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Research Article
Study on the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Newly Synthesized Compounds Based on Menthol-Derived Amino Acids
Lolakhon Ettibaeva*
,
Muxlisa Turdibekova,
Rayxona Ashiralieva
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
36-40
Received:
27 March 2025
Accepted:
7 April 2025
Published:
2 September 2025
Abstract: This article discusses the optimized conditions for synthesizing novel menthol derivatives through its interaction with selected amino acids. This study presents the optimized conditions for synthesizing novel menthol derivatives through reactions with selected amino acids. The resulting compounds were characterized to determine their physicochemical properties, including appearance, aggregate state, and melting point. Notable variations in these characteristics suggest distinct structural and thermal behaviors among the synthesized derivatives. These findings imply potential applications in pharmaceuticals, materials science, and other related fields. The physical constants of the new compounds were determined, and their structures were analyzed using infrared (IR) and mass spectrometry. In the IR spectra of the complex esters, the absence of the hydroxyl (-OH) stretching vibration near 3245 cm⁻¹ confirms ester formation between the hydroxyl group of menthol and the amino acid moieties. These spectral features support the successful synthesis of complex esters and highlight the interaction mechanism. This work contributes to the development of functionalized organic molecules with promising physicochemical and possibly biological properties.
Abstract: This article discusses the optimized conditions for synthesizing novel menthol derivatives through its interaction with selected amino acids. This study presents the optimized conditions for synthesizing novel menthol derivatives through reactions with selected amino acids. The resulting compounds were characterized to determine their physicochemic...
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Research Article
Safe Cholecystectomy as a Competency-based Teaching Method to Prevent Bile Duct Disruption
Juan Hernandez Orduña*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
41-51
Received:
5 December 2024
Accepted:
17 December 2024
Published:
3 September 2025
Abstract: Despite the benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the incidence of bile duct disruption has increased significantly over the years, from a range of 0.1 to 0.2% during the open cholecystectomy (CA) era to a range of 0.4 to 0.6% in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) era. and 0.72% per year in single-port cholecystectomy. Most prevention or safety interventions alone have not achieved adequate implementation and outcomes in terms of bile duct injury have remained largely unchanged. Nothing could be further from the truth than trying to establish infallible formulas for the prevention of surgical injuries of the bile duct. Bile duct injury secondary to cholecystectomy is one of the most catastrophic complications for both the patient and the surgeon due to its repercussions. The main factor in addressing this problem is prevention, performing gentle and careful surgical technique, recognizing when the situation is beyond the surgeon's ability, and being vigilant to ask for experienced help. It must be recognized that the latter and the decision to convert are not signs of incapacity, but of good judgment. Perhaps one of the most important principles is to keep in mind that any surgeon can present them. Only from this premise can the recommendations of the 10 high safety requirements and the 7 transoperative maneuvers for a safe cholecystectomy be useful, which together with a structured and competency-based teaching-learning process can further reduce the rate of surgical disruption of the bile duct.
Abstract: Despite the benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the incidence of bile duct disruption has increased significantly over the years, from a range of 0.1 to 0.2% during the open cholecystectomy (CA) era to a range of 0.4 to 0.6% in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) era. and 0.72% per year in single-port cholecystectomy. Most prevention or saf...
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Research Article
Prevention and Early Detection of Skin Cancer on the Head and Neck in the State of Paraná Between 1989-2018
Fernando Minari Sassi*,
Cleverson Patussi,
Juliana Lucena Schussel,
Maria Isabela Guebur,
Roberta Stramandinoli-Zanicotti,
Jose Luis Dissenha,
Marcio Hurczulack-Quadros,
Bruna Wastner,
Fernando Luiz Zanferrari,
Gyl Henrique Ramos,
Dinarte Orlandi,
Laurindo Moacir Sassi
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
52-56
Received:
12 January 2025
Accepted:
13 February 2025
Published:
8 September 2025
Abstract: Background: To present the results of oral cancer preventive actions over the last 30 years in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Anamnesis and clinical examinations were performed in individuals over 30 years of age during health actions. All participants answered a questionnaire with great coverage of the identification questions. Clinical examination revealed hygiene and lesions. Information about cancer prevention was also provided. Results: Of the 29,682 examinations performed, 6,314 mouth lesions (21.3%) and 398 (1.3%) skin lesions were detected. Of these, 312 lesions (79.5%) were found in patients aged 41-80 years of age and Caucasians (320 - 82.9%). A total of 232 (58.4%) patients were female, 284 (76.8%) had an income lower than 500 dollars, and 303 (77.9%) had completed only elementary school. Regarding oral care, 283 (75.6%) had regular or poor hygiene, 82 (21.2%) only went to the dentist when in pain, and 106 (27.4%) were edentulous. A total of 139 (36.4%) never had a previous oral cancer orientation, 182 (47.6%) were informed at least once, 61 (16.0%) did not know it, and 281 (73.0%) were non-smokers. The most common skin lesion was basal-cell carcinoma. Conclusions: A higher prevalence of skin lesions was found in Caucasians between 41-80 years of age, with low schooling, and low income. These data emphasize the importance of head and neck examinations and teaching about oral and skin cancer risk factors.
Abstract: Background: To present the results of oral cancer preventive actions over the last 30 years in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Anamnesis and clinical examinations were performed in individuals over 30 years of age during health actions. All participants answered a questionnaire with great coverage of the identification questions. Clinical examination ...
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Research Article
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning: A Comprehensive Review
Makoye John,
Jesu Arockia Rose Mina*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
57-71
Received:
23 November 2024
Accepted:
8 February 2025
Published:
9 September 2025
Abstract: This comprehensive review provides an in-depth analysis of the advancements and potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of medical physics. The integration of AI techniques holds great promise for transforming various aspects of medical physics practice, ranging from image analysis and interpretation to treatment planning and optimization. Drawing upon a wide range of research studies and literature from the medical physics domain, this review examines the utilization of AI algorithms and approaches in enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and automation in medical physics. Machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision techniques are explored in the context of image analysis, where AI algorithms demonstrate the ability to detect and classify abnormalities, segment organs and tumors, and aid in image registration and reconstruction. In treatment planning and optimization, AI algorithms are being employed to optimize radiation therapy plans, taking into account patient-specific characteristics, tumor response, and organ-at-risk constraints. These algorithms leverage large datasets and sophisticated optimization algorithms to generate personalized treatment plans that maximize tumor control while minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues. Quality assurance, an essential aspect of medical physics, is also benefiting from AI advancements. AI-based tools are being developed to automate quality assurance processes, including the verification of treatment delivery accuracy, patient positioning, and dose calculation. These tools can help improve efficiency, reduce human error, and enhance patient safety in radiation therapy.
Abstract: This comprehensive review provides an in-depth analysis of the advancements and potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of medical physics. The integration of AI techniques holds great promise for transforming various aspects of medical physics practice, ranging from image analysis and interpretation to treatment plannin...
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Research Article
Radiation Therapists Perspectives on Motion Management in Definitive Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy: Insights from Indian Clinical Practice
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
72-82
Received:
11 August 2025
Accepted:
21 August 2025
Published:
23 September 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.jctr.20251303.15
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Abstract: Introduction: Prostate cancer is a leading malignancy among men, with radiotherapy (RT) serving as a cornerstone of curative treatment. The precision of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is challenged by prostate motion caused by bladder and rectal filling variations, leading to inter- and intra-fraction positional uncertainties. Advanced image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) and motion management technologies can mitigate these uncertainties; however, their implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India remains inconsistent due to infrastructure, training, and resource limitations. Radiation therapists (RTTs) play a critical role in accurate patient setup, imaging, and on-treatment verification, yet their perspectives on motion management in prostate radiotherapy are underrepresented in literature. This study aimed to evaluate current RTT practices, challenges, and training needs in India. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted over 60 days among RTTs treating prostate cancer with EBRT in India. The online survey, developed through literature review and expert consultation, included 15 mandatory questions across seven domains: demographics, institutional profiles, clinical load, techniques in use, workflow impact, technical challenges, and training preferences. Purposive sampling recruited participants via professional networks, email, and social media. Responses from 202 RTTs were analyzed using descriptive statistics in Microsoft Excel. Results: Daily cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was the most widely adopted motion management method (84.7%), followed by respiratory position management (15.8%), surface-guided radiotherapy (15.8%), and real-time tracking (9.4%). Notably, 40.6% reported no dedicated motion management technique. The most common challenges were inconsistent bladder/rectum filling (64.4%), time constraints (34.2%), patient discomfort (24.3%), and technology limitations (14.9%). Motion management increased setup times by 6-15 minutes in 49.5% of cases, with 16.3% of RTTs reporting reduced patient throughput. While 66.9% agreed that current strategies reduce setup uncertainties, responses revealed variability in practice and technology access. Training needs were substantial, with workshops (55.4%), SOP/guideline updates (46.5%), and online modules (34.2%) most preferred. Private institutions accounted for 81.2% of responses, reflecting disparities between urban and rural access to technology. Conclusions: This nationwide survey highlights widespread adoption of CBCT-based IGRT in Indian prostate cancer radiotherapy but also reveals significant gaps in advanced motion tracking, workflow optimization, and standardized patient preparation protocols. Addressing these limitations through national guidelines, equitable technology distribution, and RTT-focused education is essential for consistent, high-quality motion management. Investment in training, patient education, and infrastructure will be critical to bridging practice variability and improving treatment precision across diverse healthcare settings.
Abstract: Introduction: Prostate cancer is a leading malignancy among men, with radiotherapy (RT) serving as a cornerstone of curative treatment. The precision of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is challenged by prostate motion caused by bladder and rectal filling variations, leading to inter- and intra-fraction positional uncertainties. Advanced image-gui...
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Research Article
Localised Cervical Cancer: Impact of Weekly Chemotherapy and Postoperative Radiotherapy in Chinese Women
Mamady Keita*,
Chen Xi,
Abou Camara,
Arbaba Balde,
Kalil Cisse,
Ibrahima Kalil Conde,
Alhassane Ismael Toure,
Malick Bah,
Bangaly Traore,
Hong Liu
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
83-90
Received:
15 August 2025
Accepted:
26 August 2025
Published:
23 September 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.jctr.20251303.16
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Views:
Abstract: Introduction: recurrence after treatment for uterine cervical cancer is not uncommon, and its management is a major challenge for the clinician. The aim of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicity of weekly chemotherapy combined with postoperative radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer. Material and methods: Chinese women with localised uterine cervical cancer were recruited between 2017 and 2020. Pelvic radiotherapy (6 -10 MV X-rays, IMRT 40-45 Gy / 20 fractions, boost of 10-20 Gy/ 5-10fractions on parameters) was followed by brachytherapy (192Ir, 10 - 20Gy/2-4fractions). Weekly chemotherapy was initiated with 20 mg/m2 cisplatin and 10mg/m2 paclitaxel. The 5 + 5 approach to escalate the dose for each 5 patients until the dose-limiting toxicity level was reached was used. Results: a total of 30 patients aged 32-78 years were included. Two out of 5 patients in the dose level 5 group developed grade 3 diarrhoea after 4 weeks. One patient in dose level 4 and 6 developed grade 4 leukopenia and neutropenia, respectively. There were no cases of delayed chemotherapy. With a median follow-up of 64.5 months, 3 patients died after recurrence of metastases. Conclusion: cisplatin - paclitaxel combined with postoperative radiotherapy has been shown to be highly effective and safe in Chinese women with localised uterine cervical cancer. The dose-limiting toxicities are 35 mg/m2 cisplatin and 30 mg/m2 paclitaxel per week for at least 6 cycles.
Abstract: Introduction: recurrence after treatment for uterine cervical cancer is not uncommon, and its management is a major challenge for the clinician. The aim of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicity of weekly chemotherapy combined with postoperative radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer. Material and method...
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