Research Article
Bovine Lungworm: Prevalence and Risk Factor in Asella Town, Oromia Region in Ethiopia
Fetegn Yohannis Meskele*,
Fikru Gizaw
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
1-6
Received:
10 September 2025
Accepted:
5 October 2025
Published:
7 January 2026
Abstract: Bovine lungworm, also known as Dictyocaulus viviparous, is a parasitic worm that infects cattle, particularly calves. It's a lungworm from the Strongylidae family. Between May and June 2024, a cross-sectional study was undertaken in and around Asella town, Ethiopia, to establish the current prevalence of bovine lungworm and its associated risk factors. A total of 384 cattle fecal samples were collected at random and brought to the Arsi University Veterinary Laboratory for larval identification. Of the 384 fecal samples analyzed microscopically, 20 were positive for lungworm infection, indicating an overall prevalence of 5.21%. The results were presented using descriptive statistics, and the chi-square test was used to investigate the relationship between categorical variables and the presence of bovine lungworm. The study found a substantial correlation (P<0.05) between age, breed, and body condition score. However, the sex connection was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The incidence was 6.6% in animals aged 1 to 5 years and 3.45% in those older than 5 years. The highest prevalence was seen in animals with poor body condition (8.6%), followed by those with medium (5.3%) and good (2.2%) body states. Crossbreeds have a higher prevalence (6.98%) than native breeds. Furthermore, infection rates varied by body condition score, with rates of 8.6%, 5.3%, and 2.2% for poor, medium, and good conditions, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that bovine lungworm prevalence is a substantial issue in the area. Furthermore, our data suggest the need for additional research into the occurrence and prevalence of bovine lungworm in and around Arsi town, which can aid in identifying cost-effective ways to reduce cow mortality.
Abstract: Bovine lungworm, also known as Dictyocaulus viviparous, is a parasitic worm that infects cattle, particularly calves. It's a lungworm from the Strongylidae family. Between May and June 2024, a cross-sectional study was undertaken in and around Asella town, Ethiopia, to establish the current prevalence of bovine lungworm and its associated risk fact...
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Research Article
Development of a Whole-Cell Biocatalytic System for Lycopene Production in Escherichia coli
Gaurav Prajapati
,
Kinshuk Raj Srivastava*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
7-16
Received:
10 March 2026
Accepted:
20 March 2026
Published:
2 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.abb.20261401.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Lycopene is one of the most well-known carotenoids in nature due to its high antioxidant properties and wide health benefits. Due to a wide range of applications in food, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, demand for lycopene has grown significantly and its unmet need requires production at large scale. Conventionally, lycopene extraction from natural sources suffers from extensive downstream processing and poor yield. Industrial processes using tomato pomace or peels can achieve somewhat higher concentrations, but overall yields remain modest compared with the demand for nutraceutical?grade lycopene. Therefore, the development of alternative process including microbial based production of lycopene are being explored. Escherichia coli stands out as a preferred host due to its rapid growth, well-characterized genetics, and amenability to engineering. It can grow on cheap carbon sources such as glucose, glycerol, or agricultural waste, which lowers production costs for bio?based chemicals and natural products. In this study, we engineered E. coli for whole-cell biocatalytic lycopene production using a two-plasmid system. We co-expressed enzymes from the mevalonate pathway to boost isoprenoid precursors, alongside lycopene biosynthetic genes (e.g., crtE, crtB, crtI) that channel these intermediates into lycopene. This platform converts glucose directly into lycopene through multi-step biosynthesis, bypassing extraction bottlenecks. Our approach highlights E. coli's potential as an efficient, sustainable biocatalyst for industrial carotenoid production.
Abstract: Lycopene is one of the most well-known carotenoids in nature due to its high antioxidant properties and wide health benefits. Due to a wide range of applications in food, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, demand for lycopene has grown significantly and its unmet need requires production at large scale. Conventionally, lycopene extract...
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