83.33%), with a nearly equal gender distribution (50.78% males and 49.22% females). Awareness of contraceptive methods was high at 97.7% with majority of the participants having gotten the information from schools (50.8%) and health facilities (42.4%). Contraceptive use was reported by 72.4% of the participants, with natural methods and oral pills being the most commonly used methods. On contraceptives accessibility, about 83% of the participants report easy access. Barriers included fear of side effects (30.2%) and partner disapproval (38.5%). While awareness and accessibility are high, barriers such as fear of side effects and partner disapproval impact contraceptive use. In conclusion, contraceptives awareness and use were found to be high among youths aged 18 – 26 years in Thogoto market.
Abstract: Globally, the World Health Organization estimates that approximately 214 million women of child bearing age in developing countries want to avoid pregnancy but are not currently using any contraceptive method. A significant portion of these are youths aged 18–26, who face enormous challenges in accessing and using contraceptives. Awareness and use ...
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Review Article
Research Progress of Perioperative Sleep Disorders in Patients Undergoing Surgery
Chulei Ji*,
Na Liu
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, February 2025
Pages:
15-21
Received:
1 February 2025
Accepted:
13 February 2025
Published:
27 February 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajns.20251401.13
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Abstract: Perioperative sleep disturbances in surgical patients represent a significant yet often overlooked clinical issue that can profoundly impact postoperative recovery and overall outcomes. Perioperative sleep disorders are common complications in surgical patients, with an incidence rate of up to 50%, significantly impacting postoperative recovery and overall health. These disorders manifest as reduced sleep duration, sleep fragmentation, circadian rhythm disturbances, and pain, peaking in severity on the first postoperative day and persisting in some patients for up to 15 days. Sleep disorders not only increase the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) but are also closely associated with postoperative fatigue, pain, and dysfunction in the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. The mechanisms involve both physiological and psychological factors, such as surgical stress, inflammatory responses, anxiety, and pain. Assessment tools include the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and polysomnography (PSG). Influencing factors encompass patient age, gender, psychological state, environmental noise and lighting, type of surgery, and anesthetic agents. Prevention and management strategies include psychological interventions, environmental optimization, postoperative analgesia, and pharmacological treatments (e.g., dexmedetomidine, propofol). This comprehensive review delves into the prevalence, underlying mechanisms, risk factors, and potential interventions for sleep disorders during the perioperative period. By synthesizing current evidence, this review underscores the need for heightened awareness and proactive management of perioperative sleep disturbances to enhance patient recovery and surgical outcomes. Future research directions are also discussed, aiming to reducing the risk of POCD and promoting rapid recovery in patients.
Abstract: Perioperative sleep disturbances in surgical patients represent a significant yet often overlooked clinical issue that can profoundly impact postoperative recovery and overall outcomes. Perioperative sleep disorders are common complications in surgical patients, with an incidence rate of up to 50%, significantly impacting postoperative recovery and...
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