Climate variability is among the principal source of variations in crop production in developing countries including Ethiopia that greatly relies on subsistence farming. This study assessed the impacts of climate variability on maize (Zea mays L.) yield in Kurfa Chele district, eastern Ethiopia. Climate data (1996-2016) and maize yield data (2001-2016) were acquired from the NMA of Ethiopia and KWANRO, respectively. Variability, trend and anomaly of climate variables were analyzed using INSTAT +3.37 and Mann-Kendall trend analysis. The mean start of rainy seasons, length of growing period and end of the rainy seasons in Kurfa Chele district were 31st March, 178 days and 25th September, respectively and belg onset was highly variable (CV=42%). Annual and kiremt rainfall amounts were found to increase by a factor of 2.45 and 1.64 mm/year, respectively and were insignificant at 5%. Conversely, the belg rainfall decreased by a factor of -0.8 and was insignificant. The maximum temperature showed increasing trend at annual, kiremt and belg periods by a factor of 0.046, 0.053 and 0.066°C/year, respectively. Similarly, annual, kiremt and belg minimum temperatures showed increasing trend and were significant at 5%. The correlation of maize yield with rainfall and temperature parameters revealed that belg rainy days and kiremt rainy days have strong relationships with maize yield. The result of multiple regression showed that an increase in kiremt end date (-0.04 Kg/ha) and kiremt mean temperature (-2.57 Kg/ha) caused decrease in maize yield. Coefficient of determination indicates that climate features predict 79% the variation in maize yield. Thus, it is essential to advance extension services to improve perception of climate variability and proper implementation of adaptation practices in the study area.
| Published in | Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15 |
| Page(s) | 34-51 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Climate Variability, Impacts, Kurfa Chele, Maize Yield, Rainfall, Temperature
| [1] | Adhikari, U., A. P. Nejadhashemi, and M. R. Herman, 2015. A review of climate change impacts on water resources in East Africa. Trans. ASABE in Review. |
| [2] | Alemayehu A, Bewket W 2016. Local climate variability and crop production in the central Highlands of Ethiopia. Environ Dev 19: 36–48. |
| [3] | Arega Shumete, Molla Alemayehu, 2018. Effect of Climate Variability on Crop income and indigenous adaptation strategies of households, International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and management, vol. 10 issues: 4, pp 580-595, |
| [4] | Belaineh Legesse, Yared Ayele, Woldeamlak Bewket, 2013. Smallholder farmers’ perceptions and adaptation to climate variability and climate change in Doba district, west Hararghe, Ethiopia. Asian Journal of Empirical Research 3 (3): 251-265. |
| [5] | Beweket Waldeamlak. 2009. Rainfall variability and crop production in Ethiopia Case study in the Amhararegion. Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia. |
| [6] | Cairns, J. E., Hellin, J., Sonder, K., Araus, J. L., MacRobert, J. F., Their felder, C., & Prasanna, B. M. 2013. Adapting maize production to climate change insub-Saharan Africa. Food Security, 5 (3), 345-360. |
| [7] | CSA, 2007. Summary and Statistical Report of the 2007 Population and Housing Census. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Population Census Commission. Central Statistical Agency, December, 2008. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [8] | CSA, 2010. Summary Report of Ethiopia and Various Statistical Abstract, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [9] | CSA, 2012. Agricultural sample survey: report on area and production of major crops (private peasant holdings, Meher season). Statistical Bulletin 1, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [10] | CSA, 2015. Agricultural sample survey report on area and production for major crops (private peasant holdings Meher season) for 2007/08. The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Statistical Bulletin 278, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [11] | Dereje Ayalew, Kindie Tesfaye, Girma Mamo, Birru Yitaferu and Wondimu Bayu, 2012. Variability of rainfall and its current trend in Amhara region, Ethiopia. Vol. 7 (10), pp. 1475- 1486. |
| [12] | Deressa Temsgen, R. M. Hassan, Teki. Alemu, Mahamud Yesuf and C. Ringler. 2008. Analyzing the determinants of farmers’ choice of adaptation methods and perceptions of climate change in the Nile basin Ethiopia. IFPRI Discussion paper. |
| [13] | Engida. M, 1999. Annual rainfall and potential evapotranspiration in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources, 3 (1): 137-154. |
| [14] | EPCC (Ethiopian panel on Climate Change). 2015. First Assessment Report, Working Group I Physical Science Basis, Published by the Ethiopian Academy of Sciences. |
| [15] | FAO, 2010. FAO statistical database. Rome: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO). |
| [16] | Frida G. M. 2016. Adaptation Strategies to climate variability and climate change, Impacts on food among small holders farmers in Moshi Rural District, Kilimangaro Region. |
| [17] | Funk, Jim Rowland, Gary Eilerts, Emebet Kebebe, Nigist Biru, Libby White, Gideon Galu, 2012. A Climate Trend Analysis of Ethiopia: Famine Early Warning Systems Network Informing Climate Change Adaptation Series. Rolla Publishing Service Cente. |
| [18] | Hare W. 2003. Assessment of Knowledge on Impacts of Climate Change, Contribution to the Specification of Art, 2 of the UNFCCC, WBGU. |
| [19] | Hulme, M., R. Doherty, T. Ngara, M. New and D. Lister. 2001. African climate change: 1900-2100. Climate Research 17: 145-168. |
| [20] | IPCC. 2001. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Houghton, J. T., Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A. Johnson (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 881pp. |
| [21] | IPCC, 2007. Climate Change; Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability Contribution Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. |
| [22] | Kidist Abera, Olivier Crespo, Jemal Seid and Fasil Mequanent. 2018. Simulating the impact of climate change on maize production in Ethiopia, East Africa. Environmental System Research 7, (4). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-018-0107-z |
| [23] | Kikoyo and Nobert, 2016. Assessment of impact of climate change and adaptation strategies on maize production in Uganda. |
| [24] | Kindie Tesfaye, (2004), Field comparison of resource utilization and productivity of three grain legume species under water stress. Harames. |
| [25] | KWANRO, 2018. Annual Report Document prepared by the Office. |
| [26] | Lemma, Alemie, Habtu and Lemma. 2016. Analyzing the Impacts of on Onset, Length of Growing Period and Dry Spell Length on Chickpea Production in Adaa District (East Showa Zone) of Ethiopia. Journal of Earth Science and Climate Change. 7: 349. |
| [27] | McKee TB, Doesken NJ, Kleist J. 1993. The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. Paper presented at the Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, Anaheim, California, and 17–22. |
| [28] | Mesay, A. 2006. The onset, cessation and dry spells of the small rainy season (Belg) of Ethiopia. National Meteorological Agency, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. pp. 10-13. |
| [29] | Misgina Gebrehiwot and S. Simhadri. 2015. Local Climate Trends and Farmers’ Perceptions in Southern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. ISSN 1927-9566 | Vol. 4 No. 3, pp. 11-28. |
| [30] | Moges Bezabih, 2017. Impacts of rural credit on household’s food security and income: the case of Kurfa Chele Woreda, East Hararghe Zone. Published MA Thesis. Haramaya, Ethiopia. |
| [31] | Monadjem, A. and Perrin, M. 2003. Population fluctuations and community structure of small mammals in a Swazil and grass land over a three year period. African Zoology 38: 127-137. |
| [32] | Mondal, A., Kundu, S., Mukhopadhyay, A. 2012. ‘Rainfall trend analysis by Mann-Kendall test: a case study of North-Eastern part of Cuttack district, Orissa rainfall trend analysis by Mann-Kendall test: a case study of, (February 2015). |
| [33] | Ngongondo C, Yu-Xu C, Gottschalk L, Alemaw B. 2011. Evaluation of spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall in Malawi: a case of data scarce region. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 106: 79-93. DOI 10.1007/s00704-011-0413-0. Accessed on November 25, 2017. |
| [34] | NMA (National Meteorological Agency) 2007. Climate Change National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA) of Ethiopia. Technical Report, United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Addis Abeba, Ethiopia: NMA. |
| [35] | Oromia National Regional State (ONRS), 2011. Program of Plan on Adaptation to Climate Change: Finfine, Ethiopia. |
| [36] | Santpoort, R. 2020. The drivers of maize area expansion in Sub-Saharan Africa. How policies to boost maize production overlook the interests of smallholder farmers. Land, 9 (3), 68. |
| [37] | Sen, Pranab Kumar. 1968. “Estimates of the Regression Coefficient Based on Kendall’s Tau.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 63 (324): 1379–89. |
| [38] | Shiferaw, B., Prasanna, B., Hellin, J., & Bänziger, M. (2011). Crops that feed the world 6. Past successes and future challenges to the role played by maize in global food security. Food Security, 3, 307–327. |
| [39] | Solomon Abirdew, 2017. Analysis of Climate Variability and Local Farmers’ Perception Towards Maize (Zea mays L.) Production in Abeshge Woreda, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia. MSc. Thesis, Haramaya University, Ethiopia. |
| [40] | Stern, R. D. and Cooper, P. J. M., 2011. Assessing climate risk and climate changes in grain fall data – A case study from Zambia. Experimental Agriculture, 47: 241-266. |
| [41] | Suleyman Abdureman and Nuradin Abdi, 2020. “Impacts of Climate Variability and Climate Change and Adaptation Strategy among Small Scale Farmers of Kurfa Chele District, East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, “Journal of Science, Computing and Engineering Research, 1 (5), 113-125. |
| [42] | Tesfaye S, Birhane E, Leijnse T, van der Zee SEATM 2017. Climatic controls of ecohydrological responses in the highlands of northern Ethiopia. Sci Total Environ 609: 77–914. |
| [43] | Umeshi, A. A, Pouyan, N. 2015. Journal of Climate Change and eastern Africa overview of impact of Climate Change. http://doi.org/10-1002/fes-61. Assessed on October 21, 2018. |
| [44] | USAID (United States Agency for International Development), 2010. An Atlas of Ethiopian Livelihoods. Addis. Ababa: USAID. Assessed on June 27, 2018. |
| [45] | USAID. 2015. Climate variability and change in Ethiopia. Summary of findings technical report Washington, DC. |
| [46] | USDA (United States Department of Agriculture), 2016. World Agricultural Production. Foreign Agricultural Service. Circular Series WAP 6–16 June 2016. Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board. |
| [47] | Yesuf, M., Di Falco, S., Deressa, T., Ringler, С. and Kohlin, G. 2008. The Impact of Climate Change and Adaptation on Food Production in Low - Income Countries: Evidence from the Nile Basin of Ethiopia. Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, IFPRI Discussion Paper 00828. |
| [48] | Yohanes, Gebremichael & Mebratu, Kifle. 2009. Local innovation in climate-change adaptation by Ethiopian pastoralists: PROLINNOVA–Ethiopia and Pastoralist Forum Ethiopia (PFE), Final report. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. |
| [49] | Yue, S., Pilon, P., Cavadias, G., 2002. Power of the Mann-Kendall test and the Spearman'srho test for detecting monotonic trends in hydrological time series. J. Hydrol. 259, 254–271. |
APA Style
Sharaf Abdullahi Musa. (2022). Impacts of Climate Variability on Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield in Kurfa Chele District of East Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, 6(1), 34-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15
ACS Style
Sharaf Abdullahi Musa. Impacts of Climate Variability on Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield in Kurfa Chele District of East Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. J. Chem. Environ. Biol. Eng. 2022, 6(1), 34-51. doi: 10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15,
author = {Sharaf Abdullahi Musa},
title = {Impacts of Climate Variability on Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield in Kurfa Chele District of East Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia},
journal = {Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {34-51},
doi = {10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jcebe.20220601.15},
abstract = {Climate variability is among the principal source of variations in crop production in developing countries including Ethiopia that greatly relies on subsistence farming. This study assessed the impacts of climate variability on maize (Zea mays L.) yield in Kurfa Chele district, eastern Ethiopia. Climate data (1996-2016) and maize yield data (2001-2016) were acquired from the NMA of Ethiopia and KWANRO, respectively. Variability, trend and anomaly of climate variables were analyzed using INSTAT +3.37 and Mann-Kendall trend analysis. The mean start of rainy seasons, length of growing period and end of the rainy seasons in Kurfa Chele district were 31st March, 178 days and 25th September, respectively and belg onset was highly variable (CV=42%). Annual and kiremt rainfall amounts were found to increase by a factor of 2.45 and 1.64 mm/year, respectively and were insignificant at 5%. Conversely, the belg rainfall decreased by a factor of -0.8 and was insignificant. The maximum temperature showed increasing trend at annual, kiremt and belg periods by a factor of 0.046, 0.053 and 0.066°C/year, respectively. Similarly, annual, kiremt and belg minimum temperatures showed increasing trend and were significant at 5%. The correlation of maize yield with rainfall and temperature parameters revealed that belg rainy days and kiremt rainy days have strong relationships with maize yield. The result of multiple regression showed that an increase in kiremt end date (-0.04 Kg/ha) and kiremt mean temperature (-2.57 Kg/ha) caused decrease in maize yield. Coefficient of determination indicates that climate features predict 79% the variation in maize yield. Thus, it is essential to advance extension services to improve perception of climate variability and proper implementation of adaptation practices in the study area.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of Climate Variability on Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield in Kurfa Chele District of East Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia AU - Sharaf Abdullahi Musa Y1 - 2022/05/31 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15 DO - 10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15 T2 - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering JF - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering JO - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering SP - 34 EP - 51 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2640-267X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20220601.15 AB - Climate variability is among the principal source of variations in crop production in developing countries including Ethiopia that greatly relies on subsistence farming. This study assessed the impacts of climate variability on maize (Zea mays L.) yield in Kurfa Chele district, eastern Ethiopia. Climate data (1996-2016) and maize yield data (2001-2016) were acquired from the NMA of Ethiopia and KWANRO, respectively. Variability, trend and anomaly of climate variables were analyzed using INSTAT +3.37 and Mann-Kendall trend analysis. The mean start of rainy seasons, length of growing period and end of the rainy seasons in Kurfa Chele district were 31st March, 178 days and 25th September, respectively and belg onset was highly variable (CV=42%). Annual and kiremt rainfall amounts were found to increase by a factor of 2.45 and 1.64 mm/year, respectively and were insignificant at 5%. Conversely, the belg rainfall decreased by a factor of -0.8 and was insignificant. The maximum temperature showed increasing trend at annual, kiremt and belg periods by a factor of 0.046, 0.053 and 0.066°C/year, respectively. Similarly, annual, kiremt and belg minimum temperatures showed increasing trend and were significant at 5%. The correlation of maize yield with rainfall and temperature parameters revealed that belg rainy days and kiremt rainy days have strong relationships with maize yield. The result of multiple regression showed that an increase in kiremt end date (-0.04 Kg/ha) and kiremt mean temperature (-2.57 Kg/ha) caused decrease in maize yield. Coefficient of determination indicates that climate features predict 79% the variation in maize yield. Thus, it is essential to advance extension services to improve perception of climate variability and proper implementation of adaptation practices in the study area. VL - 6 IS - 1 ER -
Information
Email: