Abstract: Fermentation and dewatering of cassava mash are critical stages in processing of Garri in Sierra Leone and many other West African countries. This study examines the effect of grating band and dewatering pressure on the quality of Garri obtained from three improved cassava varietiesTR-0031, TR-01229 and TR-983, obtained from Njala Agricultural Research Centre, Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (NARC, SLARI) using two locally made grating bands (4-inch nail size and 1.5-inch nail size). Five kilograms (5kg) of cassava mash was dewatered at pressures of 1422.33psi, 1066.748psi and 711.165psi. The resulting dewatered mash was roasted to obtain Garri. Samples of the Garri was used to conduct analysis for swelling index and particle size distribution. Data recorded was analyzed using Microsoft excel. Key findings: Water discharged by the different Pressing Pressure, pressure 1422.33psi discharged 1.42kg in four hours of pressing, pressure 1066.748psi discharge 1.20kg and pressure 711.165psi discharged 1.08kg. The swelling index for grating band 4” obtained a maximum of 57% and band 1.5” of 43% for variety TR-01229. On average grating band 4” swelled to a pick of 54.3% and band 1.5” obtained 45.7%. The statistical analysis conducted between varieties (TR-0983, TR-0031 and TR-1229) at 95% level of probability shows that no statistically significant difference of swelling index between varieties with p-value of 0.482185. For particle size distribution (PSD) maximum Garri retention was obtained by sieve 2 of 44% and minimum of 8% for sieve 5. A Pearson correlation shows a weak negative relationship (-0.709) between grating band and swelling index. The study leads to the conclusion that the nature of grating bands and magnitude of dewatering pressure are important factors in determining PSD and swelling power, which are key quality factors of Garri processing in Sierra Leone.
Abstract: Fermentation and dewatering of cassava mash are critical stages in processing of Garri in Sierra Leone and many other West African countries. This study examines the effect of grating band and dewatering pressure on the quality of Garri obtained from three improved cassava varietiesTR-0031, TR-01229 and TR-983, obtained from Njala Agricultural Rese...Show More
Georgiana Allie*,Joseph Sherman-Kamara,Sallu Karteh,Dominic Musa Ibrahim-Sayo
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2025
Pages:
10-18
Received:
11 February 2025
Accepted:
3 March 2025
Published:
18 March 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.wjfst.20250901.12
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Abstract: In this study we examined the effect of temperature on the absorption of water (hydration) by some rice varieties grown in Sierra Leone. This study was carried out at Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC) laboratory of the Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI). Dry samples of paddy from three rice varieties (Nerica-19, Nerica-21 and Rok-24) were hydrated in a water bath at temperatures of 30, 50 and 70°C respectively. Model parameters for Peleg’s equation (k1 and k2) were estimated from experimental data and used to fit the equation for the three cultivars at different temperatures. Results suggest that the initial absorption rates, saturation moisture content as well as water absorption capacities increased for all three varieties with increasing temperatures. Values of both Peleg’s constants show temperature and varietal dependence. Both constants appeared to decrease linearly with rising temperature conditions. The key difference noted among rice varieties was that whereas for Nerica-19 and Rok-24, which took up moisture slowly, k1 and k2 had fairly similar values, (ranging from 7.248 to 1.273 for k1, and 0.039 to 0.025 for k2), Nerica-21, which took up moisture more rapidly, had significantly lower values (ranging from 3.972 to 0.814 for k1, and 0.025 to 0.019 for k2). The results show that Peleg’s equation can provide a satisfactory mathematical model of hydration phenomena in rice grains although its applicability for different rice grain varieties might require variety-specific or grain-type-specific grain-class-specific calibration.Abstract: In this study we examined the effect of temperature on the absorption of water (hydration) by some rice varieties grown in Sierra Leone. This study was carried out at Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC) laboratory of the Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI). Dry samples of paddy from three rice varieties (Nerica-19, Nerica-21...Show More