Abstract: Arrogant practices of land use change including expansion of agricultural land and infrastructural development are resulted to deforestation which goes to climate change. Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov chain combines the advantages of cellular automata and Markov chain analysis to simulate and predict future land use/cover trends depending on the Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes. Spatial distribution of LULC and area changed were calculated using IDRISI software and GIS technology. Therefore, the forest land cover conversion to other LULC was evaluated to obtain rate of deforestation. Secondly, using transition probability matrices of 1999-2018, CA-Markov chain model was executed to simulate spatial distribution of land use/cover in 2018. Based on the simulated LULC map of 2018 and the actual LULC map of 2018 CA-Markov Model was validated with a kappa index of 1. As a result the kappa index of the validated result was 0.8 means it is accurate for the model. Finally, future land use/cover change of 2018-2037 and 2037-2056 were predicted using CA-Markov Chain Model. Therefore, the results revealed that decreasing of forest land and increasing of agricultural land in the study area are the major results. Specifically forest land was decreased by 52,156.71 hectares from 1980 to 2018, while agricultural land increased by 78,021.35 hectares during 1980-2018. In addition, the rate of deforestation between 1980 and 2018 was 1,372.54 hectares per year. The predicted results of 2037 year would be identified forest cover decreases by 30,204.65 hectares within future 19 years and agricultural land would be increases by 30,693.91 hectares between 2018 and 2037. The result of the study approved concerned bodies those working on the forest protection have to work better on the forest protecting and address a tough land use system.Abstract: Arrogant practices of land use change including expansion of agricultural land and infrastructural development are resulted to deforestation which goes to climate change. Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov chain combines the advantages of cellular automata and Markov chain analysis to simulate and predict future land use/cover trends depending on the La...Show More
Abstract: In the past years, architectural heritage was represented and described through 2D plans, sections, perspective drawings, pictures, and texts. But, in the last decades, with the development of digital tools such as 3D scanner laser and photogrammetry, new technologies have been introduced in the digital survey of architectural heritage and 3D modelling. In this regard, we noticed that students, architects, and archaeologists still do not use photogrammetry and lasergrammetry in their work. Some of them found those methods difficult and expensive. This paper aims to describe a methodology of digitizing architectural artefacts based on digital tools such as photogrammetry and lasergrammetry that allows representing realistic and accurate 3D models and then to explain the steps that lead to introducing photogrammetric model from Autodesk recap photo software in the Autodesk Revit software to have a Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) project that is useful for architectural intervention on cultural heritage using digital platform allowing multidisciplinary collaboration in architectural projects. The field of experimentation is our teaching courses with the students at the national school of architecture and urban planning in Tunisia in different sites. The student’s results are promising in the new practice of Digital Architecture and Digital Archeology and the HBIM can be a conception aid design.Abstract: In the past years, architectural heritage was represented and described through 2D plans, sections, perspective drawings, pictures, and texts. But, in the last decades, with the development of digital tools such as 3D scanner laser and photogrammetry, new technologies have been introduced in the digital survey of architectural heritage and 3D model...Show More
